管理学原理-答案

1、（CHAPTER 1 Innovation for turbulent time（1）TRUE/FALSE 1Management is often considered universal（通用的）because it uses organizational resources to accomplish goals and attain（达到）high performance in all types of profit and not-for-profit organizations. T 2Leadership involves the use of influence to

2、 motivate（刺激）employees to achieve the organisations goals. T 3Organising means defining（明确）goals for future organisational performance and deciding on the tasks and resources needed to attain them. F 4. Efficiency refers to the degree to which the organisation achieves a stated（规定的）objecti

3、ve（目标）. F 5. The managers ability to think strategically（战略性的） requires high technical skills and a proficiency（精通）in specific tasks within an organisation. F 6. First-line managers are the managers who have the responsibility for making the significant（重大的）strategic（战略上的）policy decisions,

4、 often with staff managers assisting（帮助）them in these decisions. FMultiple Choice1. The figurehead role involves: A.motivating and communicating with staffB.initiating（发起）changeC.handling ceremonial（正式的）and symbolic activitiesD.developing information sources within the organisationE.  

5、0;     staying well informed about current affairs C 2. How an organisation goes about accomplishing a plan is a key part of the management function of: A.planning B.organisingC.leading D.controllingE.        motivating B 3. Which of t

6、he following is not a function of management? A.control B.planC.organise D.leadE.        performance E 4. A social entity（本质）that is goal directed and deliberately（慎重地）structured is referred to as: A.an organisation B.managementC.employees D.studentsE.tasks A&

7、#160;5. Which of the following types of skills is the understanding of and proficiency in the performance of specific tasks? A.human skill B.leadership skillC.technical skill D.conceptual（概念上的）skillE.social skill C 6. The informational role, according to Mintzberg, is a(n) _ role? A.entrepreneu

8、r（企业家） B.leaderC.figurehead（有名无实的领袖） D.celebratoryE.monitor EFILL IN THE BLANKS1. Social forces are the aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.2. Economic forces pertain（属于）to the availability, production, and distribution（分配） of resources in a society.3. The learni

9、ng organization can be defined as one in which everyone is engaged in identifying and solving problems, enabling the organisation to continuously experiment, change, and improve, thus increasing its capacity to grow, learn and achieve its purpose.4. Empowerment（授权）means giving employees the power, f

10、reedom, knowledge and skills to make decisions and perform effectively.5. List three of the basic ideas of scientific man会议员agement. Trained workers in standard（标准的）methodDeveloped standard method for performing each jobSelected workers with appropriate abilities for each job 6. Webers vision o

11、f organisations that would be managed on an impersonal, rational（合理的）basis is called a(n) bureaucratic （官僚的）7. List the three assumptions（设想）associated with McGregors Theory X.People are lazy; People dislike responsibility; People lack ambitionCHAPTER 1 Innovation for turbulent time（2）TRUE/FALS

12、E1. The learning organization is an attitude or philosophy（哲学）about what an organization can become. T 2. The essential idea in a learning organisation is efficiency. F 3. As a manager, Lou prefers to think in terms of control over rather than control with others. This is in agreement with

13、 the idea of a learning organisation. F 4. Empowerment means giving employees the power, freedom, knowledge, and skills to make decisions and perform effectively. T 5. Theory X and Theory Y, proposed by Douglas McGregor, provide two opposing（相反的） views of workers: Theory X recognises that

14、workers enjoy achievement and responsibility, while Theory Y recognises（承认）that workers will avoid work whenever possible. FMULTIPLE CHOICE1. _ forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people. A.LegalB.EconomicC.Political D.PsychologicalE.Social E 

15、2. Variables（变量）such as interest rates, inflation（通货膨胀）and trade tariffs（关税）are all examples of _ forces. A.technologicalB.politicalC.socialD.socio-educationalE.none of the above E 3. Strategy has traditionally been the sole（唯一的）responsibility of: A.middle managementB.project managers（项目经理）C.co

16、mpany accountantsD.top managers D 4. During the early twentieth century, the prevailing（普通的）management perspective（观点）, which emphasised rationality（合理性）and a scientific approach, was the _ perspective. A.scientificB.behaviouralC.classicalD.quantitativeE.Pareto C 5. The three subfields（子域）

17、of the classical perspective include: A.       bureaucratic organisation, quantitative management, and the human relations movementB.       quantitative management, behavioural science, and administrative managementC.administrative manageme

18、nt, bureaucratic organisation, and scientific managementD.scientific management, quantitative management, and administrative managementE.none of the above C 6. Bruce believes his employees are responsible and able to work without intense direction and supervision（管理）. He is a: A.Theory X manage

19、rB.Theory Y managerC.Theory Z managerD.contingency（偶然性）theory managerE.classical manager BSHORT ANSWER1. Briefly discuss the relationship between management skills and management level. 1.management skills summarize in three categories:conceptual skills , human skills and technical skills.manag

20、ement level contains :top managers ,middle managers ,first-line managers and nonmanagers.top managers need conceptual skills,nonmanagers need technical skills,human skills is important to all management level（管理技能有三种：概念技能、人际技能、技术技能。概念技能包括：高层管理者、中层管理者、一线管理者和非管理者。高层管理者需要概念技能。非管理者需要技术技能。人际技能对于管理水平来说很重要

21、。）2. What is the difference between efficiency and effectiveness? Which is more important for performance?2.效率和效益向来都是企业追求的目标，二者既有联系又有区别。效益是指做正确的事情，效率则是做事情运用正确的方法。效益比效率更重要，因为无论效率再高，只要所做的事情不对，其结果就会是无益的劳动，而所付出的一切努力不过是一种浪费。追求效益必须考虑效率，考虑效益实现的速度问题。CHAPTER 2 The environment and corporate cultureTRUE OR FAL

22、SE1、The study of management traditionally has focused on factors external to the organisations. F2、The general environment and the task environment are the two layers of an organisations external environment. T3、Customers and competitors are two important sectors of the economic dimension（次元）of a fi

23、rms general environment. F4. Other organisations in the same industry or type of business that provide goods or services to the same set of customers are referred to as suppliers. F5. The internal environment within which managers work includes corporate（公司的） culture, sociocultural aspects and custo

24、mers. FCHOICE1. Which of these is a part of an organisations internal environment? A.its customersB.its salespeopleC.its wage structureD.its suppliersE.its competitors B 2. The _ environment represents（表现）the outer layer of the environment and affects organisations _. A.task; indirectlyB.genera

25、l; directlyC.internal; directlyD.internal; indirectly（间接地）E.general; indirectly E 3. Which of these is NOT a part of an organisations general environment? A.technologicalB.economicC.competitorsD.legal-politicalE.sociocultural C 4. An organisations task environment includes all of the follo

26、wing EXCEPT: A.competitorsB.customersC.labour marketsD.employersE.suppliers D 5. Which of these are included in an organisations task environment? A.suppliersB.accounting procedures（手续）C.technologyD.governmentE.demographic（人口统计学的）characteristics A 6. Which of the following consists of demograph

27、ic factors, such as population density? A.technological environmentB.sociocultural environmentC.legal-political environmentD.internal environmentE.economic environment B 7. The _ represents people in the environment who can be hired to work for the organisation. A.competitorsB.labour marketC.su

28、ppliersD.customersE.government B 8. Which statement （叙述）below is correct? A.When environment is dynamic（活跃的）, uncertainty is low.B.When the environment is unstable（动态的）, uncertainty is low.C.A dynamic environment has more uncertainty than a stable environment.D.The stability（稳定性）of the environm

29、ent does not determine the structure of the firm.E.None of the above. C9. Research has found that a(n) _ structure works best when organisations experience uncertainty. A.flexible（灵活的）B.mechanistic（机械的）C.intuitive（直觉的）D.inorganicE.rigid （死板的） AFILL IN THE BLANKS1. The external organizational environ

30、ment includes all elements（元素）existing outside the boundary（分界线）of the organisation that have the potential（可能性）to affect the organisation.2. The general environment is the outer layer that is widely dispersed and affects organisations indirectly.3. The internal environment includes the sectors that

31、 conduct day-to-day transactions （交易）within the organisation.4. The labor market represents people in the environment who can be hired to work for the organisation.SHORT ANSWER1. Briefly describe the task environment and its four primary sectors. 1.The task environment includes those sectors th

32、at have a direct working relationship with the organization.These include customers,competitor,supplier,and the labor market.Customers are the people and organizations in the environment who acquire goods and services from the organization.Competitor is other organizations in the same industry

33、or type of business that provide goods or services to the same set of customer.Suppliers are people and organizations who provide the raw materials the organization uses to produce its output.Labor market is the people available for hire by the organization.（任务环境包括和团体有正确的工作关系。这些包括消费者、竞争者、供应商和劳动

34、力市场。消费者是指那些从企业购买产品或者服务的个人或组织。竞争者是指那些与本企业处于同一个行业、提供与本企业相同或类似产品的企业。供应商是那些提供原材料给企业用来生产的个人或组织。劳动力市场是指能够为企业所雇佣的所有人的集合。）2. Briefly describe and discuss the various levels of culture2.Culture is the set of  key values,beliefs, understandings,and norms that members of an organization share.Culture can

35、be analyzed at the surface level and deeper  level.Surface level includes artifacts,such as dress, office layout ,symbols,slogans,ceremonies.Deeper level has two sectors.The first one is expressed values,such as "The Penney Idea","The HP Way".The second one is unde

36、rlying assumptions and deep beliefs ,such as "people here care about one another like a family".（文化是指由一个组织内部所有成员共同认可的价值观、信仰、共识及生活准则。文化被分解为浅层次和深层次。浅层次包括人工制品，例如裙子、办公布局、符号、标语、仪式。深层次有两方面。一种是明确的价值，如“The Penney Idea”、“ The HP Way”。另一种是潜在的假设和深深的信仰，例如“这儿的人们把别人视作家庭成员关怀”。）CHAPTER 4 Ethics and Social

37、 ResponsibilityTRUE/FALSE1、Found between the domains（领域）of law and free choice, ethics（道德规范）is the code of moral principles that governs any individual or group. T2、Most ethical dilemmas（困境）involve a conflict between the needs of the part and the whole. T3. The four approaches that guide ethical dec

38、ision making are utilitarian（功力的）, individualism, moral-rights and objective dualism（双重论）. F 应该是justice approach公正原则4. Free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics. F5. Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the individualism approach. F6. Culture is the o

39、nly aspect of an organisation that influences ethics. F7. All stockholders of an organisation are its stakeholders, but not all stakeholders are its stockholders. TCHOICE1、Which of these refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviour with respect to what is right and wrong?

40、A.social responsibilityB.free domainC.ethicsD.codified law（编纂法典）E.discretionary（任意的）responsibility C 2. Around _ per cent of adults reach the level three stage of moral development. A.30B.40C.50D.80E.20 E 3. Ethics deals with _ values that are a part of corporate culture and shapes decisio

41、ns concerning social responsibility with respect to the _ environment. A.internal/externalB.external/externalC.internal/internalD.external/internalE.none of the above A 4. The assumption（假设）that If its not illegal, it must be ethical, ignores which of the following? A.domain of codified lawB.do

42、main of ethicsC.domain of free choiceD.discretionary responsibilityE.domain of symbolism B 5. The golden rule do unto others as they would do unto you is: A.an example of the utilitarian approach to ethical behaviourB.representative of the moral-justice approach to moral decision makingC.an exa

43、mple of the values that guide the individualism approach to ethical behaviourD.an age-old piece of advise not to be taken too seriouslyE.an example of the justice approach to ethical behaviour C 6. Individualism is most closely related to: A.social responsibilityB.free choiceC.economic responsi

44、bilityD.codified lawE.togetherness B 7. Sexual harassment（性骚扰）is unethical because it violates（违反）an important part of which approach to ethical behaviour? A.the utilitarian approachB.the individualism approachC.the justice approachD.the moral-rights approachE.the defensive（防御的）approach D 

45、8. Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the: A.utilitarian approachB.moral-rights approachC.individualism approachD.justice approachE.collectivism（集体主义）approach DFILL IN THE BLANKS 1. ethics is the code of moral principles and values that govern the behaviours of a person

46、or group with respect to what is right or wrong. 2. A(n) ethical dilemma arises in a situation when each alternative choice or behaviour is undesirable（不良的）because of potentially（可能地）harmful ethical consequences. 3. List the four criteria（条件）for ethical decision making described in the boo

47、k.utilitarian approach;individualism approach ;moral rights approach ;justice approach 4. List four examples of primary stakeholders.investors,suppliers,customers,stakeholders SHORT ANSWER1.       Explain the concept（概念）of a stakeholder and list five common st

48、akeholders1. A stakeholder is any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance.the local government ;the nature ; physical environments ;special interest groups; the quality of life（利益相关者是指在组织的内部或外部，与公司经营业绩相互关联的任何个人或组织。当地政府、自然、物理环境、特定兴趣小组、生活质量。

49、）CHAPTER 5  Planning and Goal SettingTRUE/FALSE1、Of the four management functions, organizing is the most fundamental（根本的）, as everything practical（实际的）stems（血统）from careful organization. F 2. A desired future state that the individual or organization attempts to realize is a goal. T 

50、3. Plans specify（列举）future ends; goals specify todays means. F 4. The act of determining the organisations goals and the means for achieving them is called goal setting. F 5. Goals and plans are valuable to an organisation because they provide legitimacy（合法）, rationale（基本原理）for decisions a

51、nd an increase in motivation（积极性）and commitment（承诺）. T 6. An organisations mission describes its reason for existence. T 7. Mission statements often reveal（显示）the companys philosophy as well as purpose. T 8. Strategic plans and goals are those that focus on where the organisation want

52、s to be in the future and pertain（属于）to the organisation as a whole. T 9. Reviewing progress is the most difficult step in an MBO process. F 10. Long-term planning includes strategic goals for the overall organisation. T CHOICE1. A desired future state that an organisation attempts to

53、 realise（明白）is called a(n): A.plan B.vision statementC.goal D.mission statementE.idea C 2. _ specify future ends and _ specify todays means. A.Goals, plans B.Plans, goalsC.Planning, organising D.Ideas, behavioursE.Mission, vision A 3. Which of these is the act of determining the organisati

54、ons goals and the means for achieving them? A.organising B.brainstormingC.planning D.developing a missionE.a blueprint C 4. The planning process begins with which of these? A.the development of operational（运作的）goalsB.the development of a mission statementC.communication of goals to the rest of

55、the organisationD.a company-wide meetingE.brainstorming B 5. The _ is the basis for the strategic level of goals and plans which in turn（空的） shapes the _ and _ level. A.goal, mission, tacticalB.operational goal, mission and tactical（策略的）C.objective, operational, missionD.mission, tactical, oper

56、ationalE.tactical plan, operational, mission D 6. _ are primarily concerned with tactical goals/plans. A.Middle managementB.Board of directorsC.Consultants D.Senior managementE.Lower management A 7. Which of these are primarily responsible for strategic goals/plans? A.middle managementB.board of directorsC.consultants（咨询者） D.senior managementE.lower management D&#