初中英语语法现在完成时练习试题和答案

1、专业资料一、时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have +过去分词构成，助动词 have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式I have not (haven ' t) studied .Have I studied You have not (haven ' t) studied .Have you studied?He has not (hasn ' t) studied .Has he s

2、tudied 否定疑问式简单回答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven't I) studiedYes, you have. No, you haven ' t.Have you not (Haven't you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I haven' t.Has he not (Hasn't he) studiedYes, he has. No, he hasn' t.(2)用法：1)现在完成时通常表示在 说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的 结果或影响。My daugh

3、ter has just gone out.我女儿刚出去。I ' m sure we ' ve met before.我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到了。2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用， 如 recently, already, just,lately, for ，since ，yet 等。如：I haven ' t heard from her these days.这些日子我没有收到她的信。We haven' t seen you recently.最近我们没有见到你。They have

4、 been away for two years.他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday.注意：a) since和for的区别since 后接时间点，如 1993, last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久"，如 ten years, a while, two days 等。 Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland three

5、 days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.8. Mike has been ill a lo

6、ng time. He has been in hospital October.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成 时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说:He has come here for 2 weeks. xThe old man has died for 4 months.xThey have left only for 5 minutes.x以上三句话可以改为:for 4 months.He has been here for 2 weeks.The

7、 old man hasThey have only for 5 minutes2） have （has） been 和 have （has） gone 的区别：表示“曾到过某地"要用 "have （has） been"表示“已经去某地"要用 "have （has） gone "。试比较：Where has he been?他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Where has he gone?他上哪儿去了 ？（人不在）They have been to Canada.他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone t

8、o Canada.他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two daysago, just now, when I camein ,但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。I haven ' t read it yet.我还没读过这个。I have met

9、 him before. 我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street.我经常在街上看见他。They have n ever been to Yan ' an. 他们从未去过延安。I haven't seen him lately.我近来没看到他。BaseFormPast FormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroug

10、htbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtIrregular Verbscatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflownrunranrungetgotgotsaysaidsaidgivegavegivenseesawseengowentgonesellsoldsoldgrowgrewgrownsendsentsenthavehadhad

11、singsangsunghearheardheardsinksank/sunksunkkeepkeptkepttaketooktakenleaveleftleftteachtaughttaughtloselostlostwritewrotewrotemakemademadeam, iswasbeenputputputarewerebeenreadreadreadExercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I already(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2. he(finish) his

12、work today? Not yet.3. My father just(come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Where ' s Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher ' s office.5. I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6. So far I(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long the Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I just(finish) my home

13、work.9. He(go) to school on foot every day.10. you(find) your science book yet?11. If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12. The students(read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey(climb) the tree.14. My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it

14、 anywhere?II. Choose the best answer.1. How long have you here?A. comeB. got C. arrivedD. been2. My grandpa died.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was 6.D. never beenB. since C. for D.3. Jane has to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. went4. It is ten yea

15、rs I last saw her. A. afterthat5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buyC. are, havingD. have, had7. -Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and I frien

16、ds since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have turnedword完美格式8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?-Sorry. He the Bainiao Park.A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will

17、go to10.-you ever to the US?-Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, beenC, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before.（改为否定句）I been to Macau before.2. He hasn' t come to school because he was ill.（就划线部分提问）he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.（用 just 改写）

18、I justa new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.（改为同义句 ）We English three years5. He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑问句）6. They have been here since 2000：-，（ 对划线部分提问）have they been here?（动7. The old man last year. He has for a year. （die）词填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.（同义句转换）Miss Gao has an h

19、our ago.Ask the questions1) I have been there for two days.you?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3) He left here yesterday.4) They bought a book two hours ago. they a book?Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since" to fill in the blanks.1. I have seen him before, so I ha

20、ve no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ""No, I have seen it.5. “Has the bus left?”"Yes, it has left.一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2 .我刚刚丢了我的化学书。3 .我以前从来没去过那个农场。4 .他已经吃过午饭5 .你已经看过这部电影了吗？6 .我哥哥还没回来。7 .这本字典

21、我已买了三年了。8 .他离开中国三年了。9 .我认识他们五年了。10 .他们已去了美国五年了。11 .自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。12 .我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。13 .自从1999年以来他们就认识。14 .我来到这个学校已 3年多了。1.two years5.yesterday8.an hour ago11.she left here二、用 since 和for 填空2.two years ago3.last month 4.19996.4 o ' clo ck 74 hours9.we were children 10.lunch time12. He has lived

22、in Nanjing the year before last.13. I ' ve known him we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.15. She has been away from the city about ten years.16. It ' s about ten years she left the city.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / com

23、e / go / move to spfbe in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for .2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since. 3) I went homeyesterday. I home for .4) They came here last week. They here since. come to / go back to / return

24、tof be back to go outf be out1) He came out two years ago.He for.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We to Beijing since. become f be1) I became a teacher in 2000. I a teacher for .2) The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for. close f be closed openf be open1) The shop closed two hours ago

25、. The shop for2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door forsix hours. get up - be up ; die - be dead ; leave sp. f be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleepf be asleep ; finish / end f be over ； marry f bemarried ; 1) I got up two hours ago.I since.2) He left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai

26、for fiveminutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa for.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I since.6) They married in 1990. They since. start / begin to do sth.f do sth. ； begin f be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I at this scho

27、ol since.2) The film began two minutes ago. The film for. borrow f keep ; lose f not have ; buy f have ; put on f wear catch / get a cold f have a cold ; get to know f know1) They borrowed it last week.They it since.2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I a pen for.3) I got to know him last year. I him s

28、ince.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I my glasses for . have / has gone to f have been in He has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the armyfbe a league member /a Party member / a soldier f be a member of the league / the Party fbe in the league / the Part

29、y / the army 1) He joined the league in 2002.He a for two years.He a the for two years.He the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for.My brother in for two years.四、划线提问1) I have been there for two days.you 2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3

30、) He left here yesterday. he?4) They bought a book two hours ago. they a book五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei?B: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?C: I'm afraid he won ' t come back recently.A: Co

31、uld you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I never there.A: How many times Li Fei to that place?B: He there only once.六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to及 go 的各种形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He his country.2) David the park just now.3) John England since he came back.4) How long they this vil

32、lage?5) The Smiths Beijing for years.6)you ever America? - Yes, I there many times.7) I this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He the farm.9) When he? He an hour ago.10) Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I there before.11) Where you now? - I to the zoo.12) He often swimming

33、.13) you there last year?14) they often skating in winter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ”"No, I have seen it. ”

34、5. "Has the bus left?”“Yes, it has left. ”八.用适当的时态填空：1.She' s (live) here ever since she was ten.1.80 th of them(be) in Hongkong for ten days.1.81 th of them(come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour(pass) since the train (leave).5. Mary(lose) her pen.you(see) it here and there?6. you(

35、find) your watch yet?7. 一Areyou thirsty? 一No I just (have) some orange.8. We - already(return) the book.9. they (build) a new school in the village?10. I(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father(read) the novel twice.12. I(buy) a book just now.13. I(lost ) my watch yesterday.14. Myfat

36、her (read) this book since yesterday.参考答案:1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 1

37、4. is coming 15. Have, seen Keys: 1. Howlong have, been there 2. Howlong has, lived here 3. Whendid, leave here 4. When did, buyKeys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already现在完成时态练习题答案一.翻译下列句子：1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?2. I have just lost my chemist

38、ry book.3. I have never been to the farm before.4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet?6. My brother hasn ' t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn' treturned yet.7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago.8. Has

39、 been away from China for three years.9. I have known them for five years.10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has beenin college for three years.13. They have known each other

40、since 1999.14. I have been in this school for over three years.二、用 since 或者for 填空1. for 2. since3. since 4. since5. since6. since 7. for8 since9.since10. since11. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for16. since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语 1. has been in , five minutes2. have been in , 20083. have

41、 been at, two days4. have been , last week 1. have been out, two years2. have been back , yesterday 1. have been , nine years2. has been , two years 1. has been closed , two hours2. has been open 1. have been up , two hours ago2. has been away from3. has been dead , seven years4. has been over5. have been asleep , two hours ago6. have been married , 1990 1. have taught , 19952. has been