2018年高三英语一轮总复习专题1.3Traveljournal(句型语法)(含解析)

1、专题1.3 Travel journal【学以致用】三、重点句型剖析1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begi ns to whereit en ds.首先想到要沿整个湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的人是我的姐姐。【句式分析】翌as my亦ster who first had the idea to cycle along the entire强调主语It was not un til the win dow was shut that I

2、went dow nstairs.宾语从句强调句型的基本结构：It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分。(1)该句型中被强调部分通常是句子的主语、宾语、状语等，一般不强调谓语动词。如果被强调部分是表示人的词，用who或whom也可以用that。强调其他成分都用that。It was Mary who/that I met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语昨天我在街上遇见的是玛丽。It was I that/who met Mary in the street yesterday.(强调主语昨天是我在街上遇见玛丽的。It was in the str

3、eet that I met Mary yesterday.(强调地点状语昨天我是在街上遇见的玛丽。It was yesterday that I met Mary in the street.(强调时间状语是昨天我在街上遇见玛丽的。【归纳拓展】(1) not.until.所在句子的强调结构为：It is/was+not un til.+that+句子的其他部分。例如:强调句型3直到窗户关上我才下楼。强调时间和地点不能用when或where，只能用that。语法填空（1）（2015湖南高考改编）It was when we were returning home_I realized what

4、 a goodfeeli ng it was to have helped some one in trouble.【答案】that【解析】考查强调句型。句意：是在我们要回家的时候我意识到帮助那些需要帮助的人是一种多么美好的感觉。此处强调时间状语从句whe n we were returni ng home。（2）（2016天津卷，13改编）You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel_the coach picks uptourists.【答案】that【解析】句嵐你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在施店接送游客的。使用了强调旬型结构

5、是：IMw血 +强调咅盼+t+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用袖 6 这句话强调的是地点状语at the hotel,故 填仙*2. Although she did nt know the best way of gett ing to places, she in sisted that she orga nize the trip properly.虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。【句式分析】这是一个主从复合句，although引导让步状语从句，that引导宾语从句。althoughconj.虽然，尽管（=though）在语义上相当于in

6、 spite of the fact that.Although she did nt know the best way ofgett ing to places, she in sisted that she orga nize_the trip properly.宾语从句organize前省略了should【归纳拓展】让步状语从句后置定语修饰the best way引导让步状语从句的引导词有although, though, as, even if.even though, whether.or.,nomatter +疑问词，疑问词-ever等等。切记although,though不可与

7、but连用，但可与yet,still等连用。（1）although引导让步状语从句时，不能引导倒装句式；though引导让步状语从句时，倒装不到装皆 可；as引导让步状语从句时，需倒装，从句的表语和状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是名词，不可加冠词。三者使用时句式的差别一定要记清楚。Girl as she is, she can go alone in the dark ness.尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。（2）when和while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为虽然”。While they are my n eighbors, I do not know them well.（3）whet

8、her.or.可以引导让步状语从句，意为不管是 . 还是. ，不论是否”Youll have to atte nd the ceremony whether youre free or busy.不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼。（4）no matter +疑问词，疑问词-ever也可以引导让步状语从句，意为不管 . ；不论.”Whatever you do, do it well.不管你做什么，把它做好。However hot it is, he wont take off his hat.不管多热，他都不摘下帽子。（1）, we can take some measures to mi ni

9、 mize the losses.A. As earthquakes are difficult to be predictedB. As earthquakes are difficult to predictC. Difficult as earthquakes are to predictedD. Difficult as earthquakes are to predict【答案】D【解析】选 6 考察as引导让步状语从句。豳瞪眄尽管，虽然。作此意讲时从句须将表语，状语或动词 原形提到抠之前，有此用法的还有though尽管地霍很难预测，我们还是能够采取一些措施将损失最小化。（2） _j

10、okes are likely to con tribute to a pleasa nt atmosphere, youve got to be carefulnot to hurt others.5A. Since B. While C. If D. As【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句。尽管笑话很可能有助于营造一种愉快的气氛，但我们必须小心不要伤害了别人。 根据句意可知选B。（3）_We will have to finish the job,.A. difficult it is however B. it takes however difficultC. difficult howe

11、ver it is D. however difficult it is【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论多么困难，我们必须完成这个工作。however引导让步状语从句， 是副词，修饰形容词或者副词，接陈述语序。其结构为：however+adj/adv.+主语+谓语。故选（4） _livingcombines tragedy with splendor, life is beautiful and even tragediessomethi ng en gagi ng.A. Although B. Even though C. As D. When【答案】A【解析】考查连词。句意:尽菅

12、人生苦忧醪半/旦依I日美妙，而且即使在悲剧中也藏看迷人之处。A尽管B Even though即使$C A尽管使用倒装句式片D. When既然。A顷符合语境3. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can cha nge it.她一旦作出决定，任何事情都无法改变。【句式分析】once在该句中引导条件状语从句，“一旦；一就；当的时候”。We did nt know what we could do once the money had gone.一旦钱花光了，我们就不知怎么办了。1once作为连接词引导条件状语从句时，后面接现在分词表示与主语是主动关系；接

13、过去分词表示与主 语是被动关系。Once prin ted, this dicti onary will be very popular!一旦出版，这本词典将会非常受欢迎！2在once引导的从句中，要用一般时态代替将来时态。Once you start, you will n ever give up.一旦你开始了，就不要放弃。howeverDbreflectAlthough7语法填空（2015北京高考改编）_ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland torecover.【答案】Once【解析】考查连词。句意：一

14、旦农田遭到了破坏，那么它需要很多年才能恢复。学%84. Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.我们的腿又沉又冷，感觉就像大冰块。【句式分析】句中so.that.意为“如此以至于”，that引导结果状语从句。1He walked so fast that I could nt follow him.他走得太快，我都跟不上了。2It is so good a film that I like to see it a sec ond time.这部电影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。【名师点津】详析so.tha

15、t与such.that(1)so.that中的so后面跟形容词或副词；such.that中的such后面接名词(或名词短语)。(2)当that前的名词有表示数量多少的词many, much, few,little等修饰时，只能用so.that。(3)当that前是单数可数名词且该名词前面有形容词修饰时，可以用so+adj.+a/an+n.或such+a/an+adj.+n.。(4)在so.that.结构中，若将so+adj./adv.置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.天气太冷，我们只好待在

16、家里。So much did they eat that they could not move for the n ext hour.他们吃得太多了，一个小时都动弹不得。单句改错(1)It was so cold weather that we had to stay at home.(2)The case is very heavy that I cant lift it.(3)(2017全国卷I)I was so much n ervous that I could hardly tell which direct ion was left.【答案】(1)SOTsuch(2)very s

17、o(3)去掉much【解析】考查连词。句意：一旦农田遭到了破坏，那么它需要很多年才能恢复。学%9【解析】 1) )such 和so”, that都表示如此叹至于。区别在于such是形容朗 修怖名词，意思是如 此的这样的30是副词，修怖形容词、副词J意思是如此遠样。句意：弦是如此冷的天汛以至于我们都 不得不呆在家&cold weather中心词是名词weather故故sof sudi*(2)考查固定句型。句意：这个箱子太重了，以至于我抬不起来。固定句型so.that表示“如此 以至于much去掉考查固定句型。句養我如此穹张臥至于无法分辨哪卜方向是左。固定句型so.伽表示 坟此以K至于,n

18、mcli为多余成分*故将much去掉&5. Along the way childre n dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的孩子们停下来看我们。【句式分析】(1)dressed in long wool coats是过去分词短语在句中作定语，修饰children。 相当于who were dressed in longwool coats。(2)dress sb. vt.给.穿衣be dressed in穿着get dressed穿上/穿好衣服【易混辨析】put on表示穿的动作。wear表示穿

19、的状态，除表示穿衣外，还可指佩戴手表、首饰、徽早、花以及留发型、胡须等，含义最广。have on表示穿的状态，但不能用于进行时。dress作不及物动词时指穿衣的动作； 作及物动词时宾语是人，表示“给 某人穿衣。用put on, wear, have on, dress的适当形式填空(1)Hurry up and get_.快点穿好衣服(2)He_ a puzzled look on his face.他脸上带着困惑的表情。(3)Hurry up!_ your coat.快点穿上你的外套。(4)_The boy_ nothingwhen the door opened.门开的时候这个小男孩什么也

20、没穿。(5) When the little child caught sight of the young woman_ in white he started crying11immediately.当小女孩看到那个穿白衣服的年轻女子时，他立即哭了起来。【答案】(1)dressed(2)wore(3)Put on(4)had on(5)dressed6. We can hardly wait to see them!我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！【句式分析】 此句为简单句，句中can hardly wait to do”意为：迫不及待要做某事，相当于cant waitto do。1Heari

21、ng that the famous star is coming, his fans can hardly wait to see him.听说这位著名的明星要来，他的粉丝们迫不及待地想到见到他。2I can hardly wait to know what has happe ned.我迫不及待地想知道发生了什么。单句语法填空(1)His wife was out. He could not help but_ (cook) for himself.(2)When they knew there was a panda in the park, the children could har

22、dly wait_(see) it.【答案】(I) cook (2) to see四、重点语法突破现在进行时表示将来主要用于表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或事件。这种用法给人一种期待感，常表示最近或较近的将来。一、用于现在进行时表示将来的动词1.表示位置转移的动词或词组，女口arrive,come, get(to),leave,return,start,travel,takeoff,fly,see off等。Were starti ng forShan ghai this after noon.今天下午我们将动身去上海。Our flightis taking offand lets hurry

23、 up;or we will miss it.我们的航班要起飞了，快点；否则就赶不上了。【归纳拓展】cant wait for sth.cant help doing sth.cant help (to) do sth.cant help but do sth.迫不及待地做某事忍不住做某事不能帮助做某事不得不做某事132表示趋向性的动词或词组，如do，buy，meet，have，play，publish，spend等，此时句中一般要有 表示将来的时间状语。The young man is meeting his girlfriend this afternoon.这个年轻人今天下午要去见他的女

24、朋友。They are spending theirnext summer holiday in Guilin.下个暑假他们要在桂林度过。二、表示将来意义的其他方式1will/shall do表示单纯的将来，是对未来事情发生的“预见性”。可用于说话时才想到或决定的 事。Where is the telephone book?电话号码薄在哪里？Ill go and get it for you.我去给你拿。2be going to do表示现在的打算、意图；也可表示预料在最近将会发生的事。Are you going to watch the football game this afternoo

25、n?你打算今天下午看足球赛吗？3beto do表示预定、按计划或安排将会发生，也可表示将来必定发生或表示命令等。The meeting is to take place next Monday.会议定于下星期一举行。4be about to do意为“刚要；正要”。The concert is about to begin.音乐会即将开始。(1)表示事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，是在说话时才想到或决定的事，即临时起意，这时通常用will。(2)表示即将发生的动作。不与具体时间连用，常与when搭配。构成：be about to do.when.“即将做某事就在这时”。One day，I was

26、about to do some shoppingwhen he telephoned me.一天，我正要去买东西，他打电话找我。三、现在进行时表示将来与表示进行的区别1表示将来时，通常用瞬间性动词。The man is arriving soon.(表示将来的动作)那个人就要到了。2表示进行时，通常用延续性动词。He is reading a novel now.(表示正在进行的动作)他在看小说。四、一般现在时表示将来1客观性较强，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的动作或事件；多为表示“出发，到达”等的动词，如arrive，leave，start，go out，take off等。The flight to Shanghaitakes off at 3:00 pm.(时刻表)去上海的航班下午3点起飞。2用于条件