最新职称英语考试试题及答案

1、 单选, 材料题 The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through根据以下材料，回答下面的题目。The FamiIvThe structureof a familytakesdifferentforms around the world and even in the same society.The family S form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences.Untilrecently.the most commo

2、n form in North America was the nuclear family ，consisting of a married couple with their minor children.The nuclear family is an independent unit.It must be prepared to fend for itself.Individual family members stronglydepend on one another.Thereis littlehelp from outsidethe family in emergencies.E

3、lderly relatives of a nuclear family are caredfor only if it is possible for the family to do so.In NorthAmerica ， the elderlyoftendo not livewiththe family;thevlive in retirement communities and nursing homes.There are manyparallelsbetween the nuclearfamilyin industrialsocieties.suchas North Americ

4、a ，and of familiesin societiessuch as thatof the Inuits，who livein harsh environments.Thenuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility.In harshconditions，mobilityallowsthe familyto hunt forfood.ForNorth Americans ，the hunt for jobs and improved social status alsorequires mobility.Th

5、e nuclear family was not always the North American standard.In a more agrariantime ， the mallnuclearfamilywas usuallypart of a larger extenged family.This might have includedgrandparents ， mother and father，brothers and sisters，uncles ， aunts ，and cousins. In North Americatoday ，there is adramatic r

6、ise in the number of single.parent households.Twice as manyhouseholds in the United Statesare headed by divorced ，separated ，or never 。married individuals as are comprised of nuclearfamilies.Thestructureof the family，not justin NorthAmerica ， but throughout the world， continues to change as it adapt

7、s to changing conditions.Another good title for this passage would beA . listing statistics B . telling a storyC . pointing out similaritiesD . pointing out differences 参考解析C题干意为 “第一段主要以何种方式陈述的?”根据第一段的陈述方式，并没有列出数据或者讲故事，而是通过描述共性而阐述出核心家庭的概念。因此C“指出相似性” 是正确的答案。 单选 She can speak French and German， let al

8、oneEnglish.A . to say nothing ofB . to speak nothing of C . to talk nothing ofD . to tell nothing of 参考解析A 句意：她会说法语和德语， 更不用说英语了。 本题考察的是固定词组用法， to say nothing of，更不用说，没有 B、C、D 这三种说法。 单选 The moon wasobscuredby thick clouds.A . heldB . prevented C . darkened D . blackened 参考解析句意为：厚厚的云朵遮住了月亮。prevent意为“预

9、防、阻止”， hold 意为“持有、保留”， darken 意为“使模糊、变黑”， blacken意为“使变黑、诽谤”。 obscure 意为“遮掩，使变暗”。和B 项同义，故选 B 项。 单选 He failedtocarryoutsome of the provisionsof the contract, and now he has to take charge of the consequences.A . answer for B . run intoC . abide by D . step into 参考解析【答案】 A【解析】 answer for“对负责”。 run int0

10、“陷入，碰到”； abide by “遵守”；step into“进入，走进”。 单选, 材料题 Air transport companies use different planes.根据材料，完成下面的题目。Air Transportation1. Airplanes are used to carry passengers, cargo and mail. Airtransportcompanies operatescheduled airlinesand non-scheduled services over local, regional, national, and intern

11、ationalroutes.The aircraftoperatedby these companies range from smallsingle-engine planes to large multiengine jet transports.2. The firstairpassenger servicesbegan in 1910, whendirigibles began operation between several German cities. The firstscheduled airplane service to carry passengers began in

12、 the U. S in 1914. Several experimental airmail flights took place inIndia,Europe,and the UnitedStatesbeforeWorld War I,but air transportservicedidnot become a truebusinessuntilafterthe war.3. During World War Two, intercontinental air transport became firmly established. After the war the new long-

13、distancetransports with advanced facilities were increasingly able toavoid storms and strongwind and makeflightsmore economicaland consistent. A new generation of "jumbo-jet" transports beganoperations in 1970, and the supersonic transport entered passenger service in 1976.4. During the 19

14、70s the number of domestic passengers on U. Sairlinesincreasedabout 78%, and duringthe 1980s the figurewas up about 58%. In 1990 there were 41.8 million internationalpassengers, the figure was a 75% increase over 1980. The totalcargo flownby U. S airlinesalmost doubled duringthe 1980s, from5.7 billi

15、on to 10.6 billion ton-miles in 1990.5. Major airports provide a wide range of facilities for theconvenience of millionsof travelers.These range from such basic services as ticket-sales counters and restaurants to luxuryhotels, shopping centers and play areas for children.Internationalairportsmust a

16、lsohave customs areas and currency exchange counters and so on.Paragraph 2.A . in the development of air transportationB . the earliest passenger flights were successfully operated C . to make travel easy and pleasant for the passengersD . to provide different servicesE . the shortage of qualified p

17、ilots F . traveling by air was very cheap 参考解析【答案】 A【解析】根据第一段可知，航空公司利用飞机运输旅客，货物和邮政。运营的飞机从单引擎到大型多引擎飞机。 A为“在不同运输发展阶段使用不同飞机”符合逻辑和题意。因此，本题选A。 单选He noticedthatJoan was studyinghim closely,butherexpressiongave awaynothing of what she was thinking.A . revealed B . disposed C . reminded D . distributed 参考解析

18、句意为：他注意到琼正在密切地调查他，但她的表情也没有泄漏她正在思考什么。Give awav“泄漏， 赠送” ，四个选项： reveal “泄漏， 透漏”；dispose “处理” ；remind “重新记起”； distribute“分发，分配”；所以A 项符合题意。 单选 To absorb a younger work force,many companies offered retirementplans asincentivesforolderworkers to retireand make way for the younger ones who earned lower sala

19、ries.A . rewardsB . opportunitiesC . motives D . stimulus 参考解析句意为：为吸引更年轻的劳动力，很多公司为老员工退休提供退休计划作为鼓励，以便为工资较低的年轻员工让路。incentive“激励，鼓励”，四个选项：reward “奖赏”； opportunit,“机会”； motive “动机，目的”； stimulus“刺激物”；所以 A项符合题意。 单选, 材料题 What do we leam about Ana Castro from the last paragraph?阅读材料，回答下面的题目。Deport them or n

20、otIn a country that defines itself by ideals，not by shared blood ，who should be allowed to come， work and live here?In the wake of the Sept1 1 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressingOn Dec11，2001， as part of the effort to increase homelandsecurity ， federal and local authorities in 1

21、4 states staged“ Operation Safe Travel ”-raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification( 身 份 证 明 ) In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests But those captured were anything but terrorists， most of themillegal immigrants from Central or South America Authoritiessaidthe undocumented wo

22、rkers illegal status made them open to blackmail(讹诈)by terroristsMany immigrantsin SaltLake Citywere angered by the arrestsand said they felt as if they were being treated like disposablegoodsMayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certainextent ，“ We re saying we want you to work in

23、these places， were goingto look the otherway in terms of what our laws are ， and then when it s convenientforus， or when we can tryto make a point in terms of nationalsecurity， especially after Sept 1 1，then youre disposableThere are whole familiesbeing uprooted for all of the wrong reasons，” Anders

24、on saidIf Sept 1 1 had never happenedthe airport workers would nothave been arrested and could have gone oil quietly living inAmerica probably indefinitely Ana Castr0 ， a manager at a Ben Jerry s ice cream shop at the airport，had been workin9 10 years with the same false Social Security card when sh

25、e was arrestedin the December airport raid Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation(驱逐出境 ) Castro s case iscurrently waiting to be settledWhile she awaits the outcome，the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben&Jerry sAcc

26、ording to the author， the United States claims to be a nationA . She will be deported sooner or later B . She is allowed to stay permanently C . Her case has been droppedD . Her fate remains uncertain 参考解析【答案】 D【解析】由 Ana Castro定位于文章最后一段。第三、四句指出她们全家面临着被驱逐出境的威胁，案件正在被期待早日得到解决；最后一句提到当她还在等待结果时，政府 已经允许她在此

27、工作。由此可见Ana Castro和家人能否留在美国还难以确定，只有等到案件解决才能知晓。单选, 材料题 According to this text.阅读材料，回答下面的题目。The Diminishing Scientific Leadership of the U, S. With the rapid globalization of science itself ( more than40 percent of scientific Ph.D. students trained in the UnitedStatesare now foreignnationals,roughlyhal

28、fof whomreturnto theircountriesof origin) , the once undisputedU.S.scientific lead, whether relevant to product lead or not, is diminishing.The competition of foreign students for positions inU.S.graduate schools has also contributed to making scientific training relatively unattractive to U.S.stude

29、nts, because therapidlyincreasingsupply of studentshas diminishedthe relative rewards of this career path. For the best and brightest fromlow-income countries, a position as a research assistant in theUnited States is attractive, whereas the best and brightest U.S.students might now see better optio

30、ns in other fields.Science and engineering careers, to the extent that they areopening up to foreigncompetition( whether importedor available through better communication ) , also seem to be becomingrelatively less attractive to U.S. students.With respect to the role of universities in the innovatio

31、n process the speculative boom of the 1990s( which, among otherthings,madeitpossibleto convertscientificfindingsintocash rather quickly ) was largely unexpected.The boom broughtuniversities and their faculties into much closer contact with private markets as they tried to gain as much of the economi

32、c dividends from their discoveries as possible. For a while,thepath between discoveries in basic science and new flows of hardcash was considerablyshortened.But duringthe next few decades, this path will likely revert toward its more traditional lengthand reestablishin a healthyway, the more traditi

33、onal( and moreindependent ) relationship between the basic research done at universities and those entities that translate ideas into products and services.In the intervening years, another new force also greatlyfacilitated globalization: the rapid growth of the Internetand cheap wide-bandwidth inte

34、rnational communication. Today,complex design activities can take place in locations quite removed from manufacturing, other business functions and the consumer. Indeed, there is now ample opportunity for real-time communication between business functions that are quite independent of their specific

35、 locations. For example, software are development, with all its changes and complications, can toa considerableextentbe done overseas fora U.S.customer.Foreigncall centers can respond instantly to questions from thousandsof milesaway.The resultisthatlow-wage workers in the Far East and in some other

36、 countries are coming into even more directcompetition with a much wider spectrum of U.S. labor: unskilled in the case of call centers; more highly skilled in the case of programmers.A . the careers unattractive to U. S. students may not be so to foreign studentsB . scienceand engineeringcareersare

37、unattractiveexclusivelyto U S studentsC . U S students age not courageous enough to face foreign competitionD . USstudents are notwellpreparedto compete withforeign students 参考解析【答案】 A【解析】在文章第二段中，“For the best and brightestfrom low-incomecountries， a position asa research assistant in the United Sta

38、tes is attractive， whereas the best and brightestUSstudentsmight nOWsee betteroptionsin otherfields” 可看出， A 项与其意思相符，美国和其他国家的学生兴趣不同，而并不是美国学生没有勇气和没准备好去面对竞争，可排除c， D选项，而 8 项过于绝对。 单选The monopoly-capitalistgroupannexedmany smaller enterprises last year.A . integrated B . mergedC . combined D . collected 参

39、考解析【答案】 B【解析】 integrate“联合”； merge“兼并”； combine“联合”； collect“收款”。 单选 The local authoritycontributedthe company an interest free loan to start up the new factory.A . granted B . allocated C . financedD . sponsored 参考解析【答案】 A【解析】 9rant “捐赠”； allocate“赞助”； finance “资助”； sponsor “举办”。 单选 My father has b

40、een on thesalary schedulein this factory for nearly 20 years.A . pay packet B . payoffC . payroll D . payment 参考解析【答案】 C【解析】 pay packet “工资袋”； payoff “还清债”； payroll“工资表”； payment“支付”。 单选 The purpose of acustomis to cut down imports in order to protect domestic industry and workers from foreign compe

41、tition.A . tax B . tollC . fee D . tariff 参考解析【答案】 D【解析】 tax “税，税款”； toll“服务费”； fee “费用”； tariff“关税”。 单选, 材料题 Which of the following can be found in satiric literature?阅读材料，回答下面的题目。Satiric LiteraturePerhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspect

42、ive.Satire rarelyoffersoriginalideas.Instead,itpresentsthe familiarin a newform.Satiristsdo not offerthe world new philosophies.Whatthey do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makestheseconditionsseem foolish,harmful,or affected.Satirejarsus out of complacence intoa pleasantlyshoc

43、ked realizationthat many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false.DonQuixotemakeschivalryseem absurd;Brave NewWorld ridiculesthe pretensionsof science;A Modest Proposaldramatizesstarvation by advocating cannibalism.None of these ideas isoriginal.Chivalry was suspect before Cervantes, humani

44、stsobjectedto the claimsof pure sciencebeforeAldoua Huxley,andpeople were aware of famine before Swirl.It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular.It was the manner of expression, the satiric method, that made theminteresting and entertaining. Satires areread becausethey a

45、re aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they aremorallywholesome or ethicallyinstructive.Theyare stimulating and refreshing because with common sense briskness they brushaway illusions and second-hand opinions.With spontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,scrambles familiar

46、objectsintoincongruousjuxtaposition,and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract platitude.Satireexistsbecause thereisneed forit.Ithas livedbecause readersappreciatea refreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheapmoralizing,and foolishphiloso

47、phy.Satireservesto prod people intoallawareness of truth,though rarelyto any activeon behalf of truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of what theysee, hear,and read in popularmedia issanctimonious,sentimental,and only partially true.Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image o

48、f it. Soldiers rarely hold die ideals that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity.Intelligent people knowthese things but tend to forget them when they do not hear them expressed.What does the passage mainly discuss?A . Newly emerging p

49、hilosophies.B . Odd combinations of objects and ideas. C . Abstract discussion of morals and ethics.D . Wholesome characters who are unselfish. 参考解析【答案】 B【解析】根据文章第一段最后一句“satire rearranges perspectivesscrambles familiarobjectsintoincongruousjuxtaposition，and speaks in a personalidiom instead of abstract platitude”可知，讽刺小说重新陈述观点，把类似的事物描述成不和谐的并列关系，并且用个性的语言表述，而不是用抽象的陈词滥调表述，据此可知，讽刺小说中的事物和观点都比较