商务英语Unit7

1、Unit 7 Money MattersWarm-up. Areyouquickaboutnumbers?Trythefollowingexercises:Trytomatchthephraseandthefigures.Listentotherecordingandcompletetheinformationmissingfromareportofacompanysfinancialperformance. Use the information you now have to work out the following amounts: a) the rise in net profit

2、s in the first half of the year b) the difference in overall group sales in the first six months c) the fall in sales for wines and spirits d) the increase in operating profits for luggage and leather products e) the difference in sales of perfumes and cosmetics ContentsnDifferent currencynMoney mat

3、ters within a companynMoney matters between companiesnChasing payment and cash flow7.1 Different currencyHow can you change foreign currency if you go abroad?a.Traveling ChecktravelingvisaBankofChina(exchangerateofthatveryday)thecheckBankin*Countryforeigncashservicecharge1%ofthecheckb.Account Cardc.

4、 Cash (lessthen$50,000)7.2 Money maters within a company STATEMENT OF GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSESFortheyearendedDecember31,2002*CompanyITEMS THIS YEARS THIS YEARS LAST YEARS PLAN ACTUAL ACTUAL company expenses including: salaries and wages depreciation repairs and maintenance supplies consum

5、ed amortization of low cost and short lived articles labor protection office expenses traveling expenses insurance other labor union dues board of directorsexpenses consulting fees litigation fees ITEMS THIS YEARS THIS YEARS LAST YEARS PLAN ACTUAL ACTUAL entertainment expenses taxes land occupancy f

6、ee technology transfer fee amortization of intangible assets amortization of other assets staff and workers training expenses research and development expenses bad debts others TOTAL 7.3 Money matters between companies Event: receipt of money payment of money (delivering goods) (receiving goods) Doc

7、uments involved: invoice BL insurance LCInvoice (发票发票/装货清单）装货清单）n1.Definition n2. Categories of invoicenCommon Commercial InvoicenCustoms Invoice （海关发票）海关发票）nProforma Invoice （形式发票）形式发票）nConsular Invoice （领事发票）领事发票）nEtc.3. Items of an invoice(1) Seller (Name Address VAT Reg. No) (3) Invoice No. and

8、Date (TAX Point) (4) Sellers Reference(5) Buyers Reference (6) Consignee(7) Buyer ( if not the Consignee) (8) Country of Origin of Goods(9) Country of Destination (10) Terms of Delivery and Payment(11)vessel/Aircraft etc (12) Port of loading(13)Port of discharge (14) Marks and Numbers: Number and Ki

9、nd of packages: Description of Goods(15)Gross Weight (16) Cube(17)Specification of Commodities (18) Quantity(19)Amount (State Currency) (20) TOTAL(21)Name of Signatory (22) Place and Date of Issue(23)Signature(24) It is hereby certified that this invoice shows the actual price of the goods described

10、, that no other invoice has been or will be issued, and that all particulars are true and correct.Lets see a real example!nImaginethatyouandyourpartnerhavebeenworkingintheAccountsDepartmentofFinntecfortwoweeks.YourbossMsAaltiohasaskedyoutofillintheinvoiceforFrigorificoAmeglioS.A.Usethefollowingthree

11、documentstobillandinvoicetheclient.I. FINNECP.O.Box325SF-33200Tampere PRICE LIST 2003 Item:SensorSwitchesTypePriceTypePriceA3A$1.50A6D$1.8010%discountonbulkorders20grossplusFinntecII.P.O.Box325SF-33200TampereTelefax:+35831134845YourRef:CustomerNo.:645FortheattnofG.Aaltio20January2003Thanksforyourquo

12、tation9302.Wewishtoorder35grossofTypeA6DSwitches.Pleasedeliverasap.Sincerely,Julio MartinezJulioMartinezCustomerNo.:645 III.Order:03764Quantityitems:35 grossAddress:Frigorifico Ameglio S.A. Colonia 1023, Motevideo, UruguayDescriptionofmerchandise:sensor switches type A6D Methodofpaymentagreed: FOB H

13、elsinkiMoreproblems:nFinntech have only delivered 25 gross switches, instead of 35 gross ordered.nThe Accounts Department of Frigorifico Ameglio S.A. have paid for the 25 gross at the old price, i.e.$1.60 each.nYouve noticed the discrepancy of the old price ($1.60 ) and the new price ($1.80 ). Would

14、 you please find out: 1.HowmuchhastheAccountsDepartmentofFrigorificoAmeglioS.A.paid?2.Whatisthecorrectpriceforthe25gross?3.Howmuchdoestheamountontheinvoicesay?4.HowmuchshouldtheAccountsDepartmentofFrigorificoAmeglioS.A.stillhavetopaytofillinthedifference?Keys: 1. $5,184.00 2. $5,832.00 3. $8,164.80

15、4. $648.00 B/L (Marine Bill of Lading)nDefinition: A bill of lading, is a receipt for goods shipped on board a vessel, signed by the person ( or his agent ) who contracts to carry them, and stating the conditions in which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship. goodsthe carrier（承运人） th

16、e shipper（托运人）. B/LnFunctions: *receiptforthegoods*documentoftitle*evidenceofcontractofcarriagen提单的主要关系人是签订运输合同的双方：托运人和承运人。托运人即货方，承运人即船方。其他关系人有收货人和被通知人等。收货人通常是货物买卖合同中的买方，提单由承运人经发货人转发给收货人，收货人持提单提货，被通知人是承运人为了方便货主提货的通知对象，可能不是与货权有关的当事人。如果提单发生转让，则会出现受让人、持有人等提单关系人。 nCategories: * on board B/L or shipped B

17、/L(已装船提单） received for shipment B/L（备运提单） * clean B/L （清洁提单） unclean B/L （不清洁提单） e.g. ironstrap loose or missing * straight B/L （记名提单） order B/L （指示提单）e.g. to order of * direct B/L （直运提单） transhipment B/L （转船提单） through B/L （联运提单）(海海海陆海空） * long form B/L （全式提单）（正面背面都有） short form B/L （略式提单）Insurance

18、 (Ocean marine cargo insurance)nBasic categories of Marine Risks: 1. Perils of sea （海上风险）naturalcalamitye.g.typhoon, hurricane, tsunami, etc.fortuitousf:tjuits 】accidentse.g. fire, explosion, striking the reef, etc. 2. Extraneous risks （外来风险）e.g. thief, strike, etc.nBasic categories of loss: 1. Tota

19、l lossactualtotalloss（实际全损）constructivetotalloss（推定全损）（有的可以修复可是修复价超过了报价了所以就采取全损） 2. Partial lossgeneralaverage（共同海损）（货物受损时为挽救货物付出的费用，各方一起）particularaverage（单独海损）nBasic Insurance for Marine Risks by C.I.C.: 1. F.P.A (Free from Particular Average)平安险平安险 （全部海损）（全部海损） 2. W.A. / W.P.A. (With Average / Wi

20、th Particular Average) 水渍险水渍险 全部海损外加单独海损全部海损外加单独海损 3. (All Risks) 一切险一切险nInsurance Policy (保险单保险单) 1. Insurance Policy（正式保单正式保单/大保单）大保单） 2. Insurance Certificate（保险凭证保险凭证/小保单）小保单） 3. Combined Certificate（联合凭证发票保险单）联合凭证发票保险单） 4. Open Policy/Cover（预约保单预约保单/总保单总保单）n（一）平安险本保险负责赔偿：1、被保险货物在运输途中由于恶劣气候、雷电、海

21、啸、地震、洪水自然灾害造成整批货物的全部损失或推定全损。当被保险人要求赔付推定全损时，须将受损货物及其权利委付给保险公司。被保险货物用驳船运往或运离海轮的，每一驳船所装的货物可视作一个整批。推定全损是指被保险货物的实际全损已经不可避免，或者恢复、修复受损货物以及运送货物到原订目的地的费用超过该目的地的货物价值。2、由于运输工具遭受搁浅、触礁、沉没、互撞、与流冰或其他物体碰撞以及失火、爆炸意外事故造成货物的全部或部份损失。3、在运输工具已经发生搁浅、触礁、沉没、焚毁意外事故的情况下，货物在此前后又在海上遭受恶劣气候、雷电、海啸等自然灾害所造成的部份损失。4、在装卸或转运时由于一件或数件整件货物落

22、海造成的全部或部份损失。5、被保险人对遭受承保责任内危险的货物采取抢救、防止或减少货损的措施而支付的合理费用，但以不超过该批被救货物的保险金额为限。6、运输工具遭遇海难后，在避难港由于卸货所引起的损失以及在中途港，避难港由于卸货，存仓以及运送货物所产生的特别费用。7、共同海损的牺牲、分摊和救助费用。8、运输契约订有“船舶互撞责任”条款，根据该条款规定应由货方偿还船方的损失。（二）水渍险除包括上列平安险的各项责任外，本保险还负责被保险货物由于恶劣气候、雷电、海啸、地震、洪水自然灾害所造成的部份损失。（三）一切险除包括上列平安险和水渍险的各项责任外，本保险还负责被保险货物在运输途中由于外来原因所致

23、的全部或部分损失。nLC (Letter of Credit)信用证信用证n1. Definition LC is the most commonly used method of payment for imports. Exports can be sure that they will be paid when they dispatch the goods and importers have proof that the goods have been dispatched according to their instructions. The letter is an inter

24、-bank communication. The two banks take full responsibility that both shipment and payments are in order.n2. Different kinds of LC *IrrevocableLC/RevocableLC（不可撤销/可撤销）*ConfirmedLC/UnconfirmedLC（保兑/不保兑）*TransferableLC/UntransferableLC（转让/不可转让）*SightLC/UsanceLC（即期/远期）*CleanLC/DocumentaryLC（光票/跟单）3. Pa

25、rties involved in LCn1 Applicant is the party who applies for the opening of a letter of credit, that it, the importer.n2 Opening bank (开证行开证行) is the bank located in the importers country that opens the letter of credit on behalf of the importer. By issuing a credit, the bank assumes full responsib

26、ility for payment after the proper drafts and documents have been presented.n3 Advising bank （通知行）通知行）is the bank located in the exporters country who informs the exporter that a letter of credit has been opened in his favor and transfers the L/C to the exporter. It is usually the correspondent of t

27、he issuing bank.n4 Beneficiary（受益人）受益人） is the party in whose favor the letter of credit is issued , and who is entitled to receive the payment, that is, the exporter.n5 Negotiating bank （议付行）议付行）is the bank who buys an exporters draft submitted to it under a letter of credit and then forwards the d

28、raft and documents to the opening bank for reimbursement（偿付）偿付）. Usually the advising bank is also the negotiating bank.n6 Paying bank （偿付行）偿付行）is the bank that makes payment to the beneficiary against presentation of stipulated documents. It is usually the opening bank but can also be a third desig

29、nated bank. n7 Frequently, an advising bank is requested to add its own commitment（义务）义务） to the letter of credit. In this case, it is called the confirming bank（保兑保兑/承兑行）承兑行）.4. Process of using LCn1 Importer and exporter agree a sales contract and the terms of the Documentary Credit.n2 Importer as

30、ks their bank to open a Documentary Credit in the exporters favor.n3 The importers bank (the issuing bank) sends a Letter of Credit to a bank in the exporters country (the advising bank).n4 The exporter presents the shipping documents to the advising bank as proof that the shipment has been dispatch

31、ed. If everything is in order, they are paid.n5 The negotiating bank sends the documents to the issuing/paying bank.n6 The paying bank sends the documents to the importer, who uses them to obtain delivery of the goods. Practice with your partner!ExporterThe Advising/Notifying BankThe Negotiating Ban

32、kImporterThe Issuing BankThe Paying Bank(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)Reimbursement(8)(1)(9)What does an LC contain?n1. The name and address of the importern2. The expiry daten3. Precise instructions as to the documents against which payments is to be made e.g.Documentsrequired:1.Commercialinvoiceinquadruplicate2.Insurancepolicy/certificateinduplicatecoveringmarineandwarrisksfor110percentoftheinvoicevaluen4. The terms of contract and shipment e.g.Cost