四级作文如何短时间提高

1、15% 写作30min 快速阅读10%15min 听力35%35min 精读25%25min 完型填空10%15min 翻译(汉英)5%5min四级写作总体介绍四级写作总体介绍四级作文评分原则及标准四级作文评分原则及标准CET作文题采用总体评分作文题采用总体评分(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(Reward Scores), 而不是按语言点的错误数而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。目扣分。四级作文评分原则及标准四级作文评分原则及标准本题满分为本题满分为15分分阅卷标准共分五等：阅卷标准共分五等：2分、分、5分、分、8分、分、11分

2、分及及14分。各有标准样卷一至二份。分。各有标准样卷一至二份。阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分）相似，即定为该分数（即分数（即8分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数则可加一分（即数则可加一分（即9分）或减一分（即分）或减一分（即7分）。分）。但不得加或减半分。但不得加或减半分。作文评分标准作文评分标准l2分分-条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。均有错误，且多数为严重错误。l5分分-基本基本切

3、题切题。表达思想表达思想不够清楚，不够清楚，连贯连贯性差。有较多性差。有较多的严重的严重语言语言错误。错误。l8分分-基本基本切题切题。表达思想表达思想比较清楚，文字尚比较清楚，文字尚连贯连贯；但；但语语言言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。l11分分-切题切题。表达思想表达思想清楚，文字清楚，文字连贯连贯，但有少量，但有少量语言语言错误。错误。l14分分-切题切题。表达思想表达思想清楚，文字通顺，清楚，文字通顺，连贯连贯性较好。性较好。基本无基本无语言语言错误。错误。评分标准解读评分标准解读n两大基本原则两大基本原则n1.印象分：书写工整，字迹清晰，卷面整洁印象

4、分：书写工整，字迹清晰，卷面整洁n2.语言第一位（语法与词汇的基本功）语言第一位（语法与词汇的基本功） 结构第二位（逻辑结构是否清晰）结构第二位（逻辑结构是否清晰） 内容第三位（内容是否跑题）内容第三位（内容是否跑题）Example 1. 1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay Free Admission to museums. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chine

5、se: 1.1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2.2.也会带来一些问题；也会带来一些问题； 3.3.你的看法？你的看法？2分分-l条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。且多数为严重错误。l Nowdays, Social appeared more and more free Admissions to museums. Its in order to people wasted money. In addition, rich in peoples

6、life and increase more knowledges. people visited the museum must have leaved some waste. In another hand, some visitors didnt listen the museums workers一塌糊涂一塌糊涂5分分-l基本基本切题切题。表达思想表达思想不够清楚，不够清楚，连贯连贯性差。有较多的严性差。有较多的严重重语言语言错误。错误。l In order to enrich the culture of people, more and more museums were prov

7、ided free admissions. Somebody thought it would take some problems like that.l The first, because of free admissions of museums were attracted a large numbers of people who interested in all around the world. And those who take part in effected the traffic crowed around the museums, even though affe

8、cted people who live in next to museum daily life. Besides, free admissions of museum would attracted thief came in.糊里糊涂糊里糊涂8分分-l基本基本切题切题。表达思想表达思想比较清楚，文字尚比较清楚，文字尚连贯连贯；但；但语语言言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误 lThere is an interesting and instractive picture which goes like this: More and more museums ar

9、e free for people. They want more people go to museums.l But some people argue that it make some trouble for free for people. The reason is the economy of the museums would be worse than before. Worst of all, it may take a mess for more people come to the museums.马马虎虎马马虎虎11分分-l切题切题。表达思想表达思想清楚，文字清楚，文

10、字连贯连贯，但有少量，但有少量语言语言错误。错误。lNow more and more museums are free without charge to the public. Does that make any sence?l Free admission to musuems helps us save money, but it also encourages us to go to museums to learn something else and get more knowledge. This contributes to improve the living level

11、 of the public. It can certainly let us know more about our country and the world, which has a good effect on our development.l Every coin has two sides. It can also bring some problems. For example,清清楚楚清清楚楚14分分-l切题切题。表达思想表达思想清楚，文字通顺，清楚，文字通顺，连贯连贯性较好。基本无性较好。基本无语言语言错误错误 。 Nowadays, more and more museu

12、ms are open to the public for free. Free admissions to museums will motivate peoples interests in history, arts and science. In this way, museums can provide people with easier access to knowledge, which is of vital importance for the whole nation.漂漂亮亮漂漂亮亮14分分-l切题切题。表达思想表达思想清楚，文字通顺，清楚，文字通顺，连贯连贯性较好。基

13、本无性较好。基本无语言语言错错误误 。 However, some people hold that free admissions to museums can bring about many problems. Since anybody can enter a museum without paying, the museum can be overcrowded and it will be a difficult job for museums to maintain their collections. Besides, museums will face financial p

14、roblems since they cant make profits from the admission fee. Due to the decrease in profits, museums have less motivation to up-date their collections and out-of-date museums cant avoid the fate to close up in the long run.漂漂亮亮漂漂亮亮14分分-l切题切题。表达思想表达思想清楚，文字通顺，清楚，文字通顺，连贯连贯性较好。基本无性较好。基本无语言语言错误错误 。 In my

15、 opinion, free admissions to museums are good for the public, but on the other hand they may pose problems to the museum management. Governments should provide help to museums and guide them to serve the public better.漂漂亮亮漂漂亮亮 四级作文写作要求四级作文写作要求1. 篇幅：考试要求是120字单词n 达不到字数的要酌情扣达不到字数的要酌情扣1-5分分n 90-99扣扣1分，分

16、，80-89扣扣2分，分，70-79扣扣3分，分，60-69扣扣5分分2. 时间：30分钟，u 审题（审题（3分钟）：分钟）：u 写作（写作（25分钟）：分钟）：u 检查（检查（2分钟）：分钟）： 写完之后修改注意：（内容写完之后修改注意：（内容方面尽量不要修改）方面尽量不要修改）1. 1. 字母大小写字母大小写2. 2. 符号符号3. 3. 单词拼写单词拼写4. 4. 动词时态动词时态5. 5. 主谓一致主谓一致6.6.名词单复数名词单复数作文写什么作文写什么？开头开头 2-3句句中间中间 6-8句句结尾结尾 2-3句句有话可说有话可说作文写什么？（根据采分点）作文写什么？（根据采分点）框架

17、框架 表示结构的短语 细节细节 亮点词汇和句型说话漂亮说话漂亮布局：三段式（有时候根据需要还可写四段）p大学英语四级写作通常采用三段论模式，即：开头段大学英语四级写作通常采用三段论模式，即：开头段（introduction）、主体段（）、主体段（body paragraph）和）和结尾段（结尾段（conclusion）。考场作文通常是写成三段）。考场作文通常是写成三段（四段当然也可以，不过一般情况下三段比较合适）（四段当然也可以，不过一般情况下三段比较合适）应对策略应对策略 1、篇章：、篇章：开门见山，直奔主题开门见山，直奔主题（紧扣所给（紧扣所给提纲写出主题句）。使用合适的方法展开提纲写出主

18、题句）。使用合适的方法展开主题句（常用方法如：列举，因果，举例主题句（常用方法如：列举，因果，举例等）等） 2、句子结构：适当使用、句子结构：适当使用从句从句、倒装句、非倒装句、非谓语动词、插入语谓语动词、插入语，从而使文章句子结构，从而使文章句子结构稍微复杂而富于变化。稍微复杂而富于变化。 3、词汇：尽量使用与主题相关的一些重要、词汇：尽量使用与主题相关的一些重要词汇，避开用得过于泛滥的词汇。词汇，避开用得过于泛滥的词汇。得高分的关键得高分的关键n运用复杂句式运用复杂句式n书写美观书写美观n开头结尾很关键开头结尾很关键n词汇的多样词汇的多样n使用谚语使用谚语开头常用句型开头常用句型：现象式现

19、象式数据式数据式引言式引言式提问式提问式练习on Dual Degrees. n1. 近年来越来越多的大学生热衷于修近年来越来越多的大学生热衷于修“双学位双学位”n2. 产生这种现象的原因产生这种现象的原因n3. 我的观点我的观点练习 Private Cars in Chinan1.是否应该鼓励发展私人轿车是否应该鼓励发展私人轿车n2.表明你的观点并说明理由表明你的观点并说明理由n3.鼓励或者限制私人轿车的有效措施鼓励或者限制私人轿车的有效措施练习 Say Thank You to Parentsn1. 很多的大学生从未跟父母道过谢很多的大学生从未跟父母道过谢 n2. 请说明原因请说明原因n3

20、. 你的建议你的建议练习 Should College Students Live on Campus a. 有些人喜欢住在学校的宿舍，因为有些人喜欢住在学校的宿舍，因为.b. 有些人喜欢住在校外，因为有些人喜欢住在校外，因为.c. 我的看法我的看法写作步骤：写作步骤：列提纲（必不可少的一步列提纲（必不可少的一步-现象类说明文现象类说明文第一段提纲：提出主题第一段提纲：提出主题第二段提纲：分点阐述出现这种现象的原因是第二段提纲：分点阐述出现这种现象的原因是第三段提纲：阐述为了改变这种状况，我认为第三段提纲：阐述为了改变这种状况，我认为. 学生在英语学习中不重视拼写学生在英语学习中不重视拼写 影

21、响英语写作、英语提高影响英语写作、英语提高应试教育应试教育老师教学中没有重视拼写老师教学中没有重视拼写学生懒惰学生懒惰 将拼写纳入考试中将拼写纳入考试中 老师、学生要重视拼写老师、学生要重视拼写提高学生对单词拼写的兴趣提高学生对单词拼写的兴趣第一段：第一段： Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study. This phenomenon greatly influences students writing and brings on worr

22、ies among teachers. Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling第二段：第二段： Three leading factors may have caused such a grave problem. First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay less attention to spelling. Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they dont emphasize the

23、importance of spelling during teaching. Last but not least, some students are too lazy to recite words. 第三段：第三段： Since spelling is one of the most important factors in English study, due attention should be given to it. first, exams should be modified to add some factors into it, which would help st

24、udent pay more attention to spelling. Then, schools should also set effective mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance. Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other ways, make them be interested in word spelling. Only by these can we surly realize th

25、e importance of spelling and make improvement. n n如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写。如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写。Nowadays, a lot of students dont pay attention to the spelling in their English study2. 2. 出现这种现象的原因是出现这种现象的原因是There are three reasons accounting for this problem.3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为为了改变这种状况，我认为. In order to change thi

26、s situation, I think1. 现象式现象式(1) With the rapid development of society, students are attaching more and more importance toDual DegreesPrivate cars1. 现象式现象式Private carseg. The past decade has witnessed the phenomenon that a growing number of students are keen on pursuing dual degrees. nThe past decad

27、e has witnessed a huge development in economy owing to the reform and opening-up policy being carried out, bring some problems at the same time, with the following one being the formost.2 2 数字式数字式 原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。 不妨试用下面的句型：不妨试用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, abo

28、ut of 下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造 According to a recent survey involving over 3000 undergraduates, 35% of the university students never said Thank You to their parents. 78.9%the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 3 3 名人名言式名人名言式 1. As an old saying goes, tim

29、e is money.2. As the proverb goes, practice makes perfect. 4 4 提问式提问式 How can we succeed in a job interviewer? Different people have different opinions on this question. Some people believe thatShould College Students Live on Campus ? Different people have different opinions on this question. Some p

30、eople believe that 学会遣词造句学会遣词造句遣词-七大恶心词汇nimportant nverynthinkndifferentnin my opinionnPeoplengovernment替换六大恶心词汇替换六大恶心词汇nimportant = （significant, essential） nvery beautiful = (wonderfully beautiful)nthink = (harbor the idea)ndifferent = (various)nin my opinion =(from my own perspective)npeople = (i

31、ndividuals/ folks)ngovernment =(authorities)举例举例uThe bicyle is important for us. uThe bicyle is of importancce for us.uThe bicyle plays an important role in our life. uThe bicycle, environmental friendliness vehicle, plays an important role in our life.举例举例uAs far as I am concerned. uAs far as I am

32、firmly concerned.uAs far as the private cars are concerned, I firmly believe that 举例举例uI am offering thanks to my parents. uI am, from my bottom heart, offering my gratitude to my loving parents. 2. 2. 某人（我）觉得，认为。某人（我）觉得，认为。低分：低分：高分：高分：（2）句子，句子，as I am firmly convinced. (3) It can be argued (assumed

33、, concluded) that+从句从句 我还记得有一为伟人、名人说过。我还记得有一为伟人、名人说过。na growing number of, an increasing number of , a surprising number of, an astronomical number of the vast majority of , the overwhelming majority of,重要的：重要的：important,好的，有趣的：好的，有趣的：good, interesting坏的，不好的，糟糕的：坏的，不好的，糟糕的：horrifying, horrible, disa

34、strous, disgusting, discouraging, shocking, unbearable, monstrous,我想，认为，觉得，思考，。：我想，认为，觉得，思考，。：think harbor the idea that take the attitude that hold the view that it is widely shared that it is universally acknowledged that努力努力/ /打算做某事：打算做某事：try/want to do sth.try/want to do sth. endeavor to do sth.

35、 do ones utmost to do sth. spare no effort in doing sth. be motivated to do sth. be encouraged to do sth. be inspired to do sth. be willing(determined ) to do sth.一些表示程度的副词：一些表示程度的副词：very extremely, tremendously, substantially, remarkably, reasonably, as a result; thereforehowever,nas a matter of fa

36、ct, nnonetheless, nevertheless,nin actuality, in reality, nBy/in contrast,Moreover,全文句型全文句型n定语从句（限定或定语从句（限定或非限非限）n现在分词作主语的句子现在分词作主语的句子n状语从句（时间状语较普遍）状语从句（时间状语较普遍）n后置定语（）后置定语（）n并列句（并列句（and , while）nIf 引导的条件句（引导的条件句（If some of chances are grasped,）全文句型全文句型n同位语从句（同位语从句（the fact that）n比较级句子（比较级句子（compare

37、d with）n独立主格结构独立主格结构作前置状语（作前置状语（Actually obtained from the big firm, these capacities and experience could make us change a lot.）nIt is +adj./done + that/to do句型句型n倒装句倒装句nMake it adj. (句子句子, making it possible that )造句n第一，插入语，使文章有跳跃感第一，插入语，使文章有跳跃感nJinan, the Spring City, is a famous tourist cityn插入语

38、的作用主要有两个， 第一个是突出主语，比如说：He, who would like to play basketball, is a good student. 第二个作用是解释说明，比如说：People, especially students, should work hard. 2. Attitude, after all, is essential for a students academic performance3. Other people, however, stand on a different ground. 4. This measure, undoubtedly(i

39、n my opinion), will eliminate the waste of water适当插入一些副词或介词短语等适当插入一些副词或介词短语等倒装句基本上所有学生在卷子里都出现的句型但却单调（only）nNot only, but alsonOnly in this waynUnder no circumstance无论如何，决不无论如何，决不 nOn no account 绝不绝不, 切莫切莫 On no account should we break up. 我们决不应该分裂。我们决不应该分裂。 nAdj. (strange/surprise) as it may seem, n

40、否定词位于句首（否定词位于句首（hardly when; never; not only-, but also -;seldom） 在我一生中很难遇到这样的人在我一生中很难遇到这样的人 Seldom in my life have i met such a kind-hearted man. n地点方位名词位于句首地点方位名词位于句首 In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games与汉语相比，英语更注重动作本身，而不是动作的执行

41、者，因此在英语中被动语态的使用相对多一些，但这并不表明要一味地追求被动语态的使用。n主动变被动主动变被动1）不需要体现动作的执行者）不需要体现动作的执行者We should pay more attention to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country. More attention should be paid to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country. n需注意的问题需注意的问题 避免一味用避免一味用

42、 There is 开头。开头。 There are more and more people who realize the relation between examination and teaching methods.The relation between the examination and teaching methods is increasingly recognized. 避免一味用避免一味用People, I, We 开头开头We will always remember the smile on her face.The smile on her face will

43、 be firmly rooted in our minds.We certainly should offer good service.Good service is certainly required.时态一般现在时一般现在时为主体nNowadays, a growing number of people had private cars. have一定要用一定要用-过渡性关系词过渡性关系词n思想清晰n行文流畅n有跳跃感n表达地道 一一 二二 三原则三原则 考官们看文章必然要通过关键性的考官们看文章必然要通过关键性的“标签标签”来判定你的文章来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。是否结

44、构清楚，条理自然。 1）first, second, third, last （不推荐，原因：俗）（不推荐，原因：俗） 2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally （不推荐，原因：俗）（不推荐，原因：俗） 3）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally （强烈推荐）（强烈推荐） 4）to start with, next, in addition, finally （强烈推荐）（强烈推荐） 5）first and foremost, besides, last but not least （强烈推荐）（强烈推荐） 关系词1

45、n递进递进1.首先首先 in the first place, to begin with, to start with, for one thing2.其次其次 in the second place, moreover, further, furthermore, besides, for another3.最后最后 last but not least, more importantly, above all, additionally关系词2n让步让步/转折转折 In other words, despite that, in spite of, even though, nevert

46、heless, howevern因果因果 as a result, as a consequence, hence, thus, to conclude, in conclusion, consequently 关系词3n举例说明举例说明 for instance, take for example, a case in point is , one illustration of this is n总结总结 in summary, in the final analysis, based on all the arguments offered above, on the basis of

47、the above discussion, having considered all the arguments above四级作文中常见错误分析n词汇错误词汇错误判断词汇量大小，找准主客观判断词汇量大小，找准主客观系数比系数比n语法错误语法错误学生基本功的表露，与作文最学生基本功的表露，与作文最终分数直接相关终分数直接相关n内容错误内容错误跑题或文章中有严重攻击性用跑题或文章中有严重攻击性用语，此种情况一般为零分语，此种情况一般为零分词汇错误n1.单词拼写（基础词汇的拼写错误导致失分较大，单词拼写（基础词汇的拼写错误导致失分较大，eg. sociaty, nowday, phenomen,

48、colleage）n2.混淆词性混淆词性 （eg. In social, with the development of economic, do not interest in）n3.拼音替代拼音替代 n4.情态动词使用错误（情态动词使用错误（must doing, can done）语法错误更重要、更易错n1.第三人称单数第三人称单数&可数不可数名词（可数不可数名词（people is, students are, ）-分数较低分数较低n2.there be 句型错误句型错误 (there are many reasons contribute to this problem)n3.双谓语动词现象（双谓语动词现象（My father is one o