五种时态一般现在时的_一般过去式_现在进行_现在完成时_一般将来时

1、 动词的时态动词的时态 初中英语的动词时态主要有五种:一般现在时一般现在时,一一般过去时般过去时,一般将来时一般将来时,现在进行时现在进行时,现在完成时现在完成时. 1. 一般现在时： 构成构成:主要由动词原形表示，但在第三人称单数时要在词尾加-s 。否定句和疑问句要用助动词do, does. 一般现在时 的标志性时间标志性时间：every( year,otherday ,twodays,week,month) ,often ,always,usually ,sometimes, in the morning,in summer,on Sunday 用法用法3种情况种情况 A. 经常性或习惯性

2、的动作。如The trees get green in spring . 。B现在特征或状态。如The Changjiang River is the longest in our country.He doesn t work in the factory .C.普遍真理。如The sun rises in the east . Five and two in seven . 否定形式：否定形式：1.dont+动词原形I dont like it. They dont like it. 2.当主语是第三人称单数时，则为: doesnt+动词原形He doesnt like it. 一般疑问句

3、：一般疑问句：把do 或does 放在主语的前面， 后面动词用原形 Do you like it? Does Ann like it?Does he like it ? 2现在进行时： 构成：构成：句子的结构如下： be am is +动词的动词的“ing”形式形式 are 标志性时间标志性时间now 用法用法 A,主要表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。如： 1. I am listening to the music now. 2. The students are drawing pictures now. 3. Listen! She is singing . 4. Look! Mr Li

4、 is riding a bike. B,有些动词的现在进行时表示近期按计划计划或安排要进行的动作。这些动词是：go ,come, leave ,start ,arrive , return ,work sleep,stay,play,do,have ,wear.She is coming to see me tomorrow. 其中，动词的动词的ing形式变化规则形式变化规则： A.在动词后直接加在动词后直接加ing: go-going , wash-washing,flyflying B.以单个元音以单个元音+单个辅音单个辅音+e结尾结尾 ， 去掉去掉e加加ing,如如 ：drivedri

5、ving, ride-riding C.某些单词要双写词尾的字母：某些单词要双写词尾的字母：swim- swimming runrunning get-getting3.按要求进行句型转换： 1. Look! Lily is dancing.（改为一般疑问句） _ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.（改为否定句） _ 3. Mrs White is watching TV.（对划线部分提问） _ 4. I am doing homework.（改为否定句） _ 5. They are waiting for you at the library.（就划线部分提问

6、） _ 3 一般将来时： 构成： will/shall动词原形表示将来发生 的动作或将来存在的状态 表示一种倾向或一种固有特性或经常发生的动作be going to动词原形标识即将发生的或最近打算进行的事标志性时间标志性时间： tomorrow, next month, in two days, It wont rain tonight . I shall meet you at the station. 适应情况适应情况：主要表示将要发生的动作或情况。He is going to have a swim tomorrow. 特殊情况特殊情况：有些动词如go,come,leave,arrive

7、，start,move等位置移动词可用现在进行时现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 一般将来时练习:( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this w

8、eek, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; g

9、oing to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Whe

10、re is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they c

11、ome, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming

12、back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. the

13、y dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go

14、 B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be( )

15、21. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have( ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be( ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be( ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine

16、 from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows( ) 25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? _ （好的）. A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you wont.( ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is goin

17、g to C. will be D. will is( ) 27. _ open the window? A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you( ) 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming( ) 29. It _ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C

18、. spends D. will spend( ) 30. The train _ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving答案1. C 2. D 3. D 4.D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 5.现在完成时现在完成时：

19、 构成：构成：助动词助动词have/has+过去分词过去分词(done) 句型：句型： 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语简略答语: Yes, 主语主语 + have/has.(肯定肯定)No, 主语主语 + havent/hasnt.(否定否定) 标志性时间标志性时间： since ,for（one year.）, just, already, yet ,in the last five years, before.so far 适应的情况适应的情况： （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成

20、）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是含义是:现在我没有现在我没有钱花了钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在含义：郭子君现在在这儿这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿我爸爸现在不在这儿) 。（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（在的动作（用行为动

21、词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与动词表示）常与for（+时间段）时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用时间点或过去时的句子）连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了去了(现在不在说话现场现在不在说话现场) Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不

22、在去过的地方）去过（已不在去过的地方） My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 现在完成时的标志现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以以already, just和和yet为标志为标志 H

23、e has already got her help.他已得到她的帮他已得到她的帮助。助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。他还没有回来。 * 以以ever和和never为标志为标志This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。他从没有到过北京。 * 以动作发生的次数为标志以动作发生的次数为标志He says

24、 he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。他说他已经去过美国三次了。 * 以以so far（到目前为止）为标（到目前为止）为标+before He has got to Beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了到目前为止他已到了北京。北京。 She has passed the examso far.到目前为止到目前为止她已经通过了考试。她已经通过了考试。 2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有甚至有可能继续延续下去可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作我们可以从动作“延续延续”的的特性和特性和“时间时间”点段的区分入手点段的区分入手,进一步学习现进一步学习现在完成时。在完成时。 * for+时段时段 since+过去一个时间点过去一个时间点（过去（过去 从句）为标志从句）为标志 注意：注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用语连用, 如如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等等; 2)不能与不能与wh