英语情态动词

1、JackI have good news for you!RoseWhat?JackThe Education Department has carried out rules to reduce students too much study load. RoseReally? If so, I dont have to stay up late to do so much homework and my mom may allow me to play computer games.JackThe best thing I think is that I can have more spa

2、re time to take exercise after class.RoseSure. By the way, who is your favorite sports star?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.RoseTell me something about him.JackWell, maybe I can show you some photos. 1. Ability （能力）（能力）2. Obligation （义务）（义务）3. Certainty （可能性）（可能性）4. Permission （允许（允许）5. Make requests（提出

3、请求）（提出请求）6. Make suggestions（提出建（提出建议）议）7. Make offers（提供帮助）（提供帮助）8. Give advice（提出意见）（提出意见）1.Ability (能力能力):Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds.can/could:1. can 一般表示一般表示与生俱来的能力与生俱来的能力或或者一种者一种客观可能性客观可能性,还可以表示还可以表示请请求和允许求和允许 。Learning English _ be difficult.canMan can not live wi

4、thout air. _ I use your bike?Cancan/could:2.在疑问句中，用在疑问句中，用could可表示请可表示请求，语气较委婉。求，语气较委婉。 _I have the television on? Yes, you _. / No, you _CouldHe asks if he _ smoke here.couldcan/maycant/Im afraid notcan/could:3.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在要用在否定句否定句、疑问句疑问句或或惊叹句惊叹句中）中） Hes such a nice person

5、 that he _ commit the crime. cant你怎么会如此地粗心！你怎么会如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could:4. can never/canttoo表示表示“无论怎样无论怎样也不过分也不过分”，“越越越越好好” 。你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。 You cant be too careful while crossing the road. can/be able to区别区别:Edison always wondered why hens could

6、hatch (孵孵) chickens while he was not able to.Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable (互换互换) ? If not, why?can表示表示或或，而而be able to更加强调更加强调或者或者，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。can/be able to区别区别: A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2. She _ speak

7、both English and French.canIm so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation (义务义务):yet he must work hard to win the gold medal.Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle raceadvisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustMy mother brings me up and takes good care of me

8、, so when she is old, I _ look after her in return. A.can B.may C.have to D.must Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games.Although the chance of winning a medal is small, Ill try my best! 3.Certainty (可能性可能性) :very uncertainalmost certainmightshouldmustmaycouldought towill1.He _ be at hom

9、e.2.He _ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago.A.may B.might C.must A.may B.might C.must (can)must 表示肯定的猜测，译为表示肯定的猜测，译为“一定一定”，不能用于否定句或疑问句。不能用于否定句或疑问句。This must be your pen.He must be doing his homework now.He must have arrived already.mustmust2. 表示表示“坚持坚持”（常用于固定句型：（常用于固定句型：i

10、f you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄离开。如果你真的要走，那就悄悄离开。If you must leave, do it quietly.They_ be doing the experiment in the lab.Why？Because the lights are still burning.A.could B.can C.must D.would 4.Permission (允许允许):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1. 表示许可。表示请求、允许时，表示

11、许可。表示请求、允许时，might比比may的语气更委婉一些。的语气更委婉一些。 Might/May I use your computer? Yes, you can. /No, you cant. may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，疑问句则要用疑问句则要用can或或could）。）。 祝你成功！祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life. 5.Making requests (提出

12、要求提出要求):Can you help me with my training?I dont know how to use this equipment! will can could wouldinformalformal6.Making suggestions (提出建议提出建议):Shall we do the training in the morning?Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon. shall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见、向对

13、方请示或提供帮助见、向对方请示或提供帮助 。1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to leave hospital? 3.Shall I carry this bag for you?shall:2.Shall用于第二、第三人称，表用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。诺或威胁。 You shall fail if you dont work harder. He shall be punished according to the rule. 等我读完这本书，就会给他

14、的。等我读完这本书，就会给他的。 He shall have the book when I finish it.警告警告威胁威胁允诺允诺shall:3.Shall用于第三人称，表示在条用于第三人称，表示在条约，规定，法令等文件中表示义约，规定，法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为务或规定，意为“应应”、“必必须须”。 The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult. 7.Making offers (提供帮助

15、提供帮助):Dont worry, dear. I will wash them right away.Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I dont have timewill/would:1. 表示请求、建议等，表示请求、建议等，would比比will委婉客气。委婉客气。sentence pattern Would you please do Would you mind doingWould ratherWould you like sthwill/would:2.表示意志、愿望和决心。表示意志、愿望和决心。 I will never d

16、o that again. will/would:3.可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总经常、惯于、总是是”。The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. wouldwill/would:I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch. Question: Is this sentence correct? Why?情态

17、动词情态动词表示表示 “意愿意愿”8.Giving advice (提出意见提出意见):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!should:1.Should表示劝告、建议、命令，表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是其同义词是ought to；在疑问句中，；在疑问句中，通常用通常用should代替代替oughtto。Should I open the window? 我们应当要相互学习。我们应当要相互学习。 We should learn from each other.should:2.情态动词情态

18、动词should用于第一人称用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。客气、委婉的语气。 RoseSure. By the way, who is your idol?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.I should advise you not to do that again. 3. should表示意外或惊讶表示意外或惊讶 常译为常译为 “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人我

19、不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。如此无礼。should:4. should 表示猜测时，一般指按经验或逻辑表示猜测时，一般指按经验或逻辑判断，翻译成判断，翻译成“照说应该，估计，想必照说应该，估计，想必” should: -When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need三三. “情态动词情态动词+have done”的用法的用法（1）must have done对过去某事的十分肯定

20、猜测对过去某事的十分肯定猜测（2）may/might have done对过去某事的可能性对过去某事的可能性猜测猜测（3）cant/couldnt have done对过去某事的对过去某事的否定猜测否定猜测（4）should/ought to have done过去应该做而未过去应该做而未做做（5）shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 过去不应该做而实际上做了过去不应该做而实际上做了（6）neednt have done 本没有必要做的事实际本没有必要做的事实际却做了却做了（7）could have done 本来能够做的（有能力做）事实际却未做到本来能够做的（有能力做）

21、事实际却未做到Practice With so much work on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have goneC. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone2. There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurry D. neednt have hurriedPractice3. I saw Mary in the library

22、 yesterday. -You_ her. She is still abroad.A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see4. Aunt Mary_the train; otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A. must have missed B. should have missedC. had missed D. might miss五五. 表示否定的情态动词的用法表示否定的情态动词的用法: 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点部分情态动

23、词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。之一。 mustnt 不准不准, 禁止禁止 neednt 没必要没必要 ( = dont have to )cant 不能不能; 不可能不可能may not 不可以不可以; 可能不可能不shouldnt 不应该不应该 ( = ought not to ) How can we deal with exercises How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs?concerning modal verbs?Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage co

24、ntext (上下文、上下文、语境语境)Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage context (上下文、上下文、语境语境)高考考题高考考题:1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lo

25、st3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have beenB D B 4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 5. Its nearly se

26、ven oclock . Jack _be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. could D C1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to

27、A D 3. They will _ run this machine on theirown in three months.A. can B. could C. may D. be able to4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able toD A 5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should6. Might I watch TV after

28、 supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. couldC A 7. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldntC B

29、9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wontB C 情态动词考题情态动词考题:1. Put on more clothes. You be feeling cold with only a

30、shirt on. A. can B. could C. must D. would2. Must I drive to his house and pick up the children? No, . A. you shouldnt B. you might not C. you neednt D. you mustntC C 3. We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustnt have attended B. cannot have attended C. neednt have attended D. would

31、 have not attended4. We play chess than bridge. Some of us dont know how to play bridge. A. had better B. would better C. would rather D. had ratherB A 5. There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. can B. must C. should D. ought to6. Two years ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you li

32、ve in town, it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking. A. must not B. may not C. should not D. dont have toA D 1.May I sit beside you, sir? - No, you _. My girlfriend is coming soon. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt 2.- _ I speak to Mary, please? -Sorry, she_ come to the phone be

33、cause she isnt in.A. Might; wont B. Cant; mustnt C. May; cant D. Couldnt; shouldnt1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考题）高考题） A. must B. can C. need D. may2.It has been announced that candidates(候选人候选人) _ remain in their seats until all the papers ha

34、ve been collected. (2002上海高考题）上海高考题） A. can B.will C. may D. shall3.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京高考题）北京高考题） -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be3. - I want to know if I _ smoke here. - No, you_ . Could y

35、ou see the sign “NO SMOKING” there? can; neednt B. must; cant C. shall; wont D. may; mustnt4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always _ look it up. A. must B. should C. would D. has to5. - _ you pass me the English magazine, please? - Sure. Here you are. Could B. Need C. Must D. Migh

36、t6. -Must I go to work with you? - No, you_. Linda _ go with me.A. mustnt; can B. cant; has to C. darent; should D. neednt; mayD7. - _ I tell Mary the test results? - No, you_. Shes already got the score. A. Will; wont B. Shall; neednt C. May; mustnt D. Can; dont8. You _ be careful when crossing her

37、e. The traffic lights arent working.A. might B. ought to C. could D. mayBB9. -Could I borrow your bicycle? - Yes, of course you_. will B. should C. can D. need10. Joan_ come with us this afternoon, but she isnt very sure yet. A. can B. may C. must D. willCB11. I _ ask you the question because I thin

38、k I _ be wrong. darent; must B. mustnt; can C. neednt; may D. cant; should12. Its nearly eight oclock. Mike _ be here at any moment. A. need B. has to C. should D. can13. The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to14.-What do yo

39、u think of this answer? -I dont think it _ be right. should B. might C. must D. canDD15. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _. He likes driving his car.A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. mustnt16. He doesnt have to work tomorrow, but you have got to, _ you? dont B. havent C. havent got D. c

40、antCB17. You_ wake me up when I fall asleep, _ you?A. havent better; have B. would not rather; would C. had better not; should D. had not better; must18. -Why! I couldnt get you on the phone this morning. - We _ tennis in the yard when you phone me. could be playing B. must be playing C. must have b

41、een playing D. should have played19. - We didnt see him at the lecture. - Neither did anybody else. He _ it.A. may not have attended B. mustnt attend C. cant have attended D. couldnt attend20. -I came here by taxi and the driver charged me 50 yuan. -Really? You _ have come by bus. could B. must C. m

42、ay D. should21. - Do you still remember when we went to the Great Wall? - I cant remember it well, but _ it have been sometime last May?A. should B. must C. could D. would22. -I wonder why Mr. Lin didnt come to work. - He_ have been ill. neednt B. should C. might D. can23. -No one passed the mathema

43、tics examination today. -I guess we _ the exercise last night. could review B. should review C. might review D. should have reviewed24. She_ the hospital so soon, for she hasnt yet recovered. wouldnt have left B. shouldnt have left C. neednt leave D. hadnt left25. Why didnt you tell me there was no meeting today? I _ all the way here through the heavy snow. neednt have driven B. cant have driven C. must have driven D. shouldnt have driven.26. The book is neither yours nor mine. Whose _ it be?A. must B. may C. should D. can27. It is surprising that he _ have been so foolish.A. must