高考英语非谓语动词(总结改错)

1、扶弱资料（六）i / ii非谓语动词所谓非谓语动词，就是指它们不能在句子中单独作谓语。但它们又具有动 词的特征，即可以有宾语（如果是及物动词的话）、可以有时态和语态的变化、 可以有自己的逻辑主语。同时，它们又具有名词的某些特征，即它们可以作主 语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。一、动词不定式：动词不定式（时态与语态）：1 .作主语：To say something is one thing, to do it is another.2 . 作表语: My suggestion is to carry out the plan immediately.to.注:在let, make, see, not

2、ice, hear等动词后面，作宾补的不定式均省去 如：He made a face and made everybody（laugh）.但是，在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式则要加上to.5. 作定语: He used to have a lot of meeting to attend.注:当出现the first / second / last / only /best时，常跟不定式作定语He was the first man（get） to school this morning.6. 不定式作状语: To see what would happen, we stayed ther

3、e.二、分词 （现在分词和过去分词）（V V-ing形式（时态与语态）：1 .（be） poor, he couldn ' t go to school.2 .We are interested in（ play） chess.3 .The question(discuss) now is important.4 .The boy was afraid of(leave) alone at home.5 .(work) in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables.注：现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生在谓

4、语动作之前(二)过去分词(只有一种时态与语态)规则的：V-ed ;不规则的(记不规则动词表)1. The boy went home with his homework(finish).2.(see) from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.现在分词和过去分词在语态和时间方面有较大区别：现在分词表示的意义是主动的，进行的：the girl gathering flowers (正在采花的女孩)过去分词表示的意义是被动的，完成的：the flowers gathered this morning(早晨采的花)1. 作表语:The news

5、 is very exciting. / They are very excited atthe news.2. 作定语： Don' tidturb the sleeping child. / The arrested thief will be sentenced soon.3. 作宾补： He likes to sit on the beach and watch the seagulls flying. / The work left everyone exhausted.注:有些动词如see, hear, feel, notice, watch等既可跟现在分词，也可跟 不带to

6、的不定式作复合宾语。它们的区别在于：现在分词着重说明动作正在发 生；不定式着重说明动作的全过程I saw the boys climbing the wall.我看见孩子在爬墙。I saw the boys climb the wall.我看见孩子爬墙了。4. 作状语:They stood there waiting for the busHearing the knock on the door, they stopped talking.Asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.Compare:(follo

7、w) the old man, we went upstairs2.(follow) by the old man, we went upstairs.三、动名词 (V-ing)1.作主语和表语动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作 ，在口语中也可以表示具体的 动作。如：Seeing is believing. / My hobby is collecting stamps.注:在 “It is no use (goo携习惯表达法中，常用形式主语“it ”It is no use quarreling with her. /Is it worthwhile trying again?作宾语

8、在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词 或代词作宾语，则构成“alloVadvise/forbid/permit +名词/代词+不定式(宾语补足 语)”之形式。如：We don't allow(smoke) hereWe don't allow anybody(smoke) here3.作介词宾语Have you got used to working on the night shift (值班)？3 / 11Children are fond of reading detective stories.注某些习惯用法中，常

9、省略介词，仅保留动名词He is busy （in） preparing a report.They spent a lot of time （in） making preparation.We had great difficulty / trouble （in） finding his house.非谓语动词需要注意的几个问题：（一）、不定式的逻辑主语一般的结构为for+名词+不定式，如：It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese. I found it impossible him to do the job alone.但在表示人物

10、性格，特征等的形容词后kind, brave, careful, clever, foolish,honest, kind, polite, rude, stupid, wise,常用 of 引出不定式的逻辑主语，如：It was wise of him to do that.It was very brave him tocatch the thief.（二）、不定式的主动式还是被动式作定语时，当句中出现的名词或代词是不定式动作的执行者时，用主动式I have a meeting to attend.The teacher gave John a book toread,若不定式动作执行者不

11、是上述情况，而是其他人，用被动态：Here are theclothes to be washed（三）、有些动词虽然既可跟不定式又可跟动名词作宾语，但意义差别较大如；a） remember to do （记住要做某事）， remember doing （记得曾做过 某事）b） forget to do （忘记要做某事）， forget doing （忘记曾做过某事）c） regret to do （因要做某事感到不安），regret doing （因做了某事感到后悔）（四）、分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词 做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，凡表示

12、令人的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示 感到都用-ed形式。这类词常见的有：interesting令人感兴趣的-interested感到有趣的；exciting令人激动的-excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的-delighted感到高兴的；disappointing令人失望的-disappointed感到失望的（五）、 admit, advise, avoid, can't help, consider, delay, deny, escape, enjoy, finish, feel like, imagine, mind, practise, risk, sugges

13、殍动词以及所有带介词的短语 动词后面只能跟动名词做宾语。The boy was lucky enough to escape being punished.（六）、look forward to, pay attention to, stick to, devoteto, makecontributions to, get/be used to, object to中的to是介词，因而其后接动名词做宾 语，不要误用动词不定式。1 1） I'm looking forward to seeing you again.2 2） Mr. Reed made up his mind to de

14、vote all he had to setting up some schools for poor children.（七）、主动形式表示被动意义动词want, need, require后作宾语的动名词的主动形式。这时句中的动名词 与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。例：The TV set wants （ / needs / requires）fixing.=The TV set wants （ / needs / requires） to be fixed.5 / 11 形容词worth后接的v -ing的主动形式。例：The film is worth seeing.某些作表语的形容词

15、(如easy, difficult, hard等)后接的不定式主动形式。 例：This question is easy to answer. ( = To answer this question is easy)语法填空-高考真题回顾(一)、全国卷：真题再练：在下列各句空白处填入所给词的正确形式，并说明理由。1.(2015 卷 I 68) Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 de

16、stinations in the world.3 .(2015卷 II 61) The adobe dwellings比坯房)(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by4 .(2015卷 II 64) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to“ air condition “ a house without _electric equipment

17、.5 .(2015卷 II 66) When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough(cool) the house during the hot day.6 .(2014 卷 I - 65) But the river wasn ' t changed in a few days or even a few mor It took years of work(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.7 .(

18、2014 卷 I 68) While there are(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.8 .(2014卷 II 41) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about (be) late for school.9 .(2014卷 II 43) There

19、 were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and(disappoint).10 .(2014 卷 II 46) I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused (stop) until we reached the next stop.语法填空-强化训练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：We often provide our children with toys, footballs or

20、 basketballs, (think) that all children likethese things. (05 全国二)(face) with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss foradvice. (05北京春招)I couldn't do my homework with all that noise(go ) on.(05北京)4. With everything he needed(buy), he left the supermarket.5. With too much work( do

21、), I can' t go out with you.6. The building(build) now will be a restaurant.7. The building(build) next year will be a restaurant.8. The building(build) last year is a restaurant.9. Don't sit there(do) nothing. Come and help me with this table.10. All these gifts must be mailed immediately s

22、o as to(receive) in time for Christmas.11. Lessons(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.7 / 1112. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and(collect) coins also gives him great pleasure.13. is never willing to change his mind. It's no use(argue) with him.14. He was the only fore

23、igner( get ) such an honor yesterday.15. I can't stand(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses (stop) talking while she works.短文错误-高考真题回顾1. (2015 新课标卷 II) After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that 2. (2013 新课标卷 II) Have tea in the late afternoon provides

24、a bridge between lunch and dinner.3. (2012 新课标卷)My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience, I could make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.短文错误-强化训练（1） David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car.(全国卷)（2） David poi

25、nted to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village.(全国卷)（3） I went back to get David and helped him to stood up.(全国卷)（4） Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building.(全国卷)（5） Modern people know more about health, have better food, and to live in clearer

26、 surroundings.(全国卷)（6） The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world.（7） you pay the cost of send a postcard the librarian will write to you.（全国卷）（8） and let you to know when the book you want has returned （全国卷）（9） I want to thank you again for h

27、ave me in your home for the summer holidays.（全国卷）（10） I had always wanted return to the village after moving away.（全国卷）（11） It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.（全国卷）（12） I look forward to hear from you soon. （全国卷）（13） Play football not only makes us

28、grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of （全国卷）（14） I was often a little tired after a day's work and watch TV demands、little effort.（全国卷）（16） I 'll spend the whole weekend reading and preparerfit. （d匕京春季卷）高中英语辅导-基础篇参考答案一、动词不定式：4.如，laugh 如，to write 5. to get二、分词（17） -ing 形式 1. Bei

29、ng poor 2. playing 3. being disscussed 4. being left 5. Having worked（二）过去分词 finished Seen9 / 114.作状语 1. Following 2. Followed三、 动名词 2. smoking; to smoke需要注意的几个问题：（一）、不定式的逻辑主语for语法填空-高考真题回顾（一）、全国卷：1. conducted 2. living 3. built 4. using 5. to cool6. to reduce 7. amazing 8. being 9. disappointed 10. to stop语法填空-强化训练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：1. think