江苏省成人学位英语辅导阅读详解

1、.阅 读 理 解 指 导P271-P19月24号In order to learn to be ones true self, it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge of what has been said and done in the world; .1. According to the author, first of all one must .A. analyze B. inquire C. obtain knowledge D. actIt matters not what you learn, but

2、 when you once learn a thing, you must never give it up until you have mastered it. 3. The end of learning should be .A. thought B. mastery C. inquiry D. analysisIt matters not ., but , you must never give it up until you have thoroughly understood it. It matters not , but ., you must never give it

3、up until you have got what you want. It matters not ., but , you must never give it up until you have done it thoroughly and well. 2. When you try to do something, what matters is .A. not to care too much about it B. to act immediatelyC. to think carefully before you do it D. to carry it through to

4、the endIf another man succeeds by one effort, you will use a hundred efforts. If another man succeeds by ten efforts, you will use a thousand. 4. According to the author, another mans success should .A. spur us on to greater efforts B. not be taken into considerationC. make us nervous D. cause one t

5、o stop trying5. The author implies but does not say that .A. the way to knowledge is through specializationB. one has to know everything to be successfulC. success depends not so much on natural ability as it does on effortD. success in ones profession is least important in ones lifePassage 2Earthqu

6、akes may., it has been estimated that earthquakerelated destruction . The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to falling down of buildings and the effects of rock slides, floods, fire, disease, gigantic sea waves, .6. Most destruction brought about by earthquakes is the results

7、 of the following EXCEPT .A. the collapsing of buildings and the fire it causesB. the floods and huge sea waves resulting from earthquakesC. the disease that often follows earthquakesD. the panic brought about by earthquakesThe great majority of all earthquakes occur on two specific areas, . But the

8、y may, however, happen anywhere at any time. This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the fear and horror surrounding earthquakes, but 7. “This element of the unknown” (Para. 3) refers to the fact that .A. earthquakerelated destruction has been beyond calculationB. millions of

9、people have died during earthquakesC. earthquakes may occur anywhere at any timeD. there are other phenomena resulting from earthquakes.scientists have shown increasing success in predicting when and where earthquakes will strike. As a result, a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in ope

10、ration and has helped to prepare for the vast destruction .8. Which of the following is Not true according to the passage? A. Some of the natural phenomena are similarly destructive as earthquakes.B. A worldwide earthquake warning network has not been put into use.C. It seems possible now for scient

11、ists to predict when and where earthquakes will occur.D. Most earthquakes take place on some specific areas of the earth.9. The author believes that the prediction of earthquakes .A. should be more accurate in future B. is of some helpC. is as a matter of fact impossible D. is really reliableIt is d

12、oubtful that ., but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man will become more and more able to deal with their possible destruction before it occurs.10. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author is chiefly interested in .A. controlling earthquakesB. making ear

13、thquakes harmlessC. getting prepared and handling the possible destruction beforehandD. having a better understanding of earthquakesPassage 3The accuracy of scientific observations and calculations is always at the mercy of（取决于；由支配） the scientists timekeeping methods. For this reason, .11. The passa

14、ge says that the accuracy of scientific observation depends on .A. methods of measurement B. timekeeping methodsC. basic assumptions D. earlier experimentsIn their search for precision, scientists have turned to atomic clocks . 12. Scientists expect that atomic clock will be .A. more precise B. abso

15、lutely accurate C. more durable D. indestructible. One such atomic clock is so accurate . It will be of great importance in fields such as astronomical observation and long-range navigation. 13. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as to the usage of atomic clock? A. Scientific res

16、earch. B. Astronomical observation.C. To check Einsteins relativity theory. D. Long range navigation.An atomic clock . may be used to check the accuracy of predictions based on Einsteins relativity theory,. Placed in an orbiting satellite moving at a speed of 18000 miles an hour, the clock could bro

17、adcast its time reading to a ground station, .14. Which of the following is implied but not stated? A. Precise timekeeping is essential in science.B. Scientists expect to disprove Einsteins relativity theories.C. Atomic clocks will be important in space flight.D. The rate of vibration of an atom nev

18、er varies.15. An appropriate title for this passage would be .A. A Peacetime Use of the Atom B. Atoms and MoleculesC. The Satellite Timekeepers D. The Role of the ClockPassage 4In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District

19、tries to solve a $ 13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement.16.   What has happened to the Vrain School District?        A.     A huge financial problem has arisen.B.      Many schools there are mis

20、managed.C.      Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.D.     Many administrative personnel have been laid off. “Were worried about our teachers and principals, and we really dont want to lose them because of this.” One parent said. “If we

21、can help ease their financial burden, we will.”17.   How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?        A.     They felt somewhat helpless about it.B.      They accused th

22、ose responsible for it.C.      They pooled their efforts to help solve it.D.     They demanded a thorough investigation.The 2200-student district discovered the shortage last month. “Its extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like t

23、his at this level.” Said State Treasurer Mike Coffman18.   In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is        .A. unavoidable               B. u

24、nthinkable C. insolvable                 D. irreversibleDistrict officials . At Coffmans request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the districts finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district

25、officials hid the budget shortage 19.   Why did Coffman request an investigation?        A.     To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.B.      To find out the extent of the consequences of the

26、 case.C.      To make sure that the school principals were innocent.D.     To stop the voters approving the $ 212 million bond issue.At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email

27、 forum (论坛). “Rumors about whats happening to the district are moving at lighting speed.” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”20.   Three high school students started a website in order to        .A.  &#

28、160;  attract greater public attention to their needsB.      appeal to the public for contributions and donationsC.      expose officials who neglected their dutiesD.     keep people properly informed of the crisisP324P3（医学上的

29、冷藏术）9月28号Without a blood supply organs deteriorate rapidly. . 31. The word “deteriorate” in the first sentence of the passage means_.A) die B) cool C) worsen D) quickenOrgans differ in their sensitivity to damage. At body temperature, permanent destruction of the brain  occurs after &

30、#160;more than three to five minutes; of the heart, liver and lung, after 10 to 30 minutes; of the kidney(肾)，after 50 to 100 minutes; and of the skin, after 6 to 12 hours. 32.It is obvious that_.A) kidney is one of the most delicate organsB) brain is more delicate than most organsC) brain can never

31、be transplantedD) many people are willing to donate their kidneysAlthough the shorter the time the organ is deprived of its blood supply the better, the cornea(角膜)can be removed for grafting(移植)at relative leisure, but . 34. Which of the following organs can survive the longest? A) Livers B) Lungs C

32、) Hearts D) Cornea.For a kidney to be preserved from 48 to 72 hours, a complicated machine is required to provide artificial circulation. To keep a kidney undamaged for longer than 72 hours is difficult. Blood cells, spermatozoa(精子)and certain other dissociated tissue cells can be frozen to subzero

33、temperatures and kept alive indefinitely. 35. Cooling_.A) can help preserve kidneys without damage for 72 hoursB) keeps blood cells alive very long in subzero temperaturesC) can not stop blood supplyD) keeps organs from deterioratingSpecial preserving fluids will prevent cell destruction by ice-crys

34、tals, but these fluids have damaging effects if introduced into whole organs such as the kidney. 33. Which of the following is TRUE?A) A newly removed kidney can be kept alive in a refrigerator for 1 to 2 days.B) A dead kidney can be made to live after blood is reinfused into its blood vessels.

35、C) Special preserving fluid can be infused into blood vessel of the kidney.D) Kidney may be damaged when frozen to an extremely low degree.P320P4（雪崩）Death comes quickly in the mountains. Each winter holiday-makers are caught unconscious as they happily ski away from the fixed runs, little realizing

36、that a small avalanche can send them crashing in a bone-breaking fall down the slope and leave them buried under tons of crisp white snow. . 51. Each winter holiday makers in the mountains come face to face with death because _ .A. they fail to realize how dangerous avalanches can beB. they are not

37、expert enough at skiing on the fixed runsC. they are trying to avoid areas where avalanches happenD. they ski great distances down the mountainsidesThe snow in the Salzburg of Austria, where a recent disaster took place, was typical avalanche material. 52. According to the writer, skiing conditions

38、in the Salzburg area of Austria before the accident happened were _.A. perfect for the inexperienced skierB. unsafe because the new snow was covered with iceC. typical of conditions resulting in avalanchesD. suitable only for skiing locally. Problems come when any particular section is too thick and

39、 not sticking to the section beneath. . The result of these conditions is that even a slight increase in the temperatures sends a thin stream of water between the new snow and the old. Then the new snow simply slides off the mountain. 53. It would appear from the passage that avalanches are brought

40、about because _ .A. a particular section of snow is not thick enoughB. there is a slight fall in the temperatureC. heavy snowfalls turn into rainD. the ice between different sections of snow meltsSuch slides are not unexpected. Local citizens know the slopes which tend to avalanche and the weather i

41、n which such slides are likely. Traps are set to catch the snow or prevent it slipping; bombs are placed and exploded from time to time to set off small avalanches before a big one has time to build up; and above all, skiers are warned not to ski in danger areas. 54. In areas where avalanches are kn

42、own to happen _ . (推理题)A. local residents stay indoors when the weather is badB. measures are taken to prevent serious avalanchesC. small avalanches can easily be preventedD. skiers form themselves into a wall to keep the snow in positionIn spite of this, avalanches happen in unexpected areas and, o

43、f course, skiers ignore the warnings. The one comfort to recreational skiers, however, is that avalanche incidents on the marked ski slopes are quite rare. No ski resort wants the image of being a death trap.55. Although accidents do happen, skiers will be reasonably safe if _. (推理题)A. they stay on

44、the officially approved slopesB. they ski only for pleasureC. they ski only at resortsD. they choose less crowded ski slopesP277P2（分期付款）10月12号In Western countries people have been using the installment plan since the first half of the twentieth century. Today, a large number of families in Great Bri

45、tain buy furniture, household goods and cars by installments. In the U.S., the figure is much higher than in Great Britain, and people there spend over 10 percent of their income on the installment plan.41. Which of the following is NOT true about the installment plan? A. A lot of British families u

46、se the installment plan.B. More than 10 percent American families buy things on installments.C. Americans depend more on installment than British people do.D. Americans spend one tenth of their income on installment buying.The price of an article bought on installments is always higher than the pric

47、e that would be paid by cash. There is a charge for interest. 42. Goods bought on installments are more expensive than goods bought by cash because _. A. the buyer has to pay extra money as interest B. the delivery of the goods charges extra money C. the buyer has to pay a down payment D. the servic

48、e offered by installment plan charged extra money. The legal ownership of the goods remains with the seller until the final payment has been made.43. What will happen to a buyer if he fails to make the full payment for an item bought on installments? A. He might lose his job. B. He will stop owning

49、the item he has bought.C. He will have to sell what he has bought. D. He will go into debt.Installment buying has advantages and disadvantages. It can help couples with small incomes to furnish their homes and start housekeeping. It increases the demand for goods, and in this way helps business and

50、employment. 44. The advantage of installment buying might include all the following EXCEPT that _.A. purchasing power is strengthened B. employment might be increasedC. people develop a good habit of saving money D. young couples are able to furnish their homes. This is why, in some countries, the g

51、overnment controls the installment plan by fixing the amount of the down payment and installments(by doing sth. 表示采用的手段、方法) to discourage people from buying more than they can pay for on the installment plan.45. In some countries, the governments control the installment plan to _.A. increase employm

52、ent B. avoid depressionsC. ensure that businesses make good profits D. ensure that people can pay for what they buyP308P3（英国中小学教育制度）Under the 1944 Act, primary and secondary education became a local responsibility. 46. The first paragraph tells the reader that in Britain, in accordance with the 1944

53、 act, _ A. the government no longer cared about the secondary and primary educationB. Scotland had to be responsible for its secondary and primary educationC. there were more schools run by voluntary religious organizationsD. private organization and institutions could also run their own schoolsPrim

54、ary education is free and .Secondary education, .,is provided by LEAs for children aged 11 to 19; it is free and compulsory to age 16 (the minimum leaving age being raised from 15 in 1972).47. Before 1972, _ A. children under the age of 15 must go to schoolB. only children under 16 did not pay for t

55、heir educationC. children could choose not to receive secondary educationD. secondary education was not completely freeUnder the 1944 Act children were examined at age 11(the so-called eleven plus), on the basis of which they were assigned either to grammar schools, which prepared them for higher ed

56、ucation, or to secondary modern schools, which they usually left at the minimum leaving age, 48. The eleven plus examination was one _ A. that tested the students on their grammar knowledgeB. that prepared the students for higher educationC. that prepared the students for secondary modern schoolsD.

57、that placed children into different secondary schools【第三段第一句指出，学生们11岁(小学毕业)时参加所谓“11岁加”考试.根据成绩，可以进入到普通中学(grammar school)上学，也可能进入到中等现代学校学习.进入普通中学(grammar school)学习的学生可以再考大学，而进入现代学校学习的学生通常在所规定的义务制教育的年龄离开学校，他们通常不参加大学考试(public examination)，因此也没有什么证书.】In 1964 the Labor government reorganized secondary edu

58、cation on comprehensive lines; that is, each school accepted pupils of all abilities. The eleven plus was abolished in many areas, and the great majority of children now go to comprehensive schools.49. In 1964 in Britain, _ A. secondary modern schools were improved to include children of all abiliti

59、esB. primary education was adjusted to include children of all abilitiesC. most children began to go into comprehensive schools after primary educationD. the eleven plus examinations were declared illegal in most cities.In addition, , and the Inner London Education Authority, which provided education in the inner London boroughs, was abolished.50. Why was the Inner London Education Authority abolished?A.Because it refased to carry out educational reform.B.Because it limited school enroll