小学英语知识点集锦-

1、小升初英语复习重点系统语法学习。小升初英语考试中单项选择比例占到15%-30%,同时,在其他各种题型中也都涉及到大量的语法知识。进行系统的语法的学习非常必要。重点词汇积累。词汇量:一般重点中学的小升初英语考试,都要求学生具有2000到3000的词汇量,而且要求学生能读、能听懂这些单词,甚至要求孩子会拼写。很多孩子认为小升初英语考试卷中的英文奥数题比较难,主要障碍就是很多单词不会,这样扣分之后,跟其他孩子就有差距了。实际运用能力:知识学到手会用才是关键。具体知识点:第一部分;基础知识1.字母:26个字母的大小写ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnop

2、qrstuvwxyz 2.语音:元音的发音五个元音字母:AEIOU12个单元音:长元音:/:/,/:/,/:/,/i:/,/u:/短元音:/æ/ /e/ /i/ / / / /u/ / 3.词汇:词汇量,近反义词4.句子:大小写,标点符号第二部分:语法知识一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格(一名词单复数1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为

3、i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以f 或fe结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可数名词的复数就是原型:paper, j

4、uice, water, milk, rice, tea (二名词的格(1 有生命的东西的名词所有格:a 单数后加s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirt b 以s 结尾的复数名词后加如: his friendsbags c 不以s 结尾的复数后加s childrens shoes并列名词中,如果把s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加sToms and Mikes cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车(2表示无生命东西的名词通常用of +名词来表示所有关系:如:a pi

5、cture of the classroom a map of China二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:(1不定冠词:a / an (2元音读音开头的可数名词前用an :an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / a

6、n exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson / (3定冠词:the 2. 用法:定冠词的用法:(1特指某(些人或某(些物:The ruler is on the desk. (2复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new. (3谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys arent at school. (4在序数词前:Johns birthday is February the second.(5用于固定词组中:in the morning / afternoon / evening

7、不用冠词的情况:(1专有名词前:China is a big country.(2名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.(3复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers. (4在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday. (5一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.(6球类棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He

8、plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well. (7学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.(8在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li. (9固定词组中:at noon at night by bus三、代词:人称代词,物主代词人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I(我me my(我的复数we(我们us our(我们的第二人称单数you(你you your(你的复数you(你们you your(你们的第三人称单数he(他him his(他的she(她her her(她的it(它i

9、t its(它的复数they(他们/她们/它们themtheir(他们的/她们的/它们的四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级(一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格。2.形容词加er的规则:一般在词尾加er ;以字母e 结尾,加r ;以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;以辅音字母+y结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。3.不规则形容词比较级:good-better, beautiful-more be

10、autiful (二副词的比较级1.形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动 在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better, far-farther五数词:基数词,序数词一、基数词(11-20one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen, fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty(

11、221-99 先说几十,再说几,中间加连字符。23twenty-three,34thirty-four,45fortyfive,56fifty-six,67sixty-seven,78seventy-eight,89eighty-nine,91ninety-one(3101999先说几百,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;586five hundred and eighty-six,803eight hundred and three (4l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个,第一个,前为thousand.第二个,前为million,第三个,前为billion 1,001one tho

12、usand and one18,423eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three6,260,309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000, 000,000seven hundred and fifty billion二、序数词(1一般在基数词后加theg.fourfourth,thirteenthirteenth(2不规则变化onefirst,twosecond,threethird,fivefifth,eighteighth,nine

13、ninth,twelvetwelfth(3以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加thtwentytwentieth,fortyfortieth,ninetyninetieth(4从二十一后的几十几直至几百几十几或几千几百几十几只将个位的基数词变为序数词。twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth 基数词转为序数词的口诀:基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d. 八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。六、介词:常用介词:in, on, at, behind等1.at表示时间

14、概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等。 at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午2.on 1表示具体日期。 注:(1关于"在周末"的几种表示法:at(onthe weekend-特指at(onweekends-泛指over the weekend during the weekend(2在圣诞节,应说at Christmas on Christmas 2在(刚的时候。On reaching the city he called up his parents.一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。3.in1表示"时段"、

15、"时期",在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。in(during1988(December,the 20th century在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪七、动词:动词的四种时态:(1一般现在时:一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语+be(am, is, are+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它。如:We study English. 我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes

16、 Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies (2一般过去时:动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:A、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived , danced , use

17、d 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少如study studied carrycarried worry worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少如stopped B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang , eat ate ,see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was ,are were

18、, say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt(3一般将来时:基本结构:be going to + do;will+ do. be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天. = I will go swimming tomorrow. (4现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词动词现在分词详解动词的i

19、ng形式的构成规则:一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少有:running , swimming , sitting , getting第三部分:句法1.陈述句(1肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will ea

20、t lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. (2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:Im not a student. She is not(isnt a doctor.He does not (doesnt work in a hospital. There are not (arent four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt watch TV yesterday evening.2. 疑问句一般疑问

21、句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用yes,或no来回答。特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用yes 、no来回答。3.There be句型There be 句型与have, has的区别1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is 主语是复数,be 动词用are 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not

22、, 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have(has 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人;have(has 表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语?How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语?8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:What

23、s + 介词短语?第三部分:情景交际第四部分:阅读训练第五部分:书面表达常考题型:一、听力1.听句子中的单词,或者直接听单词四会单词、词组(83个do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class play sports eat dinner when eveningget up at usually noon climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking weekend often sometimes spring summer fall

24、winter season which best swimfly kites skate make a snowman plant trees why because sleep Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. birthday uncle her date draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music clean the room write a letter write an e-mail mom grand

25、pa study fly jumpwalk run swim kangaroosleep climb fight swing drink water take pictures watch insects pick up leavesdo an experiment catch butterflies honey count insects collect leaves write a reportplay chess have a picnic六年级上册单词黑体字(16个plane ship subway science museum north south east west tonigh

26、t tomorrowtake a trip read a magazine go to the cinema magazine dictionary vapor 四会单词、词组(71个by foot bike bus train how go to school traffic traffic light traffic rule stop wait get to library post office hospital cinema bookstore where please nest to turn right left straight then next week this morn

27、ing this afternoon this evening comic book post card newspaper buy hobby ride a bike dive play the violin make kites collect stamps live(s teach(es go(es watch(esread(s does doesnt=does not singer writer actor actressartist TV reporter engineer accountant policeman salesperson cleaner where work rai

28、n cloud sun stream seed come from soil sprout plant should then 六年级下册单词四会单词(25个taller shorter stronger older younger bigger heavier longer thinner smaller have a fever hurt have a cold have a toothache have a headache have a sore throat matter sorenose tired excited angry happy bored sad三年级上册句子1. He

29、llo! Hi!2. Hello! Im Wu Yifan. Im from China.3. Whats your name?4. My names Chen Jie.5. I have a pencil. Me too.6. Good morning. Good afternoon.7. This is Miss White. Nice to meet you. 8. Where are you from? Im from America.9. Lets go to school. OK. 10. . How many cakes? One cake11. How are you? Im

30、fine, thank you. 12. Lets paint. Great 13. I like green. Me too. 14. I have a rabbit.15. Cool! Super! Great! Wow! 16. May I have a look? Sure.17. Here you are. Thank you. Youre welcome18. I like hamburgers. Me too 19. Have some French fries.20. Can I have some chicken? Sure. 21. How old are you? Im

31、nine. 三年级下册句子1. Where are you from? Im from America.2. Good morning! Good afternoon!3. Class, we have a new friend today.4. Whos that woman? Shes my mother。5. Whos that man? Hes my father.6. Whos this boy? My brother.7. I have a new kite. Oh, its beautiful. 8. How many kites can you see?I can see 12

32、. 9. The black one is a bird. Oh, how nice!10. How many crayons do you have? I have 16 crayons. 11. Open it and see. Thats right.12. Do you like peaches? Yes, I do. /No, I dont. 13. What about pears? Oh, I like them very much. 14. Lets have some peaches and pears.15. Have some fruits. Thank you, Mis

33、s White. 16. Sorry, I dont like bananas. 17. Can I have an apple, please? Certainly. 18. Have some more? No, thank you. 19. Where is my car? Its under the chair.20. Excuse me. Can I use your pencil? No problem. 21. Here you are. Thank you! 22. Come on, children. Look at the elephant. 23. Wow! Its so

34、 big! Its so funny! 24. It has a long nose and a short tail. 25. It has small eyes and big ears.26. Look at the giraffe. Oh, its so tall. 27. The giraffe is tall. The deer is short.28. Youre tall. Im short. Youre right. 29. Lets fly it. OK. 30. What a big fish! 四年级上册句子1. Whats in the classroom?2. Th

35、is is Zhang Peng, our new classmate.3. We have a new classroom.4. Where is my seat? It is near the door.5. Lets clean the classroom. Good idea!6. Let me clean the board. All right.7. It is nice and clean! Good job!8. What colour is the schoolbag? Its black and white. 9. May I have a look? Sure. Here

36、 you are. 10. My schoolbag is heavy. 11. What is in the schoolbag?12. How many picture-books do you have? 13. My friend is strong. He has short hair.14. I have a new friend. He likes sports. She likes music. 15.Whats his name ? His name is Zhang Peng. 16. Whats her name ? Her name is Amy.17. Is this

37、 your bedroom? Yes, it is./No, it isnt. 18. I have a new eraser.19. Is she in the study? No, she isnt. Shes in the kitchen. 20. Where are the keys? They are in the door. 21 Are they on the table? No, they arent. 22. Whats for dinner? Rice, fish and vegetables.23. What would you like for dinner? Id l

38、ike some rice and soup. 24. Everythings ready. Thanks /Thank you. 25. Dinners ready! Your forks and knives. 26. Help yourself! Thank you. 27. I can use chopsticks. Let me try.28. MmYummy, I like Chinese food. Me too. 29. We had a good time. See you tomorrow.30. How many people are there in your fami

39、ly? Three. 31. Who are they? My parents and me. 32. My family has seven members.33. Whos this man? Hes my uncle. 34. Whos this woman? Shes my aunt.35. Is this your aunt? Yes, she is. /No, shes my sister. 36. Whats your mother? Shes a teacher. 37. Whats your father? Hes a doctor.38. Are they farmers?

40、 Yes, they are. / Yes, youre right. 四年级下册句子1. Where is the canteen? Its on the first floor.2. This is the teachers office. That is my classroom.3. How many students are there in your class? Forty-five.4. Do you have a library? Yes!5. The canteen is on the first floor.6. This is my computer. That is

41、your computer.7. Is this a teachers desk? Yes, it is.No, it isnt.8. Is that the art room? Yes, it is.No, it isnt.9. What time is it? Its nine oclock.10. Its time for English class. Breakfast is ready! 11. School is over. Let s go to the playground. 12. Lets go home. Im ready. 13. It s 7:05. Its time

42、 to go to school. 14. Its 8:30 .Its time for music class.15. I like the white sweater with the green skirt. 16. I like the blue dress. 17. Where is my skirt?18. What color is it? Blue.19. Is this your skirt? Yes, it is./No. it isnt. My T-shirt is red. 20. Is that your T-shirt? No, its not. 21. Whose

43、 is it? Its my Tshirt.22. Whose is this? Its your baby brothers!23. What are they? These are your baby pants. Theyre so small. 24. Are those my shoes? Yes. But what for? 25. Our neighbor has a new baby!26. This is the weather report. Its cool in Lhasa.27. Can I wear my new shirt today? No, you cant.

44、 /Yes, you can. 28. Its warm today. You can wear your new shirt. 29. Can I wear my T-shirt? Yes, you can. 30. What are you doing? Not much.31. Whats the weather like in Beijing? Its rainy today. 32. How about New York? Its sunny. 33. Whats the matter?34. Its windy now. I have to close the window. 35

45、. Look at that dress. Its colorful. Its very pretty. 36. Can I help you? Yes.37. How much is this dress? Its ninety-nine Yuan. 38. What size?Size five. 39. Are they all right? Yes, they are. 40. How much are they? Theyre thirty-five Yuan. They are goats. 41. What are they? 42. Are they sheep? No, th

46、ey arent. They are goats. 43. Are they horses? No, they arent .They are donkeys. 44. Look at the hens. They are fat. 45. How many cows do you have? One hundred. 46. What do you see in the picture? I see five cats. 47. Are these tomatoes? Yes, they are. /No, they arent. 48. What are these? They are c

47、arrots. 五年级上册句子 1. Whos your math teacher? Mr. Zhao. 2. Whats he like? Hes thin and short. Hes very kind. 3. Whos that young lady? Shes our principal. 4. Is she strict? Yes, she is. 5. Is she active? No, she isn t. She s quiet. 6. I have a new math teacher. Her class is so much fun. 7. What day is i

48、t today? Its Monday. 8. What do you have on Wednesdays? 9. We have English, science, computer and P.E. 10. What do you do on Saturdays? 11. I often do my homework. 12. What about you? I do my homework too. 13. What would you like for lunch? Id like some tomatoes and mutton. 14. What do you have for

49、lunch today? 15. I have eggplant and tomatoes. 16. Its tasty. Its my favorite. 17. Whats your favorite food? Fish. 18. I dont like grapes. Theyre sour. 19. Are you helpful at home? You re helpful. 20. What can you do? I can sweep the floor. 21. Just do it! 22. Can you set the table? Yes, I can. No,

50、I cant. 23.I have my own room now. 24. Whats it like? 25. There is a big closet, a new air-conditioner and a new mirror. 26. There are blue curtains. 27. Where is the trash bin? Its near the table. 28. There is a forest in the nature park. 29. Is there a river in the park? Yes, there is. No, there i

51、snt. 30. There are many small houses in my village. 31. Are there any bridges in your village? Yes, there are. 32. Are there any tall buildings in your village? No, there arent. 五年级下册句子 1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. 2. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 n

52、oon. 3. What do you do on the weekend? 4. Usually I watch TV and go shopping. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. 5. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking. 6. Whats your favorite season? Winter. 7. Which season do you like best? Fall. 8. Its always sunny and cool. 9. I can play with snow. 10.

53、Why do you like spring? Because I can plant trees. 11. When is your birthday? My birthday is in June. 12. Is your birthday in June, too? No. My birthday is in December. 13. Its October 1st, our National Day. 14. Who has a birthday in October? Me. 15. Whats the date? Its October 1st. 16. What are you

54、 doing? I an doing the dishes. 17.What is your father doing? Hes writing an e-mail. 18. This is Nina. Can I speak to your mom, please? 19. Please hold on. Theres a call for you. 20. I see the mother elephant. 21. What is she doing? She is walking. 22. What about the baby elephant? 23. What is it doing? Its running. 2