无主句翻译技巧

1、. 无主句翻译技巧.无主句的特点 在汉语中，在汉语中，只有谓语部分而没有主语部分的句子叫做无主句只有谓语部分而没有主语部分的句子叫做无主句。 这里所谓的无主句，并不是省略了主语的句子，而是在汉语习惯上这里所谓的无主句，并不是省略了主语的句子，而是在汉语习惯上就这么讲、这么写就这么讲、这么写 。 至于其主语到底是什么，往往很难确定。至于其主语到底是什么，往往很难确定。 但是这种句子在任何语言环境下都能表达完整明确的意思，如：但是这种句子在任何语言环境下都能表达完整明确的意思，如：“房子前面有一棵树，树下拴着一头老牛房子前面有一棵树，树下拴着一头老牛”，“刮风了，要下雨刮风了，要下雨了了”，“要吃

2、什么，尽管跟我说要吃什么，尽管跟我说”等等。等等。.无主句的翻译方法 添加适当的代词或名词充当主语添加适当的代词或名词充当主语 用用 “it” 充当主语充当主语 采用英语的被动结构译出采用英语的被动结构译出 采用采用 “There be”结构译出结构译出 汉语祈使句译成英语祈使句汉语祈使句译成英语祈使句 将非主语成分转为主语将非主语成分转为主语.：adding subjects松下问童子，言师采药去。只在此山中，云深不知处。（我）松下问童子，（童子）言师采药去。（师傅）只在此山中，云深（童子）不知处。.Failing to Meet a HermtI asked the boy beneath

3、 the pines.He said, The masters gone alone,Herb-picking somewhere on the mount.Cloud-hidden, whereabouts unknown. 林语堂.山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。 There is a poem from the Southern Song Dynasty that reads: After endless mountains and rivers that leave doubt whether there is a path out, suddenly one encounters t

4、he shade of a willow, bright flowers and a lovely village.“ Hillary Clinton.生当做人杰，死亦为鬼雄。We should live as an outstanding person, and die as an outstanding ghost.Be man of men while you are alive,And soul of souls if you were dead.（虚拟语气用过去时态） 许渊冲.NBA 全明星赛 star of starsCellphone of cellphones单 of 复 表示

5、的是这个【复数所指的东西】中最好的Man of menSoul of souls.十点钟了，他还没有回来。 Its ten oclock now. He didnt return home yet.不是因为不存在问题，而是因为看不见问题。 It is not that the problem is not there; it is just not visible.：Using the empty subject “it”Using the empty subject “it”. 要成功，就要付出劳动。 It will cost one / you a lot of effort to suc

6、ceed in anything.青天白日点灯笼 白费蜡。 It is not necessary to light a candle to the sun. 必须保证产品质量。 The quality of product must be guaranteed. 去年发现了一种稀有元素。 A rare element was found last year.： Translating into English passive sentences Translating into English passive sentences. 封面上印着一个猎人的像。 The figure of a h

7、unter was printed on the cover. 没有爱心，就无法了解人生。 Life cannot be understood without much charity. Translating into English “There be” . Translating into English “There be” structurestructure 没有顺利，无所谓困难；没有困难，也无所谓顺利。没有顺利，无所谓困难；没有困难，也无所谓顺利。 Without facility, there would be no difficulty; without difficulty

8、, there would also be no facility. Without facility, there would be no difficulty, and vice versa.（省略） 不努力就不会成功。不努力就不会成功。 There is no success without effort. Translating into English imperative sentences. Translating into English imperative sentences 此处不准抽烟！ No smoking! 中华人民共和国万岁 Long live the Peopl

9、es Republic of China! 不自由，毋宁死。 Give me liberty or give me death. . 对什么人说什么话。 Speak different words to different people. 量体裁衣，看菜吃饭。 Fit the dress to the figure and fit the appetite to the dishes Act according to the actual circumstances. . Converting the non-subject part into subject. Converting the

10、non-subject part into subject在那桃花盛开的地方，有我可爱的故乡。My lovely hometown lies (in the place) where peach flowers are in blossom.有你的份。Youve got your share. 只准州官放火，不准百姓点灯。 The magistrates are free to burn down houses, while the common people are forbidden even to light lamps. One man may steal a horse, while another may not look over the hedge. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 Nothing is difficult in the world if one puts his heart to it. Nothing in the world is difficult for the on