非谓语动词例题讲解及练习

1、 非谓语动词例题讲解及练习 一.非谓语动词的两变非谓语动词也叫非限定动词 ,也就是说没有受到人称与数的限定。动词的时态 ,谓语动词有三变即 ,时态 ,语态与主谓一致三个方面的变化 ,而非谓语动词没有一致的要求 ,因此 ,非谓语动词只有时态与语态两种变化。大家都知道 ,非谓语动词有三种最根本的形式即 ,过去分词 ,现在分词和不定式 ,在初中阶段这三种形式分别以done, doing和(to)do , 来代表 ,其实这三种形式不能完全反映非谓语的两变,只能表达过去 ,现在 ,将来不定式意思是不确定的意思 ,将来的事是不确定的 ,所以代表将来 ,及过去分词可表被动。非谓语动词的时态与语态全面变化如下

2、表：二解题思路：非限定动词有时态和语态两种变化 ,非限定动词的语态取决于非限定动词的逻辑主语。非限定动词作状语时 ,其逻辑主语为句子的主语；非限定动词作定语时 ,其逻辑主语为其修饰的那个词；非限定动词作宾语补语时其逻辑主语为宾语。非限定动词的时态 ,主要看其与谓语动词时间的比拟 ,看它发生在谓语动作之前 ,之后 ,还是同时发生。非限定动词在句子中的语法功能及逻辑主语 如下表：三.例题解析1. The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joining B. to join C. joined 

3、D. having joined解析：此题非谓语作定语修饰The island ,其逻辑主语为The island ,join与 the island 是被动关系 ,只有C为被动式。2. It's important for the figures _ regularly.A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated解析：此题非谓语作作介词for的宾语补语 ,其逻辑主语为the figures ,与更新 update是被动关系 ,A与B选项都有被动式 ,此题还得考虑时

4、态 ,句中有时间状语regularly ,不是指具体哪一次更新 ,所以不用完成式 ,选A。3. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ on your feet.A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept解析：此题非谓语作状语 ,其逻辑主语为you ,与keep on your feet是主动关系 ,但四个选项都是主动式 ,关键是两变中的时态 ,让你更累与站着应该是伴随着的动作 ,且不管什么时候都一样 ,固选B。4. Recently a

5、 survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared解析：此题非谓语作定语修饰survey ,这里有两个动作过程 ,一是进行调 ,二是比拟价格 ,调查这一动作是被人执行的 ,但这个调去比拟加上得主动的。C为谓语动词 ,A与C有被动式 ,固选B。5. I got to the office earlier that

6、 day, _ the 7:30 train from PaddingtonA. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught解析：此题非谓语作状语 ,其逻辑主语是I ,我赶上火车是主动关系 ,因此不能选A ,此题关键是两变中的时态变化 ,我必须先赶上这趟火车 ,才能早到办公 ,赶火车发生在谓语到达办公室前 ,所以要用完成体 ,选D。6. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.A. lose B. lost C. to l

7、ose D. having lost解析：此题非谓语作宾语补语 ,其逻辑主语是themselves ,作家们迷惑是因为单词 ,所以是被动关系 ,只有B为被动式。7. If they win the final tonight, the teams are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheered B. be cheered C. to be cheered D. were cheered解析：此题非谓语作状语 ,其逻辑主语是the teams ,队伍是由

8、热情的支持者欢呼 ,是被动关系 ,但四个选项都是被动 ,D为谓语被动式 ,不能选。从语境看 ,比赛还没有进行 ,应该是将来的事 ,所以要用不定式表将来 ,选C。8. _ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer解析：此题非谓语作状语 ,其逻辑主语为Andy ,Andy应该是演员 ,提导演提供角色给Andy ,是被动关系 ,只有C选项是被动式 ,固选C。9. Passengers are per

9、mitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried解析：此题非谓语作宾语被语 ,我们只要把原句变为主动语态 ,就可以知道其逻辑主语为Passenger ,是主动关系 ,C与D不能选。从非谓语两变中的时态来讲 ,允许某人做某事 ,应该是先得到允许再去做 ,固先A。10. The ability _an idea is as important as the idea itself.A. expressing B. e

10、xpressed C. to express D. to be expressed解析：此题非谓语作定语修饰ability这里的能力是指任何的能力 ,或指your ability,因此其逻辑主语为你或任何人 ,与表达是主动关系 ,而且ability为一种潜能 ,而不是指过去或现在在做的能力 ,固选C。11. We're having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A. to be made B

11、. being made C. made D. having been made解析：此题非谓语作定语修饰The decision ,很明显决定是被做出 ,而且会还没开 ,决定也还没有做 ,所以选A。12. This machine is very easy_ . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate解析：此题可能先把句子转换成 ,It is very easy for us _ .可知选D。13. Tom took

12、a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found解析：此题非谓语作结果状语 ,其逻辑主语为Tom ,而且先打的 ,再发现飞机已起飞 ,固选B。14. George returned after the war, only_ that his wife had left him.A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told解析：此题非谓语作结果状

13、语 ,其逻辑主语为George ,George是被告知 ,固选A。15. Pressed from his parents, and _that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized解析：此题非谓语作原因状语 ,其逻辑主语是he ,是他自己先意识到 ,固选A。四.非谓语动词考考你用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Volunteering gives you

14、a chance _changelives, including your own.2. _findthe course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.3. When we saw the road _blockwith snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.4. _knowbasic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.5. The sun began to rise

15、in the sky, _bathethe mountain in golden light.6. You cannot accept an opinion _offerto you unless it is based on facts.7. Every day _reada proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.8. _staywarm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refil

16、l it.9. Lionel Messy, _setthe record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.10. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _reduceto ruins, the city took on a new look.11. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home,

17、 there was a pile of mail _waitfor her.12. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _stand in one corner.13. I stopped the car _takea short break as I was feeling tired.14. _eatat the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.15. Let those in need _understandthat we will go all out to hel

18、p them.16. The witnesses _questionby the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.17. _not knowwhich university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.18. The airport _completenext year will help promote tourism in this area.19. In some languages, 100 words make up hal

19、f of all words _usein daily conversations.20. I got to the office earlier that day, _catchthe 7:30 train from Paddington21. They might just have a place _leaveon the writing coursewhy don't you give it a try?22.The sunlight is white and blinding, _throwhard-edged shadows on the ground.23. _hearh

20、ow others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.24. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _tellme stories till I fell asleep.25. The engine just won't start. Something seems _gowrong with it.26. _foundin the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring

21、 childrens love of art.27.Employees are not allowed _ (make) personal phone calls in the office.28.The shop assistant priced the goods before _ (put) them on the shelf.29.I shall appreciate your effort in _ (correct) this error in my bank account as soon as possible.30.Measures should be taken to avoid the negative effect _ (bring) about by unfair competition.31.The new university graduate is confident of_ (win) the post as the assistant to the managing director.32.With such a short time _ (leave),its impossible for US