北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit 8 Green Living单元达标测试卷（含答案解析）.docx

1、北师大版2019扃中英语必修第三册Unit8 Green Living单元达标测试卷第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACity: HangzhouLaunched:2008Size: 2,965 stations/ 69,750 bikesPrice: $28.59 deposit!押金）+ time chargeWhile taking a look at this city, you may see the best bike sharing in the worl

2、d. As the second on the planet by size, the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System is one of the most common and useful shares, largely because its combined with public transportation: a single card can be used in subway, bus, taxi and bike sharing. Residents and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chine

3、se Yuan （about $29） and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city. Each additional hour costs only $0.15. It was also the first new-generation bike-sharing system in China.City: BarcelonaLaunched: 2007Size: 420 stations/5,000 bikesPrice: $61.93 per yearBarcelonas Bicycling Program developed Spai

4、ns bike-sharing business in a big way. This program took off like wildfire on wheels, and because four times bigger in one year. It inspired different copycat programs all over the country. Today, Spain has 132 bike-sharing systems. The program is one of the worlds most respected and popular shares.

5、 But it is only open to residents and tourists are not allowed to use them.City: ParisLaunched: 2007Size: 1,751 stations/23,900 bikesPrice: $38. 52 per year/ $2.26 per dayBike sharing in Paris is the star of the world. Launched in 2007z it is the worlds largest outside of China. Cheap by American st

6、andards, you can ride around Paris on a $1.7 day passthe first half hour of each trip is free. Because this system covers the city with an average of 50 stations per square mile, its a favourite with both locals and tourists.l. What do we know about Barcelonas Bicycling Program?A.lt has driven the d

7、evelopment of Spains bike sharing.答案以及解析第一部分阅读理解第一节A答案：1-3.ACA解析：1.细节理解题。根据City: Barcelona中的Barcelonas Bicycling Program developed Spains bike-sharing business in a big way.可知,Barcelonas Bicycling 项目极大t也开发 了 西班牙 的共享单车生意。故选A项。2. 细节理解题。根据City: Paris中的价格介绍Price: $38.52 per year/$2.26 per day1可知，巴黎 的共享单

8、车收费为每天2.26美元。故选C项。3. 细节理解题。根据City: Hangzhou中的Residents and tourists can put down a deposit of 200 Chinese Yuan (about $29) and ride for an hour for free in this scenic city.”以及City: Paris中的最 后一句中its a favourite with both locals and tourists可知,Hangzhou Public Bicycle System 和 bike sharing in Paris都对本

9、地居民和外来游客开放。故选A项。B答案：1-4.ABCD解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段The Andean village Chinchero. Sweeping views of snow-covered peaks rule the horizon.可知,本段主要描述了位于安第斯山脉中的村庄 Chinchero周围的美丽风景。2. 细节理解题。根据第五段的The new airport could quadruple(使变为四倍)tourists, to 6 million from 1. 5 million a year, which would mean a burden of 22

10、,000 visitors a day. President Vizcarra supported the project in 2018 as a way to get support in southern Peru.”可知，机场修好 后，游客的数量会提高四倍，为了赢得秘鲁南方的支持，总统同意了修建机场。3. 推理判断题。根据第二段的This doubtful project would damage the heartland of the Inca civilisation. pollution and uncontrolled urbanisa-tion.和倒数第二段的The air

11、ports construction could reduce the watershed of Lake Piuray. where few people live.可Ml,在这个地 方修建机场，对当地的动植物、印加文明的中心地带以及村庄等都有着消极的影响。4. 观点态度题。综合第二段的信息以及最后段的Instead of another airport, Peru should develop sustainable tourism and invest in infrastructure to make these areas more accessible.”可 知，作者认为秘鲁政府应

12、该发展可持续性旅游业，投资基础设施建设，而不应该在著名的古文 化遗址建设机场。故选D项。A项表示”中立的”;B项表示”赞成的”;C项表示“漠不关心的”, 这些与文章的整体语气不符。C答案：1-4.DDAB解析：1.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段开头可知，一件T恤衫的生命周期要经历五个阶段: 原材料，生产，运输，使用和处理。原材料的生产阶段又包括播种、灌溉、施肥和收获等。再根 据第三句While cotton is a natural fibre（纤维制品）and not as harmful to the environment as manmade fibres, it still takes

13、a toll in the material and product ion stages.可知，虽然棉花是自然 纤维，不像人造纤维一样对环境有害，但它仍然会对原料筹集和生产阶段造成不好的影响。所 以D项正确。2. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load.可知,每年一个美国家庭平均要洗 400次衣服，每次要用40加仑水,40x400 = 16,000加仑，所以D项正确。3. 推

14、理判断题。根据文章第三段中的these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater. 可知，生产过程费水费能源。而印染原料和漂白剂是有害的污染物,会最终污染地下水。所以 A项正确。4. 写作意图题。根据文章及最后一段第一句There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact.可知，

15、文章的写作意图是呼吁人们从自身穿衣开始为环保做贡献。D答案：1-4.BCDA解析：1.推理判断题。结合第三段的Once found in the millions, as few as 300 red siskins remain in Venezuela和后面的内容可知，原先这种鸟有几百万只,但是现在只有300只了;对于这些鸟 来说，剩下的时间不多了，除非人类立即采取保护措施。因此这句话说明了保护它们的紧迫性。2. 细节理解题。根据第二段的The plan is to have farmers plant organic coffee plants which are covered wit

16、h branches that make good nesting places for the birds.可知,这种有机咖啡植物的 树枝可以为这种鸟提供良好的筑巢的地方。3. 细节理解题。根据第四段的They will be able to set prices for such high quality products that can be five times higher than legal prices set by the government.可知，参与这个保护项目的农 民们可既以高价出售他们的咖啡。4. 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一些科学家和委内瑞拉的一些农民们种植一种

17、有机咖啡植物, 从而为当地濒临灭绝的红色黄雀提供良好的栖息地，以此来拯救这些珍贵的鸟类。故A项符 合主题。第二节答案：-EAGDF解析：设空处前句讲的是通过每天做些小事就可以减肥，此处承接上文，指出小的变 化也能够有大的作用，E项符合语境，其中small为关键词。故选E项. 设空处为小标题，根据本段内容可知，餐盘的直径会对你吃多少食物产生很大的影响，你 的餐盘越大，装的东西就越多，你吃进去的东西也就越多，因此本段主要是建议要用小一点 的餐盘，故选A项。 空前一句讲到坐下来吃光一整袋薯片或一整包曲奇饼干是很容易的，下一段建议用食物日 记或应用程序来记录摄入的卡路里，因此该空内容应是关于一整袋薯片

18、或一整包曲奇饼干中 的卡路里含量的，G项(但是如果你知道它们有多少卡路里，你可能决定改变主意)符合语 境，其中的how many calories are in them 9关键信息。故选G项。 空后的and you may be reading the signs all wrong说明你可能完全误解了这些迹象，设空 处应与误解身体信号方面的问题相关。D项(我们常常把口渴误认为饥饿)符合语境。空后 的all wrong和选项中的mistake相呼应。故选D项。 根据本段小标题Exercise more以及段落中的exercise, 10-mile runs等可知，本段内容有 关锻炼，根据关键

19、词可定位至F项，F项指出锻炼不一定是刻意为之，也可以是有趣的，符 合语境。第二部分语言知识运用第一节答案：1-5 BADCB 6-10 BDACC 11-15 ACBDA解析：1.由前一句中的 The Jeep was fully packed 和卜文的 set off towards their new home 可知, 大家都拥进车里准备出发，也包括(including)萨姆。故选B项。2. 根据后一句中的Alex drove for miles可知，亚历克斯发动(started)了车的引擎。故选A项。3. 由空前一句中的they needed more supplies可知，他们需要一些

20、口用品，所以是在超市那里 停(stopped)车了。故选D项。4. 根据空前的driving into the parking lot可知，进停车场要寻找(hunt)车位停车。故选C项。5. 根据空后的 many cars, shopping carts, flashing lights and busy people 可知,停车场很拥挤 (crowded)o 故选 B 项。6. 由前一句中的 many cars, shopping carts, flashing lights and busy people 可知，停车场很拥挤, 人和车很多，所以萨姆应是觉得被噪音(noise)包围。故选B项

21、。7. 根据卜一段第一句 Alex was about to pull in when a strange car suddenly pulled into the empty spot.可知，此处指亚历克斯找到了一个空的(empty)车位。故选D项。8. 由上下文可知，司机把车停在了亚历克斯好不容易找到的车位上，然后直接冲向超市，这 肯定让亚历克斯-家很生气。故anger符合语境。9. 根据后文的Alex caught the man可知，亚历克斯追上了那个人，所以他是快速(quickly) b 车。故选C项。10. 据本段最后,句 They returned to the parking

22、space andtheir cars so that they couldboth park there.可知，他们把车都停在空的车位上，所以是分享(share)车位。故选C项。11. 由上文可知，两个人要分享车位，而一个车位上停两辆车应该是需要调整(adjusted)车的 位置。故选A项。12. 此处为同义复现。根据最后一段的第三句It made a strong impression on him,可知，整件事 让萨姆印象深刻(impressed)a impressed和impression为同义复现。故选C项。13. 由上下文可知，亚历克斯把车和陌生人的车停在一起后就进超市买东西去了，

23、这说明整 件事以和平方式落幕。故peacefully符合语境。14. 由上文可知，车位被占后，父亲并没有生气，而是选择和陌生人一起分享车位，说明父亲 是慷慨的。故generous符合语境。mean意为吝啬的;aggressive意为”挑衅的”。15. 由上文可知，车位被占，父亲并未生气，而是以和平的方式解决问题，这是一种善意 (Kindness)o 故选 A 项。第二节答案： which; that; their; in; to pull; using; have taken; powerful; strength; a解析：考查关系代词。with which they could kill

24、their enemies.”是介词+关系代词弓I 导的定语从句。 考查强调句型。该句为强调句型,被强调的是时间状语more than 8, 000 years ago。 考查形容词性物主代词。名词prey前应用形容词性物主代词作定语。 考查介词。in length是固定表达，意思是”在长度上 考查不定式的用法。不定式短语to pull the string of the longbow all the way back作目的状 语。 考查现在分词的用法。现在分词短语using this bow作定语，修饰anyone, use与主语 anyone之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。

25、考查时态。时间状语in the past twenty-five years常与现在完成时连用;本句主语为复数名 词,故谓语用复数形式。 考查形容词。空格处所填单词在句中作表语，故用power的形容词形式。 考查名词。空格处所填单词在句中作主语，需用strong的名词形式。 考查冠词。此处意思是:它(弓)是人类历史上的一大进步。表示泛指，应用不定冠词;great 是以辅音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词a。第三部分写作第一节答案：Dear Editor,Im a student at a middle school. Im writing to express my great concern f

26、or the environment in my hometown. Thick forests and green grass used to be seen. However; as people here cut down many trees to build houses and grow more crops, the forests were seriously destroyed. Besides, because of climate changes it rains little now. As a result, sandstorms occur frequently.

27、To prevent the process of desertification, all the people should take good care of the forests and plant more trees.Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours, Li hua 第二节 答案：Since I was a very naughty boy, I rocked it harder. Each time I rocked harder, she asked me to stop. But I was having too much

28、fun scaring her and swinging around. So what did I do? I rocked it as hard as my little body could manage. It got to the point that my grandmother was yelling at the top of her voice, while kicking and screaming at me to stop. It was so much fun. The ride finished and I knew I was going to be in tro

29、uble.But to my surprise, my grandma actually enjoyed the terrifying experience with me. I actually didnt get into trouble, but she vowed to never ride it with me again. To this day, my grandma and I still recall and laugh about our terrifying Sun Wheel experience. Shes told me that she always thinks

30、 back to that moment when she thinks about how much I have changed since then, and I always think back to it as a fun experience with her that I will never forget.B. lt has once been ruined by fire accidents.C. lt is popular among travellers.D. lt consists of 175,000 bikes.2. How much should you pay

31、 to ride a shared bike in Paris?A. Nothing for an hour. B.$61.93 per year. C.$2.26 per day. D.$1.7 per day.3. What do the Hangzhou Public Bicycle System and bike sharing in Paris have in common?A .They are open to both locals and tourists.B.They have the same amount of stations.C.They were founded i

32、n the same year.D.They require a deposit of over $30.BThe Andean village Chinchero, which sits above the Urubamba Valley, is one of the most breathtakingly beautiful landscapes. Splendid terraces made by the Incas stretch out into the vast highland. Fields of potato and corn plants form a textile of

33、 shadesgreen, red and gold. Sweeping views of snow-covered peaks rule the horizon.But machines began clearing ground for an international airport in Chinchero now. This doubtful project would damage the heartland of the Inca civilisation. Its ancient archaeological sites and rich plants and animals

34、would be disrupted by noise, traffic, pollution and uncontrolled urbanisation.It is puzzling why anyone would choose to build a multimillion-dollar international airport in this peaceful spot high up in the clouds. At nearly 12, 400 feet, 1, 500 feet higher than Cuzcos airport some 20 miles away, it

35、 would be one of the worlds highest commercial airports. The mountains surrounding Chinchero, not to mention the fog, winds and hailstorms at these altitudes, can make landing and take-off dangerous.A flood of articles in science and travel magazines have blamed the project. The objection is not sur

36、prising; the ancient Machu Picchu, which is in the Cuzco region, was recognised one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007.The site draws up to 5, 600 foreign visitors daily, more than double the 2, 500 recommended by UNESCO. The new airport could quadruple（使变为四倍）tourists, to 6 million from 1

37、. 5 million a year, which would mean a burden of 22, 000 visitors a day. President Vizcarra supported the project in 2018 as a way to get support in southern Peru.The airports construction could reduce the watershed of Lake Piuray, an important source of water for Cuzco. It would also divide Chinche

38、ro in two, leaving the school and the health centre on the side where few people live.Instead of another airport, Peru should develop sustainable tourism and invest in infrastructure to make these areas more accessible.l. What is mainly described in the first paragraph?A .The beautiful scenery of Ch

39、inchero.B.The perfect place for the airport.C.The birthplace of the Inca civilisation.D.The best travelling destination.2. Why did President Vizcarra agree to build the airport?A .To make Machu Picchu known to all.B.To promote the local tourism.C.To respect the traditional civilisation.D.To make the

40、 airport the worlds highest.3. What made people worried about the building of the airport?A .The rough weather for landing and take-off.B. The loud noise for the local villagers.C. The damage to the local environment.D. The disappearance of Inca landscape.4. Whats the attitude of the writer towards

41、the building of the airport?A. Neutral.B.Supportive.C.Uncaring.D.Disapprove.CThe Life Cycle of a T-shirtWe all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet? Youd probably be surprised to learn whats involved in the life cycle of just

42、one T-shirt.There are 5 major stages: material, production, shipping, use and disposal. The material stage involves farming, irrigating, fertilising and harvesting, etc. While cotton is a natural fibre （纤维制 品）and not as harmful to the environment as man-made fibres, it still takes a toll in the mate

43、rial and production stages. Commercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides（杀虫剂）is widespread across the globe, especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that farmers spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in

44、the US.Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting（编 织），bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc. these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.After

45、the T-shirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garments （衣月艮）are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck., all of which spill CO? into the atmosphere

46、. Calculations show that CO2 emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times youve washed and dried your favourite T-shirt.

47、 Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However; the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load.Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.The final stage of life is disposal. This

48、releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.We all need new clothes every once in a while, bu

49、t lets all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing. It has a real impact on the planet.There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If theyre too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity o

50、r another organisation that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat（恒温器）on your washer; and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.1. The underlined phrase takes a toll probably means.A. wastes waterB.takes a lot of time C.uses e

51、nergyD.has a bad effect2. We can learn from the passage that in the US.A. pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every yearB. CO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mileC. about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycledD. about 16, 000

52、gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry3. What can be inferred from this passage?A. The production process may affect water safety.B. The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.C. Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.D. The use stage is

53、the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.4. What is the purpose of this passage?A .To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.B. To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.C. To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.D. To introduce the five stages in the life cycl

54、e of clothing.I）Pictures of the bird called the red siskin appear on Venezuelas money, on products and in school books.But the small song bird is disappearing from the wild. It has become the victim of reducing forests and hunters who want to sell their bright red feathers. That threat has brought t

55、ogether an international team. They hope to save the bird. The plan is to have farmers plant organic coffee plants which are covered with branches that make good nesting places for the birds.Once found in the millions, as few as 300 red siskins remain in Venezuela. They dont have many years left, un

56、less we do something right now, said Miguel Arvelo.Fanners who meet the projects rules will win the right to sell their beans with Bird Friendly labels. They will be able to set prices for such high quality products that can be five times higher than legal prices set by the government.The male siski

57、n is valued for its red feathers and black head. Breeders cross them with yellow pet birds to create babies with colourful feathers. Protection under Venezuelan law has not prohibited hunters from catching the birds to sell on an illegal international market. Poor Venezuelan families often catch and

58、 sell the birds. The money they receive can feed their children for months, said biologist Jhonathan Miranda.At the same time, a red siskin breeding centre is being built at a private zoo in Venezuela. There, 200 birds are expected to be born next year. Scientists keep the places where the birds live a secret to protect them from hunters. They permitted some reporters to photograph a small number of birds at one of th