高中英语单元测试卷1新

1、百度文库让每个人平等地提升自我单元测试卷（一）（时间：100分钟；满分：120分）I.阅读理瞰共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出具佳选项。AAnewstudyhasclaimedthatmenreallyarcmoreintelligentthanstudyconcludedthatmen'sIQsarcalmostfourpointshigherthanwomen's.British-bornresearcherJohnPhilippeRustonsaysthefindingcouldexplainwhysofew

2、womenmakeittothetopintheworkplace.Heclaimsthe“glassceiling"phenomenonisprobablyduetoinferior（较差的）intclliguncu,ratherthandiscriminationorlackofopportunity.TheUniversityofWesternOntariopsychologist。!?理学家）ruachudhisconclusionafterscrutinizingtheresultsofunivcrsit）rteststakenby100,000studentsaged17

3、and18ofbothsexes.Afocusonthefactorssuchastheabilitytoquicklygraspofacomplexconcept,verbalreasoningskillsandcreativity-someofthekeyfactorsofintelligenceshowedthatthemaleteenagershadIQsthatwereanaverageofpointsaveragepersonhasanIQofaround100.ThefindingStwhichheldtrueforallclassesandlevelsofparentaledu

4、cation»overturn（推翻）a100-yearconclusionthatmenandwomenaveragethesameingeneralmentalalsoconflictwithevidencethatgirlsdobetterinschoolexamsthanboys.ButProfessorRustonarguesthatthefastermaturingofgirlsleadstothemperformingbetterthanboysintheclassroom.语篇解读】最新科研功效表明，男性比女性智商高。1. Thereportismainlyabout

5、-A. astudythatshowsmenareclevererthanwomenBthe44glassceiling"phenomenonC. ProfessorRuston*stheoryofIQD. thedifferencebetweenthemaleandfemale【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句话即点明中心，介绍一项研究功效一一男性比女性智商高°【答案】A2. Theunderlinedword°scrutinizing"inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans.A.makingupB.carryingout

6、C.examiningcarefullyD.lookingat【解析】词义猜想题。按照第四段内容可知，得出结论应该是在“仔细研究”实验结果以后。【答案】C3. WecaninferthattheaveragewomanhasanIQof.A.alittlelessthan100B.100C.morethan100D.【解析】推理判断题。文章第五段提到男性的平均智商比女性高，而人的平均智商约为100。那么可推断出，女性的平均智商应略低于100。【答案】A4. WhichofthefollowingopinionsdoesProfessorRustonNOTaccept?A. Men'sI

7、Qsarealmostfourpointshigherthanwomen's.B. Fewwomenmakeittothetopintheworkplace.C. Menandwomenaveragethesameingeneralmentalability.D. Thefastermaturingofgirlsleadstothemoutshiningboysintheclassroom.【解析】细节理解题。按照第六段第一句可知，研究功效证明男性与女性在心智能力上是不同的，C不正确。【答案】cBYawningissocontagious（具有传染性的）thatchimpanzeesc

8、an"catch”itfromcartoonsaccordingtoresearch.ScientistsfromEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,theUS,havediscoveredthatacartoonofayawningchimpwillstimulate（刺激）realchimpstodescribeintheRoyalSocietyjournal,Proceedings万，howthiscouldassistinthefuturestudyofempathy（同感，共鸣）Theworkcouldalsohelpexplainitandhowcomput

9、ergamesmightcausechildrentoimitatewhattheyseeonscreen.Previousstudieshavealreadyshowncontagiousyawninginchimpanzees-stimulatedbyvideo-recordedfootageofyawns.“Wewantedtoexpandonthat,“explainedMatthewCampbell,aresearcherfromEmoryUniversity'sYerkesNationalPrimateResearchCenterandleadauthorofthestud

10、y."We'reinterestedinusingcartoonsforpresentingstimulitoanimals»becausewecancontrolallthefeaturesofwhatweshowthem,Mhecontinued.AlthoughDrCampbelldoesn'tthinkthechimpswere“fooled"bythecartoonsintothinkingtheywerelookingatrealchimps,heexplainedthattherewasevidencethatchimpanzees“

11、processanimated（动画的）facesthesamewaytheyprocessphotographsoffacesM.Hesaid,"It'snotarealchimpanzeebutthiskindoflookslikeachimpanzee>andtheyrespondtothat.”Heandhisteam,includingDevynCarterwhodesignedthecartoonstshowedtheanimalstheyawningsequences.“Wealsohadthecartoonsdoingothermovementswith

12、theirmouthsthatthechimpsoftendo,“hesaid."Thechimpsshowedalotmoreyawningduringtheyawnvideowhenthecontrolvideoswereplaying.”HetoldBBCNewsthattheonlywayheandhiscolleaguescouldexplainthe44verystrongdifference*'theysawwasthatseeingtheyawnsmadetheanimalsyawn.【语篇解读】研究表明，黑猩猩会仿照动画片中黑猩猩的打哈欠动作，若是能充分利用

13、黑猩猩的这种仿照能力，人类对动物行为的控制将取得重大冲破。5. Accordingtothepassagethescientistshavefoundthat.A. yawningisacontagiousfacialexpressionamongchimpsB. chimpswillimitateacartoonchimpwhoisyawningC. chimpsareabletounderstandcartoonsverywellD. chimpslikewatchingcartoonsverymuch【解析】细节理解题。按照第二段第一句可知黑猩猩看到动画片中打哈欠的黑猩猩时,会进行仿照。

14、【答案】B6. Accordingtothepassagewecanlearnthat.A. yawningonbothcartoonvideosandpicturescanmakechimpsyawnB. DevynCarterledthestudyaboutcontagiousyawningC. childrenwillalsobestimulatedtoyawnbythevideosofchimpsD. peoplecancontrolallthefeaturesofanimalsthroughcartoons【解析】细行理解题。按照第五段后半部份中的内容可知无论是动画片中仍是图片中的打

15、哈欠动作都可让黑猩猩打哈欠。【答案】A7. Bystudyingtheactionofchimpsthescientistshopeto.A. teachthemmorebodylanguageofhumanbeingsB. learnhowchimpsusetheirbrainstostudyC. controltheactionsandbehaviorsofanimalsD. createmorecharmingcartooncharacters【解析】推理判断题。黑猩猩看到动画片中打哈欠的黑猩猩后会进行仿照，第四段的后半部份提到科学家可以控制所有的播放内容，由此可推断科学家希望通过研究黑

16、猩猩的仿照行为来控制动物的行为和举止。【答案】C8. Thepassageismainlytalkingabout.A. aseriousresearchaboutchimps*bodylanguageB. thosecontagiousgesturesofanimalsC. whychildrenimitatewhattheyseeonTVD. astudyaboutchimps'abilityofimitating【解析】主旨大意题。本文是一篇研究报导，第一段是文章的中心段，按照该段内容可知文章是关于黑猩猩仿照能力的一项研究。【答案】DCThefirstpersonwhoreall

17、yopenedtheworld,seyestotheplight（苦难）ofAfrica*syoungAidsvictimswas11-year-oldNkosiJohnson,whomadeaspeechatthe2,000internationalAidsconferenceinDurban.“IhatehavingAidsbecauseIgetverysickandIgetverysadwhenIthinkofalltheotherchildrenandbabiesthataresickwithAids,“theshortyoungstertold10,000delegatesfroma

18、roundtheworld.Nkosiwhowasatthetimethecountry1slongestlivingHIV-positivechild,diedthefollowingadoptivemother（养母），GailJohnsonwhosestoryisbeingturnedintoaHollywoodmoviesaidNkosiwouldhavebeenexcitedtoknowchildrencangetARVs（抗逆转录病毒药物）andlivelongerlives.“Buthewouldsurelybedisappointedtherearenotasmanyasthe

19、reshouldbe,”shesaid.EvenwhenchildrenmanagetogetARVs,somehavenobodytomakesuretheytakethemcorrectly,astheirparentsdieoraretoosicktocareforthem.ThoselivingwithHIVwhodosurvivebeyondchildhoodoftenfacehugechallengesthattheirfriendscanonlyimagine>includinghowtodeveloprelationshipswith4百度文库让每个人平等地提升自我mem

20、bersoftheoppositesexandhavehealthychildrenthemselves.About11-millionchildreninsub-SaharanAfricawhohavelostoneorbothparentstothediseaseareoftenlefttosupportthemselves.SilindileNcwane(17)fromKwaZulu-Natalprovinceexplainedtheproblemsoflivingwithhiselderlygrandmotherwhotookhimandhisbrothersandsistersina

21、fterhismotherdied.“Formeit'sveryhardtogetthemreadyforschooleverydayandhelpthemwiththeiralwaysaskquestionsIdon'tknowhowtoanswerandit'sveryhardforambeingamothertothem,“Ncwane'sgrandmothersaid.【语篇解读】由于NkosiJohnson,世界开始关注非洲年轻的艾滋病患者。现在，他们可以通过服用ARVs来延长寿命，但是，他们面临的生活困难还有很多很多。9. NkosiJohnson.

22、A. drewtheworld'sattentiontotheproblemsofAfrica'syoungAidspatientsBmadeaspeechonhumanrightsataninternationalmeetingC. playedthepartofanAidsvictiminamovieD. didalottohelpchildrenwithAidsinAfrica【解析】细节理解题。由文章的第一句话可知，NkosiJohnson是第一个吸引世人关注非洲年轻的艾滋病患者问题的男孩.【答案】A10. Whatchallengesmaythegrown-upswi

23、thHIVface?A. Howtheycanlivewithouttheirparents.B. Howtheycanmakefriendswithothers.C. Whethertheycangetmarriedandhavehealthychildren.D. Whethertheycanlivealongerlife.【解析】细行理解题。由倒数第四段可以看出，如何和异性朋友发展关系并生育出自己的健康的孩子是成年艾滋病患者所面临的一大挑战，而不是说交普通的朋友，所以C项正确C【答案】C11. SomeAidschildrencannotcorrectlytakeARVs,because

24、.A. theirparentscan'ttakecareofthemverywellB. themedicineisnotveryeffectiveforchildrenC. takingthemedicinewillbringmanysideeffectsD. Aidschildrendon'treadtheinstructionsofthemedicine【解析】细行理解题。由倒数第五段内容可知，对于有些艾滋病患儿来讲，没人能确保他们正确服用了ARVs,因为他们的父母要么已归天，要么有病而无法照顾他们。故选A项。【答案】A12. Fromthepassage»w

25、ecanknowthat.A. NkosiwasdisappointedwithhisadoptivemotherB. SilindileNcwanewastakengoodcareofbyhisgrandmotherC. childrenwhoarelivingwithAidsgetlowmarksintheirstudiesD. therearenotenoughARVsfortheAidsvictimsinAfrica【解析】细在理解题。由第四段可以看出，在非洲没有足够的抗逆转录病毒药物来医治艾滋病患者。A、B、C三项均与文意不符。故选D项。【答案】DDBillGatesthebilli

26、onaireMicrosoftchairmanwithoutasingleuniversitydegree,isbyhissuccessraisingnewdoubtsabouttheworthofthebusinessworld*sfavoriteacademictitle：theMBA(MasterofBusinessAdministration).TheMBA,a20thcenturyproduct,alwayshasbornethemarkoflowlycommerceandgreedonthetree-linedcampusesruledbypurerdisciplinessucha

27、sphilosophyandliterature.Butevenwiththerecessionapparentlycuttingdownthehiringofbusinessschoolgraduates»about79,000peoplewereexpectedtoreceiveMBAsinwasnearly16timesthenumberofbusinessgraduatesin1960.“Ifyouaregoingintothecorporateworld,itisstilladisadvantagenottohaveone,"saidDonaldMorrison&

28、#187;professorofmarketingandmanagementscience.“Butinthelastfiveyearsorso,whensomeonesays,4ShouldIattempttogetanMBA?,theansweris"Itdepends.'”ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs»suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesover

29、theworthofabusinessdegreeandwhethermanagementskillscanbetaught.HarvardBusinessReviewprintedalively»fictionalexchangeofletterstodramatizecomplaintsaboutbusinessdegreearticlecalledMBAhiresuextremelydisappointing"andsaid44MBAswanttomoveuptoofast；theydontunderstandpoliticsandpeople,andtheyaren

30、'tabletofunctionaspartofateamuntiltheirthirdbythen,they*reoutlookingforotherjobs.”Theproblem,mostparticipantsinthedebateacknowledge»isthattheMBAhasacquiredanaura（气氛）offuturerichesandpowerfarbeyonditsactualimportanceandusefulness.BusinesspeoplewhohavehiredorworkedwithMBAssaythosewiththedegre

31、esoftenknowhowtoanalyzesystemsbutarenotsoskillfulatmotivatingpeople.【语篇解读】工商管理硕士学位是不是值得拥有？本文主要以世界商业巨头比尔盖茨和很多成功人士都没有这一学位为例，对此提出质疑。13. ItseemsthattheargumentoverthevalueofMBAdegreesisfueledmainlyby.A. thecomplaintsfrommanyemployersB. thesuccessofmanynon-MBAsC. thecriticismfromthescientistsofpurerdisci

32、plinesD. thepoorperformanceofMBAsatwork【解析】细i?理解题。按照第五段中的“ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelate.hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesM0J知B项正确。【答案】B14. WhatisthemajorweaknessofMBAholdersaccordingtotheHarvardBusinessReview?A. Theyareusuallyself-centered.B. Theyareaggressiveandgreedy.C. T

33、heykeepcomplainingabouttheirjobs.D. Theyarenotgoodatdealingwithpoliticsandpeople.【解析】细节理解题。按照第六段第二句中的“MBAswanttomoveuptoofast,theydon'tunderstandpoliticsandpeople,andtheyaren*tabletofunctionaspartofateamuntiltheirthirdyear.”可知,他们不睬解政治和人际交往,不能处置好团队协作，故D项正确。【答案】D15. FromthepassageweknowthatmostMBA

34、s.A. canclimbthecorporateladderfairlyquicklyB. quittheirjobsoncetheyarefamiliarwiththeirworkmatesC. receivesalariesthatdonotmatchtheirprofessionaltrainingD. cherishunrealisticexpectationsabouttheirfuture【解析】推理判断题。按照倒数第二段中的“.theMBAhasacquiredanaura（气氛）offuturerichesandpowerfarbeyonditsactualimportanc

35、eandusefulness.”可知D项正确。【答案】DII.阅读填句（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）按照短文内容，从短文后的选项当选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Childreninkindergartenshavealotofchancestointeract（互动）withotherchildrenattheiryourchildisnotinit,itcanbefunandhelpfultocreatechancestoplaywitharesomethingsyoucandotosupportyourchild'searlypartnerrelatio

36、nship.Scheduleregularplaymates.Startwhenyourchildisaroundoneyearofage,setasideafewtimesaweekforplaytimewithso,youstillmightwanttogiveyourbabyachanceobserveandinteractwithchildrenwhoareatthesamedevelopmentallevel.Joinaplaygroup.17Thiscanbeagreatwayforyourchildtointeractwithherpartners>andlearntofe

37、elcomfortableinanewanaddedbenefit,whileyourchildplays»youcantalkwithotherparentswhohavechildrenthesameageasyourown._18_Youcanorganizeaplaygroundinyourownmayinvolvejustoneotherchild,orasmanyasthreeor：safetyfirst.Offerguidancewhenneeded.Ifyouseeachildplayinginawaythatmighthurtanothercertainlyyoun

38、eedtohelpherfindasaferwaytohaverememberthatsomechildrenneedtowatchforawhilebeforetheyfeelcomfortablejoiningin-encourageeveryonetojointhefun,butdon'tpush.A. Makeyourhomesafeforplay.B. Makesurethereisanopenclassroomyoucanuse.C. You'11needasafespacethathasbeencarefullychildproofed.D. Itisalsone

39、cessarytohelpachildwhodoesnotknowhowtogetstarted.E. Manycommunitieshaveorganizedplaygroupsforyoungchildren.FItisenoughtohaveafewinterestingandsafetoystohelpeveryonefeelcomfortable.GIfyouhaveolderchildren,ofcourse,theywilldoalotofplayingwithyouryoungerones.【答案】1620GEACDHL完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下而短文，

40、从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myearsarerecentlyfullofjoyousremarksfrommyfriendssuchas,"Oh,Beckhamissohandsome,socool,thatIcan*thelpfallinginlovewithhim!or"whatperfectskillshehas!”Yeah,Iagree21somedegree,thoughIsometimesdowanttoaskthemhowmuchthey22Beckham,apartfromhisappearanceandh

41、owmuchtheyknowaboutfootball23scoringseemsfunnythatwearecrazyforthings,withwhichweareunfamiliaror24weareuncertain,butweall.myfriends2511considerthis26,Weneedthesepleasurestobrightenupourthatdoesn,tamounttocraziness27nonsense（ffllrH）.Asanoldsaying28："Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover.Weshouldnot29any

42、thingfromitsshouldallknow,itisone'sgoodcharacterandgreatcontributionthat30oneastarandwe'dbettersay31aboutBeckham'sgoodlooks.Ifwecloseoureyes,_32indeepthought»wecanfindthatthethings33ustobeintruthhappy,sadormoved34aclearwedon'tgodeeperandjustsatisfiedwithsuperficial俵而的）things,35w

43、ewillfindthatwehavenotreallygainedanything36ourfirstimpressionhasblindedandmisledus,andwe*11remainignorant（愚昧无知的）37werealizethatandmakesomechanges.Itisbelievedthatthinkingandgoingdeeperthanbeforeissignofgreat38.Ifonedaywearewillingtogodeeperintoeverything,nomatterhowmuchit39us»wewillfinallyprov

44、ehowmuchwehavegrownup,howmuchmoresensible（明智的），matureandintelligentwehave40.【语篇解读】本文是一篇具有必然哲理和教育意义的、夹叙夹议的议论文。21. B.onC.inD.at【解析】介词的固定搭配，''在某种程度上”。【答案】A22. fromB.learnC.knowD.knowabout【解析】knowabout“了解”从下文中也能找到相同的短语。【答案】D23. thanB.exceptforC.exceptD.apartfrom【解析】apartfrom”除外，还有”,具有“附加性质”。其他选项

45、具有“排他性质”。从上文中也能找到相同的短语。【答案】D24. whichBaboutthatC.aboutwhichD.which【解析】此题为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，about与beuncertain搭配。【答案】C25. B.aswellasC.ratherthanD.but【解析】从上文中的weall判断，“不单单是我，还有我的朋友”。【答案】B26. oflife，spleasuresB.pleasuresoflifeC.oneoflife'ssorrowD.oneoflife'sregrets【解析】从结构上判断，此句含有宾语和宾补结构，宾语为this,后用

46、单数。从下文的意义上判断，为“生活中的乐趣之一”°【答案】A27. B.andC.orD.orelse【解析】否定句顶用。r连接。”不要达到疯狂和胡闹的程度”。【答案】C28. B.talksC.tellsD.goes【解析】“正如俗语所说的”，此四个选项都有“说”之意，但是它们都有自己的搭配,“说语言，演讲”：“交谈”；“告知”：如用says是正确的,此题中的goes与says同义。【答案】D29. B.judgeC.acceptD.conclude【解析】judge.by.或judge.from.按照判断”，从上句中能找到相同的意义。【答案】B30. B.causesC.buil

47、dsD.creates【解析】“是一个人好的道德和贡献才使其成为明星”。make以后接复合宾语。【答案】A31. B.muchC.worseD.less【解析】从上下文意义上判断，“在外貌上要少说”。【答案】D32. A.fellB.fallenC.fallingD.fall【解析】从句子结构上分析，用此刻分词形式作伴随状语。【答案】c33. moveB.thatmovesC.moveD.moves【解析】从句子结构上分析，此处为定语从句，that代替先行词things,所以谓语用复数形式，关系代词在从句中作主语，that不能省略。【答案】A34. B.haveC.includeD.cover

48、【解析】此句的句子结构较复杂，主语是前而的thethings,此题要填谓语动词，由于主语和谓语之间有一个定语从句，造成了句子的复杂性，意义为“有明确的意义”。【答案】B35. factB.indeedC.inawhileD.soonerorlater【解析】从意义上判断，“若是咱们不注重内含，知足表而的东西，早晚会发现咱们将一无所得”。【答案】D36. B.eventhoughC.becauseD.although【解析】从句子的连接上分析有“因果”关系。【答案】C37. ifB.althoughC.unlessD.if【解析】从意义上判断，“除非咱们意识到这点并做某些改变，不然的话"

49、;,11百度文库让每个人平等地提升自我【答案】C38. B.progressC.effortD.work【解析】从意义上判断，”更注重内涵是一个人进步(成熟)的象征”。【答案】B39. B.painsC.worriesD.minds【解析】pains在此为及物动词，意为“费(苦)心”，这种意义与上下文是相通的。【答案】B40. B.madeC.hadD.become【解析】按照句子结构判断，应该用系动词。【答案】DM语法填空(共10小题:每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015全国卷II)Theadobedwellings(上坯房

50、)(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyevenmostmodernofarchitectsandadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir(able)to“aircondition"ahousewithout(use)electricmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat(slow)duringcoolnights,thus

51、warmingtheanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough(cool)thehouseduringthehotday：sametime,theywarmupagainforthecycle(go)dayafterday：Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset(M消)fortheoutside(nature)architectsthePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyt

52、headobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国西南部的普韦布洛印第安人修建的上坯房，这些屋子白天吸收热量，晚上释放热量，从而使得房间内的温度适宜。这些屋子让此刻的建筑师和工程师都赞叹不已。41. built考查过去分词用法。由谓语动词areadmired可知此处填非谓语动词，adobedwellings与build是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。42. the考查冠词用法。按照句意可知此处为形容词最高级，故应该在most前加the.43. ability考查词性转换之形容词变成名词。空格

53、前的their是形容词性物主代词，其后应该接名词。44. using考查动名词用法。由空格前的介词without可知空格处应该利用动名词形式。45. slowly考查副词用法。按照空格前的giveoutthatheat可知，这里应利用副词修饰动词短语，指缓慢地（slowly）释放白天吸收的热量。46. tocool考查动词不定式用法。be+adj：+enough+todosth.是固定结构，意为“足够，能够做某事”。结合空格前的coldenough可知后而应利用动词不定式。47. at考查介词用法。atthesametime意为"同时”，是一个固定词组。48. goes考查时态。此处指前而提到的循环不断地持续下去。这种情况是客观事实，故用一般此刻时。49. natural考查词性转换之名词变成形容词。结合空格后的architects可知应该用形容词作定语，修饰名词，因此填natural。50. how考查连词用法及理解语境的能力。空格后面的thick是一个形容词，填how引导宾语从句,从句作figuredout的宾语。V.短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分1