（精心整理）小升初备考之语法动词

1、 第五节 动词 考点精析动词是表示动作、存在、变化的词。从含义上来分，动词主要分为莲京动词、情态动词、助动词和行为动词（实义动词）四大类。一、连系动词 连系动词在小学阶段主要是be动词和五个常见的感官动词。 在句中作谓语动词，后面跟表语。英语中连系动词有be（是），seem（似乎），look（看来）， keep（保持），become（变成），get(变得)，grow(变得)，feel(感到)，turn（变得，变成），appear（显得），remain（仍旧是）等。 1be动词有很多形式：am，is，are；was，were。 2be动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。I用am，you用are,

2、 is用于“他、她、它”；复数全部都用are。 3 be动词可以和主语一起写成缩写。如：I am= I'm，you are= youre，he is：hes，she is= she's，they are= they're等。但要注意，不是所有的主语都可以和be动词缩写，不能缩写的要特殊记忆。如：This is不能写成This's; I am not不能缩写成I amnt。Yes后面的简略回答都不能缩写：Yes，he is不能写成Yes，he's. Yes, we are.不能写成Yes，we're.等等。4五个常见感官动词，见下表：类别联系动词词

3、义例句感官动词look sound smell tastefeel 看起来听起来闻起来尝起来感到1. The man looks handsome.2. It sounds nice. 3. The tea smells fresh. 4. How does it taste? 5. I dont feel well today. 二、情态动词 情态动词有can（能），may（可以，也许），must(必须)等及其过去式could，might等，表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或态度。情态动词不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词。 1特点： (1)没有人称和数的变化。 (2)后

4、面跟动词原形。 (3)肯定句变否定句时，直接在后面加not即可。 (4)变一般疑问句时，置于句首。 注意have to在疑问句中的位置。 Do you have to go out today? 你今天一定得出去吗？ Does he have to finish the work tomorrow? 他明天非做完这项工作不可吗？2否定式情态动词和助动词一样，后面可直接跟否定词not。珊将情态动词的否定式及其否定式的简略式（简咯式用于口语中）列举如下： shall not-shant will not-won't can not-cant must not-mustn't sho

5、uld not-shouldnt would not - wouldn't could not-couldn't dare not-daren't need not-needn't 3can的用法 (1)表示能力、功能：能，会 The classroom can seat thirty students.这间教室能坐三十位学生。 Jim can drive now吉姆现在会开车了。 (2)表示可能性：可能，可能会 I think the work can be completed ahead of time.我认为这项工作能提前完成。 (3)表示允许、请求：可以

6、 You can't take the book out of the room.你不可以将这本书拿出室外。 Can I use your pencil? 我可以用一下你的铅笔吗？ (4)表示命令：必须 If you wont keep quiet you can get out.你如不保持安静，就请你走。 4must的用法 (1)表示必要、命令或强制：必须，得 You mustn't talk like that.你可不能这样说话。 You must do as you are told.你必须遵嘱行事。 We must be home by seven.我们必须在七点以前回

7、家。 （2）表示肯定的推测：一定 The boy must be your brother.这男孩一定是你的兄弟。 5may的用法 (1)表示可能陛：可能，也许 She may be a nurse.她可能是个护士。 （2)表示许可或请求许可：可以 “May I come in?"Yes，please.“我可以进来吗？”“是的，请进。” 6情态动词的区别 区别在语气上。在这四个词语里may表示“可以”，它的语气最委婉，最有礼貌，通常请求时都用到may。如：May I came in?我能进来吗？can表示“能、会”，通常用来表示某人的能力，也可以用于请求的句子里，但语气没有may委婉

8、。如：Can I have some noodles?我能吃点面条吗？must表示“必须”，通常用在命令的语气里。如：You must clean your bedroom first.你必须先打扫卧室。should表示“得，要、该”表示说话者的态度，通常用于询问别人接下来该干什么。三、助动词 助动词有shall，will，have，be，should，would，do等。它们只能和主要动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气等动词形式，以及否定和疑问等结构中的谓语动词。 He doesnt speak English.他不说英语。 Do you like playing football? 你喜欢踢

9、足球吗？ 四、行为动词 行为动词也叫实义动词，表示动作或状态，有完整的意义，能在句子中独立作谓语。它分为及物动词（必须有宾语）和不及物动词（不需要宾语）。典例剖析 例1请用am，is，are填空。 l. You _a student. I _a teacher. 2. The boys _ in the park, but Henry _ at home.分析：此题考查系动词的用法，注意主语的单、复数以及不同人称代词相对应的be的形式。答案：1. are，am 2are，is 例2单项选择：What _ your mother often do in the evening? Ado Bdoe

10、s Cis 分析：此题考查助动词的用法，由your mother以及后面的实义动词do可知选B。答案：B例3请用所给动词的适当形式填空。She _ (like)her brother very much. 分析：本节讲的动词的用法主要是随主语变化的形式，其他更多形式将在时态中考查。答案：likes 例4 Who can spell this word? I_. Acan Bdo Cam 分析：情态动词can在这表示能力，回答can疑问句时也用can或cant。 答案：A 易错题辨析 例；请用适当的情态动词填空。 1. _ I play computer games, mum? No, you

11、mustn't.2. Sorry, I _ do this math problem.3. You _ not copy others homework. The teacher often says.4. Lily_ sing very well.5. What_ you do then? 错解：l. Must 2.can 3.can 4.may 5.can分析：熟悉情态动词区别就必须要读懂句子意思，再运用英语习惯用法就不难了。第1题是请求玩电脑游戏，语气委婉，用May。第2题表示能力，有Sorry可判断没有能力，所以用否定形式can not。第3题语气强烈，不能抄袭作业，所以用mu

12、st。第4题表示能力，用can。第5题询问别人接下来该干什么，所以用should。正解：1.May 2.can not 3.must 4.can 5.should举一反三 基础达标 一、用 am, is, are, be填空。 l. This _ an apple. That _ a banana. 2.-How _ you? -I _ fine, thanks. 3. Those nice flowers. This yellow rose _ the best. 4. - _ you a worker? -Yes, I _. 5. Don't _ late for school.二

13、、单项选择 ( ) l. Six and rune _ fifteen. A. am B. is C. are( ) 2.-_my best friend, Lily. A. This's B. This is C. This are ( ) 3.These _ not my pencils. They_ theirs. A. am; are B. is; are C. are; are ( ) 4. Liu Lan and I _ in Class 2. A. am B. is C. are( ) 5.- _ you a doctor? -No, I _. A. Are; aren&

14、#39;t B.ls; amn't C. Are; am not( ) 6. I can _ it and Sam can _ it, too. A. see; see B. see; sees C. look; looks ( ) 7. -_ I have an apple? -Yes, you can. A. can B. Can C. Must ( ) 8. The children _ go home now. It's too late. A. can B. must C. are( ) 9. Lily _ do this work. She is too weak.

15、 A. can't B. isn't C. does ( ) 10. Sam, you _ sit here. It's for women only. A. aren't B. can't C. am not ( ) 11. - you usually play soccer after school? A. Do B. Can C. Are ( ) 12. It's time to go home. We _ go now. A. are B. can C. must ( ) 13. _ you go to the zoo with me t

16、omorrow? A. Do B. Will C. Does( ) 14. We _ come home late last night. A. aren't B. don't C. didn't ( ) 15.What _ you see in the picture? A. can B. are C. is( ) 16. -You sing an English song? -Yes, I can. Acan BCan CMust ( ) 17.- _I watch TV for a short time, mum? -No, you needn't. AM

17、ay BAm CDo 三、从方框中选择恰当的词，使它们成为正确的动词短语。 read buy pick climb take watch eat go play learn look feel sound taste smell 1_a book 2. _ gifts 3_ photos 4. _ noodles 5_ flowers 6. _ mountains 7_ shopping 8. _ English 9_TV 10. _ football 11. _ smooth 12. _ a good idea四、用所给词语的适当形式填空。 1. My aunt _ (do) housewo

18、rk at home. She _ (have not)a job. 2. My teacher_ (help) me with my lessons last night. 3. He often _ (do) homework and _ (watch) TV in the evening. 4.1 like _ (read) books and _ (dance) after school. 5. Let's _ (play) the piano. 6. Those girls are _ (sing) now. 7. Don't _ (play)in the class

19、room. 8. He often _ (watch) TV after dinner. 9. My mother _ (not read)in the evening every day. 10. My friend and I_ (go) to school every day. 五、从B栏中找出A栏的答案。 A B ( ) 1. What fruit do you like? A. No, she doesn't. ( ) 2. Where does he go? B. No, I'm not. ( ) 3. How do you get there? C. I like

20、 apples. ( ) 4. Does she like oranges? D. By bike. ( ) 5. Are you sleeping? E. He goes to a shop.能力达标 六、将下列句子改为一般疑问句并根据要求回答。 1My brother is in the bedroom.（作肯定回笞） _ 2Lily is playing with her friends.（作否定回答） _ 3You are a good child.（作否定回答） _4. I am washing clothes now. (作否定回答) _ 5.1 am a beautiful gi

21、rl. (作肯定回答)_七.找出下列句子中的错误并改正。 1. My sister can plays the guitar. _ 2. Good boy, you must going home now. _ 3. May I play computer games now? No, you may not. _ 4. They aren't can speak English. _ 5. She can sings very well. _ 6. My brother don't play badminton. _ 7. Lucy doesn't has a new

22、 green shirt. _ 8.1 didn't went to the gym yesterday. _ 9. They aren't work out the problem. _ 10. He may read English. _ 11. The boy can playing basketball very well. _ 12.1 went swim yesterday evening. _ 13. What's Tom doing? He's write an e-mail. _ 14. She goes to school every day

23、. _ 15. We doesn't have dinner. _ 八、 读短文并回答问题。 Wang Gang is 12 years old. He is tall and strong. He has big eyes and big ears. But his mouth is small. He is cool. He can draw and play the violin. He likes playing football and swimming. He likes blue best. His favourite animal is dogs. He is a go

24、od student. He's good at math and English. He speaks English well. The teachers and students all like him very much. He is a happy boy. I like him, too. We often study and play together. 1. Does Wang Gang have big eyes? _ 2. What colour does he like best? _ 3. What can he do? _ 4. What animal does he like best? _ 5. Does he speak English well? _ 答案： 一、l. is, is 2. are, am 3. are, is 4.Are, am 5. be二.1 5 BBCCC 6 10 ABBAB 11-17 ACBCABA三.l. re