高考语法专题复习 主谓一致(共28张PPT)

1、(agreement betweensubject and verb) 熟读深思熟读深思 My seatmate James, whose parents have been teaching1 English in Guangzhou for ten years, comes2 from the United States, which is3 one of the most developed countries in the world. He as well as his parents enjoys4 living in Guangzhou because neither James

2、 nor his parents find5 it difficult to adapt to the life in China. In their opinion, many a custom here is6 easy to understand and ten years is7 enough for them to get used to all the customs. I, together with James, extremely like8 English but physics seems9 rather difficult for us. Besides, both h

3、e and I are10 very fond of reading story books, and the Arabian Nights is11 one of the most interesting books that have been read12 by us. Our class is13 united as a big family. Now the class are14 preparing for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of our recent time have been spent15on it. W

4、hat we need is16 a qualified coach because being trained properly is17 of great importance. We each are all aware that each of us plays18 an important role in our class. We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it hasnt been decided. 19 语

5、法概念：语法概念： 主谓一致是指在英语中，句子的谓语主谓一致是指在英语中，句子的谓语动词要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。动词要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。就近原则就近原则：主语为单数形式，谓语一般用单数形式主语为单数形式，谓语一般用单数形式主语为复数形式，谓语一般用复数形式主语为复数形式，谓语一般用复数形式尽管主语是单数形式，但表示复数尽管主语是单数形式，但表示复数意义，谓语用复数形式意义，谓语用复数形式谓语动词的形式由和它最接近的主语谓语动词的形式由和它最接近的主语的形式来决定的形式来决定1) Look! A girl _ (be) singing, and two boys _ (be) d

6、ancing.2) The crowd _ (be) arguing and fighting. Dont get close to them.3) Not only a nurse but also two doctors _ (be) fined yesterday. is are are were三个原则：三个原则：语法一致语法一致：意义意义/内容一致内容一致：1). Many a boy _ (have) made such a funny experiment.has2)More than one game _(be)lost.was语法一致语法一致: :按主语的语法形式按主语的语法

7、形式( (单复数单复数) )确定谓语形式确定谓语形式归纳一：归纳一：many a(许多许多)和和 more than one(不止一个不止一个)等作定语修饰做主语的单数可数等作定语修饰做主语的单数可数名词时名词时,谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。1）Li Ming and Zhang Hua _ good students.A. am B. is C. are2）Both the teachers and the students _ here. A. am B. is C. are归纳二归纳二：两个名词由两个名词由and 连接作主语时，连接作主语时， A, B表示不同的人，物或观念时，谓语动

8、词用表示不同的人，物或观念时，谓语动词用_形式。形式。CC复数复数并列主语表示同一个概念、同一个人或同一事物，并列主语表示同一个概念、同一个人或同一事物，谓语动词用谓语动词用_形式。形式。1) Toms teacher and friend _ Mr. Smith.A. am B. is C. areB单数单数2) My neighbor and colleague _(like) gardening though he is busy.3) A needle and thread _ (be) needed to repair your shoes now. 注意注意: 表整体概念的并列结构

9、短语有：表整体概念的并列结构短语有：war and peace, iron and steel钢铁钢铁, bread and butter面包和面包和黄油黄油, a knife and fork, a needle and thread likesis1).No teacher and no student_(be) in the classroom.is2) Each boy and each girl _ (want) to serve the people in the future.3) Every man and every woman _ (live ) peacefully.4)

10、Many a boy and many a girl_ (have) made such a funny experiment.wantslives语法一致语法一致归纳三归纳三：用：用 and连接的并列主语被连接的并列主语被each/every/no/many a修饰时，谓语动词用修饰时，谓语动词用单数单数。has归纳四归纳四：不定代词：不定代词each, no one, anyone, somebody, everything, nothing或或either在在句中作主语或限定词时句中作主语或限定词时, 谓语一律用单数。谓语一律用单数。1）Each of us _（have） a car.

11、2）Someone _ （want) to buy the house.3）Either of them _ (want) to take a vacation. haswants wantsThe blind_(study) in special school.The sick _ (cure).studyhave been cured归纳归纳五五： 如果主语由如果主语由“the + 形容词形容词(或过去分词或过去分词)”结构担任时结构担任时,表示一类人、事物表示一类人、事物；谓语通常用；谓语通常用复数复数;这类词有这类词有: the poor, the injured等等 Ten kilo

12、meters _ (be) a long distance.One dollar and seventy eight cents _ (be) what she has. isis归纳归纳六六：表示时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作：表示时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作主语，看作一个整体时为单数。主语，看作一个整体时为单数。语法一致原则的几个难点语法一致原则的几个难点Serving people _(be) my great happiness.When well go out for an outing _ (have ) been decided.ishasTo be a programmer

13、_(be) my goal which I am trying to achieve.is 难点一：单个难点一：单个不定式不定式(短语短语), 动名词动名词(短语短语)或从句作主语时或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用谓语动词用单单数。数。1) Those who_ (want )to go should sign your names here. 2) Anyone who_ (want )to go should sign your name here. wantwants难点难点二二：在定语从句中：在定语从句中：先行词先行词+who/which/that(作主语）引导定语从句，作主语）引导定语从

14、句，从句谓语与先行词一致。从句谓语与先行词一致。3)He was one of the students who _ （invite）at the party last night . 4) He was the only one of the students who _ （invite）at the party last night . were invited was invitedone of +复数名词复数名词+关系代词作主语关系代词作主语引导的定语引导的定语从句，从句谓语用从句，从句谓语用复数复数。the only one of+复数名词复数名词+关系代词作主语关系代词作主语引导引

15、导的定语从句，从句谓语用的定语从句，从句谓语用单数单数。Here _ (come) the bus. There _ (be) a pen and some pieces of es 1)就近原则就近原则:谓语动词的数由离它最近的主语而定。谓语动词的数由离它最近的主语而定。归纳归纳1):由由here, there等引导的倒装句中等引导的倒装句中, 若主语不止若主语不止一个时一个时, 谓语动词与谓语动词与最近最近的主语保持一致。的主语保持一致。 is 就近一致就近一致2）Neither you nor I_ wrong. 3）Not only the students but also the

16、teacher _ (wish) for a holiday. 4) _(be) either you or he going to attend the meeting?amwishesAre 归纳归纳2):由连词由连词 not only . but also, neithernor ;eitheror; whetheror; not but（不是（不是而是）而是）;or 在句子中连接在句子中连接主语的时候主语的时候,谓语动词要和靠近它的主语保持谓语动词要和靠近它的主语保持一致。一致。7)A teacher with five students _ in the classroom . B

17、5)A professor, rather than two doctors, _ (be) sent to help in the work.6)No one including the teachers_ (be) allowed to use the house.B B A . are B . is归纳归纳3)：当主语后面跟有：当主语后面跟有 together with, with，along with, but, except, as well as, besides, including, in addition to, like, rather than 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词

18、的单、复数按主语等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。单、复数而定。 意义一致原则意义一致原则：谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不是形式所决定。是形式所决定。The police _ searching for a thief.The cattle _eating grass on the hill.归纳一归纳一：某些名词如某些名词如people, the police, cattle(牛）等牛）等,形式上是单数形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用谓语动词应用复数复数。arearePhysics _ a very i

19、nteresting subject.The news _true.isis归纳二归纳二：某些名词以某些名词以s结尾如结尾如maths, politics, physics, news 等，形式复数但意义为单数等，形式复数但意义为单数，谓语动词应用，谓语动词应用单数单数。 Not every means _ useful. Not all means _useful. One day this white sheep_ lost.isarewas归纳归纳三三：有些名词的单数和复数形式一样：有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语作主语的时候的时候, 其谓语动词其谓语动词由上下文决定由上下文决定,

20、 这一类名词有这一类名词有: means, deer(鹿鹿), sheep(羊羊), works等。等。His family _going out. His family _ all music lovers. Our group _ reading the newspapers.is are are 归纳归纳四四：集合名词作主语集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数动词可用单数, 也可以也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指其中的各个成员时语动词用单数；指其中的各个成员时, 动词则用动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有复数。这一类常见的

21、集合名词有family, class, group, audience, crowd, team等。等。意义一致原则的难点意义一致原则的难点Part of the textbooks _(have) arrived.havePart of the apple _(have) been eaten up by the pig.has不定数量的词不定数量的词:all/some/half/any/part/the rest /百分数百分数/分数分数+ of+名词或代词等做主名词或代词等做主语语，谓语动词由，谓语动词由of后的名词后的名词决定。决定。1) The rest of the money _ on the desk . 2) The rest of the books _ on the desk . A . is B . are AB 主谓一致主谓一致 主谓一致与高考主谓一致与高考 高考语法填空中每年必定有一题是考查谓高考语法填空中每年必定有一题是考查谓语动词的语动词的, 而谓语动