(学生版)2014届高三英语语法要点冲刺篇动词及动词短语

1、以动词为词源的考察点1.以break为中心break away from 脱离，逃离，背弃，与脱离关系break down 出故障，崩溃，粉碎，瓦解break in 闯进，打断break into 闯入；强行进入break out 爆发，发生break off 打断，断绝，折断； 突然终止break through 突破；克服break up 破碎；解散，分解；结束2.以bring为中心bring about 导致，引起，促使bring back 带回，使回忆，使恢复bring down 使下降，打垮，击落bring forward 提出；提前bring in 把带进来；引进；挣得(收入)br

2、ing on 导致，引起，使发展，提出bring out 使显现；出版bring up 抚养，养育，培养3.以call为中心call at 访问(某地)；停泊在call away 叫走；把(注意力)转移开call for 需要，要求；接(某人)，迎，预定，call in 召集，收集；下令收回call off 取消，下令停止call on 要求，恭请；号召；拜访(某人)call out 下令罢工；召唤出动call up 打电话给；召集；使想起4.以carry为中心carry away 冲走，带走；冲昏某人头脑carry back 拿回，运回；使想起carry off 带走；获得；夺取生命carr

3、y on 坚持，继续，进行carry out 贯彻，执行，实施carry through 坚持到底，进行到底；履行(承诺)5.以come为中心come about 发生，产生，实现come across 偶尔发现；偶然遇到come back 回来；恢复，复原come off (头发、牙齿、纽扣)脱落，离开come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展come out 出来；发芽；出版；结果是；说出come over 访问；突然感到come round/around 苏醒；拜访；再次发生come to an end 终止，结束when it comes to 就而论，谈到come to life 苏醒c

4、ome to light 明朗化，出现，显露出来come to oneself 恢复常态come true 实现，成为现实come up 走近；发生；发芽；(问题)被提出； 上升，升起6.以cut为中心cut away 切去，砍掉cut down 砍倒，削减，缩短cut off 切断，中断；阻碍，阻挡cut out 切下，剪下，裁下；删去cut through 开辟(出路等)cut up 切碎，切掉；使悲伤7.以fall为中心fall back 撤退，后退fall behind 落后，落伍，落在后面fall down 跌倒，失败fall in love with 爱上fall into 陷入；

5、养成fall off 衰退，减少fall over 被绊倒8.以get为中心get about 徘徊，走动；流传get across 使被理解；通过get along 前进，进步；离去，相处get around 走动；传播get away 离开，逃脱get back 取回，回来；报复get down to 认真对待，静下心来，开始，着手get out of 由出来，从得出；避免；放弃get over 越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱get through 拨通；到达；完成；通过；及格get up 起床，起立；忙于，从事9.以give为中心give awa

6、y 赠送；失去；泄露give back 归还；使恢复give in 屈服，让步，投降give off 发出(烟、气味)give out 分发；公布；发出；用完，耗尽give up 放弃；停止10.以go为中心go about 开始做某事；忙于某事go across 度过，越过go after 追逐，追求，跟随go against 反对，不利于go ahead 前进，进展，继续go along with 陪伴，和一道走go away 离开，走掉go by 经过，过去go for 支持，赞成；适用于，去(取、拿)go off 走开；爆炸；响起；进行；变质go on 继续，接下去go out 出去；

7、熄灭；送出；播出go over 温习，检查go round 拜访；参观go through 审查，履行；通过；经历，忍受go too far 走得太远，做/说得太过火go up 上升，上涨；攀登go without 没有也行11.以hold为中心hold back 隐瞒；阻止；克制hold down 压制；压低hold on 坚持；等一等，别挂断hold on to 抓住不放；不卖hold out 伸出；提供机会hold up 举起，竖起；支持住；延误，使耽搁12.以keep为中心keep away (from) 不接近，避开，远离keep back 阻止，扣留，隐瞒keep in mind

8、记住keep off 不接近，远离；避免吃(或喝、吸)某物keep out 使不入内；不卷入keep pace with 跟上，同步调一致keep to 坚持；固守，遵守keep up 继续；(天气)持续不变；保持，维持keep up with 赶上，跟上，与并肩前进13.以lay为中心lay aside 把放在一边；留存备用lay down 放下；规定lay off (暂时)解雇；停止lay out 铺开，展开14.以leave为中心leave behind 留下，忘记携带； 超过；永久离开leave out 省去，遗漏，不把计算在内leave off 停止；中断leave over 留下，

9、剩下leave alone 不干涉，不打扰15.以look为中心look about 四下环顾；查看look after 照顾，看管look around 东张西望look back 回顾，回头看look back on/upon 回顾look for 寻找；期待，期望look down on/upon 俯视；轻视look forward to 盼望，期待look into 窥视；调查；浏览look on/upon as 把看作look out 向外看；注意；当心，提防look out for 当心，寻找，搜寻look through 透过看去；看穿；浏览look up 查阅；仰视look u

10、p to 仰慕，尊敬16.以pick为中心pick off 去除；选择(目标)射击pick out 精心挑出，辨别出pick up 接(某人)，搭载；捡起；学会；(偶然)得到17.以pull为中心pull apart 拉开，分开pull away 开动pull down 拉下，拉倒；拆毁；使(价格)下降； 使扫兴pull in (车船)抵达pull off 短暂停车；获得成功pull out 驶出，离开pull through 克服困难；恢复pull up 停止；训斥18.以put为中心put aside 把放在一边；搁置；积蓄，攒钱put away 把放好，把收拾；储藏put back 把放

11、回原处put down 放下；镇压；记下put an end to 结束，终止，废除put forward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡put in 安装；添上；打断put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，脱下put on 上演；穿上；增加；开动put one's heart into 全神贯注，专心致志put out 熄灭，伸出，拿出put through 完成；(电话用语)拨通；使穿过put up 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；安排住宿put up with 忍受，容忍19.以send为中心send away 解雇；赶走，把送往远处send for 派人去叫(请、拿)send off 发

12、出，寄出；邮购，函购send out 发出，散发；派遣send up 发射；使上升；取笑；判入狱20.以set为中心set about (doing) 着手，开始set an example to sb. 给某人树立榜样set aside 留出；放在一边；暂不考虑set back 使推迟；使花费set down 放下，卸下；登记，记载set free 释放(某人)set off 出发；使爆炸；引起set out 出发；发表；着手做某事set up 建立，设立，开办；引发，产生21.以take为中心take after 仿效，与相似take away 拿走，减去；消除take back 收回，取

13、消take care of 当心，注意；照顾；提防；谨慎take charge of 负责，主管take down 取下；记下；拆毁take in 留宿；欺骗；吸收；理解takeinto account/consideration 考虑，重视take off 脱去，除去；起飞，起程take on 呈现；雇佣；承担，担任take one's place 代替take out 拿出，取出；去除take over 接管，接任；占上风take part in 参与，参加take place 发生；举行take pride in 以为荣，对感到骄傲22.以think为中心think about

14、考虑think highly/well/much/a lot of 对评价很高think little/ill/nothing of 轻视，看不起think of as 把看作think out 仔细考虑，想通think through 想通；充分考虑think up 想出；发明23.以throw为中心throw at 把投向throw away 丢弃，浪费；错失(机会)throw oneself into 投身于，积极从事throw out 逐出；否决；散发throw up 呕吐；使显眼；匆匆建造24.以turn为中心turn away 把打发走，转脸不理睬turn down 调小；驳回，拒

15、绝turn off 关上；拐弯；使厌烦turn on 打开；依靠，取决于；突然攻击turn out 出席；证明是；向外；出现turn over 翻转；转动turn (a)round 旋转，转过身来turn in 上交turn to 转向，求助于turn upside down 颠倒过来，翻过来以介词为中心的动词短语1. away构成的短语动词有：throw away 扔掉put away 把收拾好；give away 捐赠，分发；carry away 运走；run away 潜逃；跑开；go away 走开2. for构成的短语动词有：answer for 负责；provide for 供养；

16、call for 要求；plan for 打算，为计划；hope for 希望，期待；ask for 索取，寻找；send for 派人去请；go for 努力获取；pay for 偿还，赔偿；wait for 等待; look for 寻找3.on构成的短语动词有：try on 试穿，试验；put on 穿上，上演；have on 穿着，戴着；pull on 穿，戴；用力拉hold on 不挂断，坚持，继续；carry on 继续开展，坚持；keep on 继续；go on 继续；get on 上（车）；come on 赶快，加油4. over构成的短语动词有：come over 过来；ha

17、nd over 移交；go over 仔细检查，复习；get over 克复，恢复；look over 检查；think over 仔细考虑；take over 接受，接管；turn over 翻转5. up构成的短语动词有：bring up 抚育，培养；call up 召唤，打电话给；come up 走进，上来; cut up 切碎; fix up 修理；give up 放弃；go up 上升，增长；grow up 长大；look up 尊敬，向上看，查寻；make up 虚构，弥补，组成；put up 举起，搭建；pick up 捡起，（开车）接某人，偶然得到；set up 建立，创（纪录

18、）; send up 发射; show up 揭露，露面；turn up 出现，把调高一点; take up 占据，开始从事等等。6. 动词+ out构成的短语动词有：come out 出来; go out 出去，熄灭; look out 留神，当心; walk out 走出; set out 出发，开始; put out 扑灭，生产; give out 发出，发表; hand out 分发; pick out 挑选; find out 找出，发现; speak out 大声地说; turn out 生产，打扫; get out 出去，离开; work out 计算出，解决，实行，行得通; c

19、arry out 实现，执行; bring out 出版；start out 出发，动身等等。课堂练习【A组 真题再现】1.(14) Top graduates from universities are_by major companies.A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensated2.(14) Legend has it that the original of the Dragon Boat Festival is to_the soul of Qu Yuan.A. remember B. remind C. recover D.

20、recall3.(14)- Dad, I don't think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.- I see. Ill go right away and _.pay him back B. pay him offC. put him away D. put him off4.(13)- The town is so beautiful! I just love it. - Me too. The character of the town is well_. A. qualified B. preserved C. deco

21、rated D, simplified5.(13) Team leaders must ensure that all members_their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over6.(12) OK, Ive had enough of it. I give up. - You cant_your responsibilities A. run off with B. run u

22、p against C. run out of D. run away from7.(11) You look upset. Whats the matter? - I had my proposal_again. A. turned over B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down8.(11) Are you still mad at her? - Not really, but I cant_that her remarks hurt me. A. deny B. refuse C. reject D decline9.(10) Thousand

23、s of foreigners were_to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened. A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached10.(10) The experiment has_the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planet. A. found out B. pointed out D. ruled out D

24、. carried out【B组：基础过关】1、The car driver was_with exceeding the speeding limit. Ablamed                  Bsentenced                 

25、 Ccharged                  Daccused2、I'm terribly sorry to turn you down this time，but I promise I will_to you next time. Aturn it up             

26、     Bmake it up                  Cpick it up                  Dset it up3、You look troubled. The director ask

27、ed me to finish this task by Sunday.How can I _ to?Aattempt               Bmanage              Cdecide          

28、60;   Dhappen4、Faced with the economic slowdown, we have decided to _ government spending. Atake out of     Bget away with    Cbreak away from    Dcut down on5、Little Tom，you have to _your manners at your uncle's or I won't take you

29、 there. Awatch             Bmind            Ccare            Dnotice6、Take care during the holidays！Drinking too much can _ h

30、eart disease and cause high blood pressure. Acontribute to             Brelate to            Cattend to            Ddevote to

31、7、His father is a laidoff worker with a total income of around 300 yuan per month, which _ only the basic needs of his family. Aoffers                  Bsupports         

32、        Caffords                 Dcovers8、All the efforts finally _ in 2009, when the band's first album won lots of awards. Atook off        

33、;          Bturned off                 Cset off                 Dpaid off9、Please_dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling or meaning. Aseek     Binquire