做高考英语完形填空的基本方法

1、做高考英语完形填空的基本方法1. 语境推测法近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是-重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，区分文章的结构层次和文章的内在逻辑关系，同时认真比较所给选项，并从中选最符合语境的答案。2.语法分析法尽管近几年的高考完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，很少(或几乎不)考查纯语法知识，但是借助语法分析来帮助理解句子、推测语境、判断搭配等，这却是必不可少的。所以，考生在遇到疑难复杂的句子时，应充分利用所学语法知识进行分析处理，以免因理解上的差错而选错答案。3.

2、 常识推断法语境的判断在许多情况下需借助常识的判断，所以考生在做题时还应充分结合自己作为一名中学生所应该具备的常识进行合理推测。如车在转弯时，车速要放慢；人累了就要休息；学习不用功，考试就不能及格等，这都是常识问题。不过这里也请注意，若是在这类语言环境下，作者用了but, however 之类的表示转折的词语，情况则可能完全相反，如人累了却不休息；车在转弯时，车速却偏要加快等。4. 习语搭配法英语中，一些固定的句型和短语结构既是学习的一个难点，也是完形填空的一个常考考点。做题时应注意所填空之词与空格前后词语的习惯搭配。如：I started surfing about five years a

3、go and _ in love with the sport on the very first day.A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell此题应选D，因为fall in love with 是习惯搭配，意为爱上、喜欢上。5. 比较择优法即根据文章内容和上下文的情景，通过比较所给选项，从中选出最佳答案。6. 错误排除法有些题目通过正面的选择一时难以确定最佳选项，可尝试使用排除法，即从文章语境、词语搭配、语法结构、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析比较，排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。7. 先易后难法由于完形填空题是在一篇短文中挖去一些词，且绝大多数是

4、一些实词，所以文章读起来肯定有一些难度。考生在做题时，千万不能不分难易地把所有试题一次搞定，而应尝试使用先易后难的方法。即顺着文章思路，根据自己对文章的理解，一边读一边把容易做的、有把握的先做好，对于一时没有把握的难题，可以暂时跳过去或初拟一个答案，说不定后面会有对这道题的提示。把容易的做好后，文章空格也随之减少，整篇文章的意思也就会变得更清晰，这时难题也许就会变为易题了。请看下面一篇填空题：It was all his own idea, says Pat, the wife of California high school football coach Bob Peters. Bob h

5、ad. _1_ made a motherhood contract-declaring that for 70 days this summer he would _2_ the care of their four children and all the housework. _3_ he didnt even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was very confident.After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to _4_. I was beaten down, admits Bob, N

6、ot only is motherhood a _5_ task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.Bob and Pat were married in 1991. After they married, Pat _6_ a secretary to help put him through university. _7_ Bob has been the football coach while Pat raised the kids. _8_ two years ago Pat went back to work. I

7、 had been _9_ children so much, she _10_, I couldnt talk to a grown-up. She continued to run the household, _11_ -until Bob signed the contract.Bob tried hard to learn cooking, but the meals he prepared were _12_. For the last three weeks, the family _13_ a lot-sometimes having MacDonalds hamburgers

8、 for lunch and dinner._14_ housekeeping, a home economics teacher had told Bob that a room always looks clean _15_ the bed is made. I found _16_ I shut the doors, he says. Soon the kids were wearing their shirts inside out. When we went to _17_ Pat at work, I made them wear their shirts _18_ side ou

9、t so they would look clean.Now that Bob has publicly _19_ he was wrong, he is _20_ the child-raising and household tasks with Pat.1. A. only B. just C. nearly D. ever2. A. stick to B. set about C. think about D. take over3. A. If B. As C. Since D. Although4. A. carry on B. give up C. break down D. f

10、ind out5. A. strange B. pleasant C. difficult D. serious6. A. sent B. employed C. learned from D. worked as7. A. In time B. Before long C. Since then D. Later on8. A. Then B. Thus C. So D. Still9. A. near B. after C. about D. around10. A. insists B. sighs C. jokes D. apologizes11. A. besides B. ther

11、efore C. however D. otherwise12. A. terrible B. tasty C. expensive D. special13. A. starved B. traveled C. worked out D. ate out14. A. Due to B. As for C. Along with D. Except for15. A. until B. before C. if D. unless16. A. an easier way B. a cheaper way C. a cleaner way D. a harder way17. A. receiv

12、e B. welcome C. greet D. fetch18. A. good B. wrong C. right D. opposite19. A. admitted B. suggested C. agreed D. explained20. A. operating B. realizing C. sharing D. performing答案与解析：本文讲述丈夫Bob与妻子Pat签订一份协约-暑假照顾小孩和做家务活70天。最后以失败告终，Bob不得不公开承认错误。1. B 根据后半句他将要接替照看小孩和料理家务可知，这份母亲职责契约是刚签不久的。2. D 根据下文可知，他们结婚以来

13、一直是Pat承担家务，今年夏天将由Bob来做这些事，当然是接管、接替了。3. D由两分句间的逻辑关系决定的。句意是：尽管签约时他连make coffee都不会，但是他却很有信心。4. B 根据I was beaten down和admits推知，他认输了(give up)。5. C 根据it is an impossible job for any normal human being可知这是件非常困难的事。6. D 根据to help put him through university(为了帮助他完成大学学业)可知，Pat是做秘书工赚钱。7. C 根据谓语动词的时态has been极易判断

14、。since (自.以后，一直.)短语通常与完成时连用，而in time(及时、迟早)和before long(=soon)常与一般过去时或将来时连用，later on(后来)常与一般过去时连用。8. A 根据前后无因果关系，可排除B和C；又根据语境可知是表承接关系填then（然后），而still意为然而，不过，在此不符。9. D 根据句意，只有around适合。我那时候总是围着小孩转.10. B 根据她所说的总是围着小孩子转，没有一个大人说话，显然是在叹息。11. C 前后是转折关系。虽然如此之辛苦，然而还是继续操劳家务，直到Bob签约前。12. A 根据前面Bob tried hard to learn cooking, but.从转折连词but可判断答案。13. D 由后文sometimes having MacDonalds hamburgers for lunch and dinner可知。14. B 前面谈cooking，现在谈housekeeping，用以引出另一方面的事情，当然用至于(as for)较合适。15. C 根据常识可选出正确答案。除用if外，其它三项均不合事理。16. A 根据I shut the doors (门一关)可推知，不用