八年级下册英语学习材料

1、2014新版八年级下册教材新版八年级下册教材学习与预习材料学习与预习材料重要短语汇总：重要短语汇总：have a sore throat， have a very sore throathave a sore backhave a coldhave a stomachachehave a headachehave a feverhave a coughhave a cough and a sore throathave a toothachehave a nosebleedhave a heart problem嗓子疼嗓子疼嗓子很疼嗓子很疼背疼，腰疼背疼，腰疼感冒感冒胃疼，肚子疼胃疼，肚子疼头

2、疼头疼发烧发烧咳嗽咳嗽咳嗽嗓子疼咳嗽嗓子疼牙疼牙疼流鼻血流鼻血心脏病心脏病hurt himselfhurt his leg leg hurtsget hit on the head by a balllie downlie down and restget an X-raytake ones temperaturetake a breaktake breakstake breaks away from the computer受伤受伤腿受伤腿受伤腿疼腿疼头被球碰了一下头被球碰了一下躺下躺下躺下休息躺下休息照照/拍拍X光光量体温量体温休息休息离开电脑休息离开电脑休息be used to doin

3、gtake a risk, take risksbe used to taking risksin a very dangerous situationby oneselffree his armrun out ofrun out of water . The water ran out.cut off cut off half his right armget out ofget out of the difficult situationbe in control of习惯于习惯于,冒险冒险习惯冒险习惯冒险身在危险处境身在危险处境独自独自挪出胳膊挪出胳膊用尽用尽，耗尽，耗尽水喝光了水喝光了

4、割断，砍掉割断，砍掉将右胳膊从中间割断将右胳膊从中间割断从从出来，摆脱出来，摆脱摆脱困难处境摆脱困难处境掌管，管理掌管，管理in the same way sit in the same way for too long without moving shout for help think twicewithout thinking twice stop the bus without thinking twicespeak without thinking twiceget off the busto ones surprise thanks to think aboutHe only t

5、hought about saving a life.以同样的方式以同样的方式以一个姿势长时间坐着不动以一个姿势长时间坐着不动呼救，大声呼救呼救，大声呼救权衡利弊，考虑再三权衡利弊，考虑再三没有多想，毫不犹豫没有多想，毫不犹豫没有多想就停下车没有多想就停下车脱口而出，随口就说脱口而出，随口就说下车下车令人吃惊的是令人吃惊的是多亏了多亏了，幸亏，幸亏，由于，由于考虑考虑他只想到救人性命他只想到救人性命give up, give up doinggive up smoking give up some days to help othersmake a decisionfeel sicktell

6、of tell of the importance of making good decisions be caught under a 360-kilo rock between a rock and a hard placea book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place放弃，停止放弃，停止戒烟戒烟放弃几天休息时间去帮助别人放弃几天休息时间去帮助别人做决定做决定感到难受感到难受讲述讲述讲述做出正确决定的重要性讲述做出正确决定的重要性被被360公斤的巨石压着公斤的巨石压着左右为难，进退两难左右为难，进退两难一本名叫一本名叫生死两难生死两难的书的书1.

7、hurt: v.疼痛; 伤害，把弄伤；（hurt-hurt- hurt）If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.If your head still hurts, you will have to go to a doctor.I have a toothache. It hurts a lot.Did you hurt yourself playing soccer?I was playing soccer the other day and hurt myself.I hurt my leg yester

8、day and it still hurts now.He hurt himself in P.E. class.2.free: a.自由的，空闲的，免费的； v.使自由，释放，I am not free today.He could not free his arm.How did Aron free himself ?He freed the bird.3.hit (hithithit ) v.打，打击，碰撞，袭击He hit an old man on the road.The old man got hit on the road.He got hit on the head by a

9、 football.重要单词：重要单词：重要句型总结：重要句型总结：Whats the matter?Whats the matter with ?Whats the matter with you?What happened to you ?Whats your trouble?Whats wrong with?Are you OK?Is he OK ?Do you have a fever？Does he have a toothache?I询问身体情况用语：询问身体情况用语：have a cold.have a sore back.have a very sore throat.have

10、 a stomachache.have a fever.have a toothachehave a coughhave a headacheMy head feels very hot.I cant move my neck.I hurt my leg.My leg hurts.Whats the matter?Whats the matter with ?Whats the matter with you?Whats wrong with you ?What happened to you ?语法提示：语法提示：以上句子为陈述语序，以上句子为陈述语序，what 是句子的主语，变为宾语从句时

11、是句子的主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变语序不变。Whats your trouble? 是疑问句语序，变为宾语从句时要是疑问句语序，变为宾语从句时要改变语序改变语序。He asked what your trouble was.He asked what my trouble was.He asked what was the matter.He asked what was the matter with me.He asked what was wrong with me.He asked what happened to me.比较：比较：What should I do?What sho

12、uld he do?Should I take my temperature?Should he see a doctor?用情态动词用情态动词 should 表示表示 “应该应该”You should take your temperature.He should get an X-ray.He should put some medicine on the cut.He shouldnt stay up too late.It is +形容词形容词+ that 从句从句:Its sad that many people dont want to help others because .I

13、t is important that we should learn English in the right way.Its important that we should take good care of the patient. .so that 句型：句型： 表目的，常与表目的，常与can，may， should连用连用 With his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he could not lose too much blood.He got up early so that he could catch the first bu

14、s.so that 句型：表结果，与形容词、副词连用句型：表结果，与形容词、副词连用His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climb mountains even after this experience.He studied so hard that he became one of the top students in his class.used to + do sth. “过去常常做某事”，只用于过去时态。 I used to go to the cinema, but I never have tim

15、e now. Tom used to have longhair. She used to be short but now she is tall. I used to be afraid of dark. be/get used to +doing .表示习惯于做某事表示习惯于做某事 (to是介词是介词) I am used to running every morning. He gets used to speaking Chinese now.比较：比较：He used to listen to pop music, but now he is used to rock music.

16、She used to live in the city,but now she gets used to living in the country.see sb. doing The driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.think about doing He only thought about saving a life.be used to doing Aron is used to taking risks.keep on doing He lept on climbing mountains even after

17、 this experience.expect sb. to do He expected most or all of ht e passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.agree to do They all agreed to go with him.help sb.( to ) do Some passengers helped Mr.Wang to move the man onto the bus.be ready to do He was not ready to die that day.本单元带非谓语动词的句型：本单元带

18、非谓语动词的句型：难点解释：定语从句难点解释：定语从句定语从句：在名词后面作定语的句子，常用定语从句：在名词后面作定语的句子，常用who，that，which，when等引导。等引导。比较：比较：Aron is an American man who is interestedin mountain climbing.Aron is an American man. He is interested in mountain climbing.Arons arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him.Arons arm was cau

19、ght under a 360-kilo rock . It fell on him.We have to make a decision that could mean life or death.We have to make a decision. The decision could mean life or death.There are many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.There are many times. At that time Aron almost lost his life

20、because of accidents.Unit 2重要短语：重要短语：clean upclean up the city parkthe city park clean-upclean-up Daycheer up cheer up sick kidscheer them upmake a plan,make planshelp sb. with打扫干净打扫干净清扫城市公园清扫城市公园清扫城市公园活动清扫城市公园活动大扫除日大扫除日使使高兴高兴让患病的孩子高兴起来让患病的孩子高兴起来让他们高兴让他们高兴制定计划制定计划帮助某人帮助某人care forcare for the oldcare

21、 for animalsgive outgive out food at the food bankgive up give up some days to help othersvolunteer to dovolunteer in an after-school study program照顾，非常喜欢照顾，非常喜欢照顾老人照顾老人照看动物照看动物分发，散发分发，散发在食物站分发食物在食物站分发食物放弃放弃放弃几天休息时间帮助别人放弃几天休息时间帮助别人志愿做某事志愿做某事在课外学习活动中做志愿者在课外学习活动中做志愿者hand outhand out some noticeshand t

22、hem outcome up withcome up with a plancome up with a lot of good ideascome up with some way of getting moneyraise money for sb.put offput off making a planput off the meeting分发分发散发通知散发通知想出，提出想出，提出提出，想出计划提出，想出计划想出许多好主意想出许多好主意想出赚钱的办法想出赚钱的办法给给募捐募捐推迟，延期推迟，延期延期制定计划延期制定计划推迟会期推迟会期call upcall up ten student

23、sused to dotry out try out for a volunteer fix upfix up broken bikesfix them upgive away the bikes to kidsgive them away to kids征召，打电话给征召，打电话给召集召集10名学生名学生过去经常做某事过去经常做某事参加参加选拔，试用选拔，试用参加一个志愿者选拔活动参加一个志愿者选拔活动修理，装饰修理，装饰修理坏自行车修理坏自行车将自行车捐给孩子们将自行车捐给孩子们take aftertake after my fatherset upmake a differencemak

24、e a big difference to my lifebe proud ofa dream come true外貌或行为像外貌或行为像我长得像我父亲我长得像我父亲建立，设立建立，设立影响，有作用影响，有作用对我的生活有很大影响对我的生活有很大影响以以而骄傲，自豪而骄傲，自豪梦想成真梦想成真used to + do ，used to be. 只用于过去时态, 表示 “过去经常做某事”， 或“过去存在”的状态。(一)肯定句式： 主语 + used to + 动词原形 I used to go to the cinema, but I never have time now. He used t

25、o listen to pop music but now he likes rock music. Tom used to have long hair. Martin used to cause a lot of troubles. she used to be short，but now she is very tall. He used to be a very close friend of mine. Life used to be very hard before. There used to be a temple here, but now it is a park.重要句型

26、总结：重要句型总结：(二)否定句式： 1.主语 + did not use to + 动词原形 2.主语+ used not to + 动词原形 (used not-usednt) He didnt use to do housework. He usednt to do housework.(三)一般疑问句式： 1.Did+主语+use to+动词原形? 2.Used+主语+to+动词原形? Did you use to be a teacher ? Used you to be a teacher ? You used to be short, didnt you? Yes, I did.

27、 No, I didnt. You used to be short, usednt you? Yes, I used to. No, I usednt. 区别区别1：be / get used to doing表示习惯于做某事表示习惯于做某事 (to是介词是介词) I am used to running every morning. He gets used to speaking Chinese now.This kind of wood can be used to make paper. 区别区别2：be used to do.-被用来做某事被用来做某事 （动词（动词use的被动语态

28、）的被动语态）This kind of wood can be used for making paper. 区别区别3：be used for doing.被用来做某事被用来做某事 （动词动词use的被动语态的被动语态）区别区别4：be used as.-.被用作被用作 （动词动词use的被动语态的被动语态） This house is used as a library for kids.used to do过去经常做某事过去经常做某事 He used to exercise in the morning.比较：比较：巩固练习：一、用所给单词的适当形式填空：1. I used _ (be

29、）short ,but now Im quite tall.2. Did you use _(get) up late in the morning?3. Do you get used to _（live）in this city?3. Bamboos are often used to _(make) different things.4.They have been used to _(live ) in the countryside.5. Trees can be used for _(build) houses.6. You will soon get used to _(spea

30、k) English in class.7. There used _(be) a lot of trees here.to beto getlivingmakelivingbuildingspeakingto be二、根据汉语意思完成句子：1.I _the food here.(我习惯于吃这儿的食物。)2.Tom_here.(汤姆曾在这儿住过。）3.I _in the river when I was a child. (我小时候常常去河里游泳。）4.Wood _paper. (木头可以用来造纸。)5. Knives _(用来切东西）6. There _(曾经有家商店）here.am use

31、d to eating used to liveused to swimcan be used to makecan be used for makingare used to cut thingsused to be a shop三、选择题： He used to _with his parents ,but now he gets used to _ alone. a. live,live b. living, living c. live, living d. living, live 2. There _ a lot of trees in this park. A.was used

32、to B.was used to be C.used to D. used to be 3. He used to _ in a small village, but now he has been used to _ in the big city. A. live; living B.live; live C.living;living D.living; live 4. Mrs Green _ to hospital, but now she is in good health. A. use to go B.used to go C.used to going D.is used to

33、 go5. would like to do Id like to help homeless people.love to do I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.help to do The boy could help to clean up the city parks.need to do We need to make a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up.want to do Mario loves animals and want

34、s to be an animal doctor.volunteer to do Why did Mario and Mary volunteer to help others?decide to do She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.本单元带非谓语动词的句型：本单元带非谓语动词的句型：it-作形式宾语：作形式宾语： You help to make it possible for me to have Lucky. Internet makes it possible for many p

35、eople to work at home. I think it easy to learn English. I find it important for children to learn how to help their parents with housework.it-作形式主语：作形式主语： It is important for us to learn a foreign language. It usually takes me two hours to do my homework. It is parents job to provide a clean and co

36、mfortable environment at home for their children. It is very clear that the earth is bigger than the moon. It was reported that dozens of people died in the accident . 带有带有it的句子结构分析：的句子结构分析：Unit 3重要短语：重要短语：do the dishesfold the clothessweep the floormake the bedtake out the rubbishdo choresDo housew

37、ork and choreshelp (sb.)out with sth.help out with some choreshelp parents with some chorestake the dog for a walk洗刷餐具洗刷餐具叠衣服叠衣服拖地拖地整理床铺整理床铺倒垃圾倒垃圾干杂务干杂务干家务活干家务活帮助做某事帮助做某事帮忙干杂务帮忙干杂务帮父母干杂务活帮父母干杂务活遛狗遛狗any minute now，any time now，any moment nowall the time as soon as in order to dodepend ontake care ofg

38、et a ridegive sb. a ride give sb a ride to town in surprisea waste of time spend onas a reslt随时，马上随时，马上频繁，频繁， 反复反复一一就就， 尽快尽快目的是目的是， 为了为了依靠，信赖依靠，信赖照顾，处理照顾，处理搭车搭车让某人搭车让某人搭车让某人搭车去城里让某人搭车去城里吃惊的，惊讶的吃惊的，惊讶的浪费时间浪费时间在在上花费时间上花费时间/金钱金钱结果结果get good gradesgrades drop develop childrens independencedo ones part i

39、n 取的好成绩取的好成绩成绩下滑成绩下滑发展孩子的自主能力发展孩子的自主能力尽自己的职责尽自己的职责重要句型总结：重要句型总结：用用can 或或 could 表示请求表示请求Could you Could you pleaseCan youdo the dishes ?fold the clothes ?sweep the floor ?make the bed ?take out the rubbish ?do some chores ?help out with some chores ?take the dog for a walk？比较级特殊句型：比较级特殊句型： the +比较级比较

40、级， the +比较级比较级-.越越，.越越。The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会自立，对他们的将来就越好。孩子们越早学会自立，对他们的将来就越好。=Kids learn to be independent earlier, it is better for their future.比较下面两组句子的变化：比较下面两组句子的变化：1.He worked hard, he got much. He worked harder, he got more. The h

41、arder he worked, the more he got. 他工作越努力他工作越努力,得到的就越多得到的就越多.2. He is busy, he feels happy. He is busier, he feels happier. The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越高兴。他越忙越高兴。 更多例句：更多例句：The more she worried, the worse she felt. 她越担心她越担心,就越感觉不好。就越感觉不好。The less he worried, the better he felt. 他越不烦恼他

42、越不烦恼,感觉就越好感觉就越好 .The more you give him, the more he want to get from you. 你给他的越多，他想得到的就越多。你给他的越多，他想得到的就越多。The harder you work at your lessons,the better grades you will get. 你学习越努力，成绩就越好。你学习越努力，成绩就越好。The more, the better. 越多越好。越多越好。The more she learns, the more she wants to learn. 她越学越想学。她越学越想学。neit

43、her 和和 so 句型：句型：She did not do any housework and neither did I.=She did not do any housework . Neither did I. （Nor did I.）= She did not do any housework. I didnt do it ,either.She did some housework and so did I. She did some housework . so did I. =She did some housework . I did some housework ,too.

44、 更多例句：更多例句：A：I like playing football. B：So do I./So does my brother. A:Tom is a student. B: So am I.A:Tom cant speak Chinese. B: Neither can his brother.A:I dont like eating pear. B:Neither do i。 hate to do I hate to do chores.make sb. do Some parents make their kids help with housework and chores.T

45、here is no need for sb. to do There is no need for kids to do housework.Its ones job (duty) to do 做做是某人的职责是某人的职责 It is parents job tp provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children at home. Its my job to help you.mind doing I do not mind doing chores at home.本单元带非谓语动词的句型：本单元带非谓语动词的句型

46、：Unit 4重要短语汇总：重要短语汇总：get into a fight with sb.have a fight with sb.fight a lotcall sb. uplook through sth.be angry with sb.Big dealIts a big dealIts not a big deal. Its no big deal.work outHoping things work out.和和打架打架经常争吵经常争吵给给打电话打电话快速查看，浏览快速查看，浏览生生的气的气重要的事重要的事这事挺重要这事挺重要这没啥大不了的这没啥大不了的解决解决，成功地发展，成功地

47、发展希望事情会好起来。希望事情会好起来。get on with sb. get on well with sb.hang outhang out with municate with sb.be worried aboutstudy for a testcopy homeworkcompete with sb.cut out Cut out dinking/smokinga mother of three与与和睦相处和睦相处闲逛闲逛和某人闲逛和某人闲逛与某人交流与某人交流为为担心，着急担心，着急准备考试准备考试抄作业抄作业与与竞争竞争删除，减掉删除，减掉戒酒戒酒,戒烟戒烟三个孩子的母亲三个孩子

48、的母亲comparewithcompare them with other childrenlet kids be kidspush sb. push sb. too hardin ones opinionin my opinion将将与与对比，比较对比，比较将他们与别的孩子对比将他们与别的孩子对比让孩子顺其自然让孩子顺其自然督促（某人）努力督促（某人）努力对对要求过严要求过严, 逼得太紧逼得太紧依依的看法的看法依我的观点看依我的观点看重要句型：1.提出建议：提出建议： Why dont you talk to your parents? Why not talk to your parent

49、s? Why dont you sit down and communicate with your brother? Why not sit down and communicate with your brother? Maybe you could go to his house. What should he do? You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV. He should talk to his friends so that he can say hes sorry. Well, I guess you cou

50、ld tell her to say sorry.let sb. do. He should let you watch your favorite showallow sb. o do My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends.refuse to do He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show.try to do You should try to be friendlier.offer to do You should offer to help.Its nor

51、mal to do Its normal to have these feelings.find sb. doing I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.mind sb. doing You dont mind him watching TV all the time.2.本单元带非谓语动词的句型：本单元带非谓语动词的句型：Unit 5重要短语：重要短语：go offtake a showerpick up the phonemake dinnerfall asleepdie downThe wind was dying

52、downhave a lookin a messbring apartbring many things apartmake ones way toin silencetake downat first（闹钟）发出响声（闹钟）发出响声洗淋浴洗淋浴接电话接电话做饭做饭进入梦乡，睡着进入梦乡，睡着逐渐变弱，逐渐消失逐渐变弱，逐渐消失 大风逐渐减弱大风逐渐减弱看一看看一看乱糟糟，一团糟，一片狼藉乱糟糟，一团糟，一片狼藉拆开，拆散拆开，拆散 将很多东西拆散将很多东西拆散 前往前往，费力地前进，费力地前进沉默，缄默，无声沉默，缄默，无声拆除，摧毁，毁掉，拆除，摧毁，毁掉，往下拽，往下拽，记录记录最初最初

53、(首先首先,开始时开始时) make sureget wetbe caught in the rainall of a sudden确保，确认，查明，核实确保，确认，查明，核实淋湿，弄湿淋湿，弄湿 淋雨，着雨淋雨，着雨 突然突然 过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。 动词构成：动词构成：was/were+V-ingat this / that time, at this momentat the time ofat +具体时间具体时间when 从句从句while 从句从句 常用时间状语：常用时间状语：语法要点：过去进行时语法要点：过去进行时What were you doing at e