人教版高中英语必修2期末复习提纲

1、 Unit11. survive vi.幸免；生还；幸存 vt. 经历而幸存；比活的时间长survival n. 幸存 survivor n.生还者，幸存者用法点拨： survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因此后面不需要加in或from等介词。The old couple _ _ _ （从战争中幸存下来).In the terrible accident, there were no _ （幸存者).2. in search of 寻找I looked everywhere in search of my lost pen. 我四处寻找我丢失的钢笔。用法点拨：in search of短语中

2、，如果search前有物主代词或者其他成分修饰时，我们经常用in ones search for的形式。in search of 与search for 后直接跟所寻找的对象或目标。【易混辨析】search/search for/search.for/in search ofsearch表示“搜索；搜寻；调查”。search sb.意为“搜某人身”；search sp.意为“在某地搜查”（意图找到某东西）。search for意为“寻找”，指搜寻某个特定的目标，相当于look for。search.for意为“搜查某人或某地以寻找某物”。in search of介词短语，意为“寻找”，后接寻找

3、的目标或对象。【即学即练】警察搜索那栋房屋，寻找被偷的宝石。 The police _ the house _ the stolen jewel. 他们在门口搜查了那个士兵。 They _ the guard at the gate.警察到处搜捕他。最终他被抓住了，现在警察正在对他进行搜身。 The police _ _ him everywhere. He was caught at last and now the police are _ him.显然有人搜过他的房子那本书不见了。 His house had clearly been _ and the book was missing

4、.答案:searched; for searched searched for；searchingsearched单项填空They were walking around the town _ a place for the party. A. in search of B. search C. searching of D. searched for解析：选A。in search of为介词短语，意为“寻找”，符合句意。B、D两项动词形式不对；无C项search of 此种搭配。3. Frederick William, the King of Prussia, could never ha

5、ve imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。couldnt have done，意为“过去不可能做了某事”，表示对过去已发生的事情较有把握的否定推测。【联想拓展】could have done 本可以做某事却未做；本来可能发生某事却未发生。must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为一定做过某事，只用于肯定句中。I didnt hear he phone.

6、I must have been asleep. 我没听见电话，我一定是睡着了。may/might have done表示对过去发生的情况的推测，意为“也许”，一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用于疑问句中。might则表示语气更加不肯定。What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he might have done better. 多可惜！鉴于他的能力和经验，他可能会做得更好。should/ought to have done 本该做某事而实际上没做You should have told me yesterday that you

7、had changed your mind. 你昨天应该告诉我你改变主意了。shouldnt have done 本不该做某事而实际上却做了He was very sad now. I shouldnt have scolded him.need have done 本来有必要做某事，但事实上没有做He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。 neednt have done 本来不需要做某事实际上却做了I neednt

8、 have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。 would have done 本来会(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中) I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 【即学即练】His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ have attended your lect

9、ure. A. couldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. shouldnt解析：选A。由“His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon”可推知,当时他不在课堂上,不可能听了你的课。couldnt have done意为“不可能做了某事”,符合句意。Your mother was really anxious about you. I know. I _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have

10、 left D. neednt leave解析：选B。由“Your mother was really anxious about you”和“I know”可知，“我”是在为自己未打招呼就离家而自责。shouldnt have done意为“某种行为不该发生却发生了”，符合句意。such an amazing history=so amazing a history这样一段令人惊讶的历史such 和 so 的用法1）such修饰名词。 即：sucha/anadj.n., such+ adj.+复数名词， such+ adj. +不可数名词2）so后面只能跟形容词或副词。 即：和soadj.或

11、adv.， so+形容词+a或an+单数可数名词。如：The tiger is so big. And the cat is so small.She is so lovely a girl.3）它们后面还可以与that从句连用。即：suchthat和sothat意思是“如此以致”。如：She is such a clever girl that she can make much progress in math exam.His brother is so young that he cant go to school.注：当名词前的形容词为表示数目的词时，such必须换成so。如：The

12、re are so many people that we cant go past.I ate so much food that I didnt want to go any farther. 注意这一句话：He is such a little boy that he cant read or write.(这一句话中的a little不是“一点”的意思，而是“一个小的”的意思，所以，前面仍然用such，而不用so。4.This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber

13、 were used to make it. 这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。 be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 Wood is used to make into desks. be/get used to (doing)sth. 习惯做某事 He is used to getting up early. use to do sth. 过去常常做某事 I used to have a walk after supper, but now Im used to playing basketball.5. The design of t

14、he room was in the fancy style popular in those days.琥珀屋采取了当时流行的奇特的建筑式样。 design n. 设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思I like the design of that rug. 我喜欢那块地毯的图案。A new highway between the two cities is being designed. 这两个城市之间的一条新高速公路正在设计中。常用结构：by design=on purpose 有意地，故意地 be designed to do. 目的是做；被打算做be designed for

15、. 为而打算设计【即学即练】你觉得他是偶尔如此，还是故意的？ Do you think he did it accidentally or _ _ ？实验的目的是测试新药。 The experiment _ _ _ test the new drug. 这些房子是专门为老年人而设计的。 The houses are specially _ _ the old people. 答案:by design/on purpose is designed to designed forI like the television program_ educate not merely entertain.

16、 A. designed toB. designed for C. is designed toD. is designed for解析：选A。be designed to do为固定搭配，表示“目的是”。designed to.在句中为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词program。B、D两项中的for为介词,后面需接v.-ing形式或名词,故排除。fancy adj. 奇特的; 精致的; v. 想; 以为; 想像1). Thats a very fancy pair of shoes! 那是一双非常别致的鞋!2). I fancy (that) its going to rain toda

17、y. 我看今天要下雨重点用法fancy that以为是fancy (sbs) doing想像（某人）做某事fancy oneself自负；自命不凡fancy sb. to be / as 想象/认为某人会成为 I cant fancy his doing such a thing. 我想不到他会做这种事。 He fancies himself as a good writer. 他认为自己是好作家。6.It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the countrys best artists about

18、 ten years to make. 用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。decorate vt. 装饰，装修；授予荣誉标志（勋章）with 以.装饰 常用搭配decorate sth. with sth. 用某物装饰某物She decorated her room with flowers. 她用鲜花装饰了她的房间。The hero was decorated for bravery. 这位英雄因勇敢而授勋。7. However, the next King of Prussia，Frederick William，to whom the ambe

19、r room belonged, decided not to keep it.然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。belong to 属于 Who does this watch belong to?这块表是谁的？用法点拨:belong to不用于进行时态和被动语态中。【即学即练】As is known to us all, China is a developing country _ the third world. A. belonging B. belonged C. belonging to D. belonged to 解析：选C。belong

20、 to 此处作定语，无被动语态和进行时态，必须和to连用构成及物动词 短语。【联想拓展】belong vi.属于;应在(某处);适应 belongings n.财产,所有物;动产She lost all her belongings in the earthquake. 她在地震中失去了所有的财产。I dont really feel I belong here. 我感觉我并不适合在这个地方。8. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.作为回报，沙皇送给他一队自己最好的士兵。in return 作为报答；回报An o

21、ld man gave us some food and water but asked for nothing in return on the island.在那个岛上一位老人给了我们一些食物和水，但没有要求任何回报。in return for作为对的回报in turn 依次；逐个地；转而；反过来I invited him to dinner in return for his kindness. 为了报答他的好心，我宴请了他。He spends too much time on maths, and this in turn affects the progress of his oth

22、er subjects.他在数学上花的时间太多，这同时影响他的其他学科的进步。The students answered the teachers questions in turn. 学生们依次回答老师的问题。9. Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.10. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, i

23、t is now missing. 可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹，可是现在它却消失了。1）consider 考虑；认为，把。看作I am considering going abroad. 我正在考虑出国。I consider it a great honor.我认为这是极大的荣幸。We consider that the driver is not to blame. 我们认为这不是司机的过错。We consider it (to be ) true.=(We consider that it is true.) 我们认为这是真实的。We consider him(to be

24、) our friend. 我们把他当我们的好朋友。 2）wonder n.C 奇迹；奇观；U惊奇；惊讶 v. 想知道；对感到惊奇The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world.长城是世界七大奇迹之一。She always wondered how she could operate the new machine.她想知道她怎么才能操作这台新机器。用法点拨： wonder作“奇迹；奇观”讲时为可数名词，作“惊奇,惊叹”讲时为不可数名词。常用结构：It be a wonder (that). 奇怪的是（It be）no/littl

25、e/small wonder (that.) 难怪；并不奇怪【即学即练】你吃的那么多，难怪你睡不着。 _ _ _ you cant sleep when you eat so much. 我很想知道他是谁，来自哪里，为什么来。 I _ who he was, where he were from and why he came. 答案:Its no wonder wonderHe is always the first to come and the last to leave. _is no wonder he always takes the first place in class. A

26、. It B. There C. That D. This 解析：选A。It is no wonder （that.）意为“难怪”符合语境。11. This was a time when the two countries were at war. at war 处于交战状态 介词at可表示状态或动作 at the meeting 在会上 at peace 处于和平状态 at breakfast 在吃早饭 at table 在吃饭 at work 在上班 at school 在上学 12. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a

27、 train for Knigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。doubt n. 怀疑;疑惑 vt.怀疑;不信I dont doubt that he is honest. 我不怀疑他是诚实的。 We doubt if he is honest. 我们怀疑他是否诚实。 用法点拨： doubt作为名词，如果表达“困 惑”的事情，用作可数名词；如果表达“在某事上的困惑，”一般用作不可数名词。作为动词，在否定句和疑问句中，后接that引

28、导的从句；在肯定句中，后接whether/if引导的从句。I never doubt that he will come. 我从未怀疑他会来。I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better. 我不敢肯定这个新的是否会好一些。常用结构：in doubt 怀疑；拿不定主意no/without/beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然there is no doubt that. 毫无疑问（that从句为同位语从句，表示no doubt的实际内容，同位语从句亦可由whether引导）【即学即练】他肯定不是有意要伤害你的。 _ _he didnt

29、 mean to hurt you. 当你对这个问题没有把握时，请教一下老师。 When_ _ about the question, youd better ask the teacher. 答案:No doubt in doubtThere is no doubt _ he will be asked to speak again next year. A. that B. whether C. what D. how13After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。 rema

30、in a mystery为系表结构，在该结构中，remain为系动词，意为“(继续)保持，仍然处于(某种状态)”，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等做表语。Where he has gone remains a mystery.他去哪里了仍然是个谜。Shops remain open till late in the evening.商店营业到晚上很晚。Much work remains undone. 还有大量的工作未做。They remained listening. 他们一直在听。The patient remained in danger. 病人仍处在危险中。That remains

31、to be seen. 那还有待观察。仿写：对大部分老人来说，退休后保持活力是可能的。It is possible for most senior citizens _ after they retire.答案：to remain active拓展：(1)remain还可用做不及物动词，意为“剩下，还有；(继续)待在某处，继续存在，留下”。Little of the original architecture remains.原来的建筑现在留存的已经很少了。Ill remain to see the end of the game.我将留下看比赛的结果。 辨析 remain/stay/keep

32、remain继续保持或处于原来的状态。stay继续保持或处于原来的状态，与 remain同义，但后面不接 to do或 to be done，多接形容词等构成系表结构。keep需要设法才能保持或处于某种状态。 Please remain _； the winner of the prize will be announced soon.Aseating Bseated Cto seat Dto be seated解析：考查 remain后接分词做表语，seat vt.“使就坐”，用过去分词 seated做表语。答案：B14. In groups discuss: Is it worth reb

33、uilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuan Ming Yuan in Beijing?分组讨论：重建遗失的文化遗产，如琥珀屋和北京的圆明园是值得的吗？worth adj.值得的; 相当于的价值 n.价值; 作用【联想拓展】be worth+n. 当名词为金钱时，表示“值钱”The exhibition is worth a visit.This necklace is worth $1,000. 这条项链值1000美元。be worth doing 某事值得被做Mount Tai is well worth visit

34、ing. 泰山很值得参观。be worthy of+n. 当名词为抽象名词时,表示 “值得”be worthy to be/of being done 某事值得被做This movie is well worth seeing,but it is not worthy of being seen/to be seen twice. 这部电影值得看但是不值得看两遍。It be worthwhile doing sth. 值得做某事It be worthwhile for sb. to do sth. 值得某人去做某事It is worthwhile buying the dictionary.

35、这本词典值得买。It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again. 这个计划值得再讨论一次。【即学即练】这本书值得读。The book is worth reading.=The book is _ _ _ read.=It is _ _ the book.答案:worthy to be; worthwhile reading【即学即练】单项填空This book is worthy of _ twice. A. readingB. read C. having read D. being read解析：选D。 be worthy 后可以用to be don

36、e或of being done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动形式表示被动概念。He is well skilled _ playing the piano, so his music is worth _. A. with; listeningB. with; listening to C. in; listening D. in; listening to 解析：选D。be skilled in/at跟名词或动名词,意为“在方面有能力的”。worth意为“值得”,后跟动名词的主动形式表被动概念。在句中,music作listen to的逻辑宾语,而listen为不及物动词,to不可省略。1

37、5.take apart拆卸，拆开 look into 调查 apart from Apart from a few words, he knows nothing about Chinese.除了几个单词外，他对汉语一无所知。本句中的apart from可以换成except。Apart from Jim, Lucy and Lily also attended the meeting.除了吉姆，虂茜和莉莉也参加了会议。此句中的apart from可以由besides替换。This article is well written apart from a few spelling mistak

38、es.这篇文章写得很好，只是有几处拼写错误。这一句中的apart from可以替换成except for。16.In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信哪些证人不能相信。 该句为“疑问词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。whether, what, which, whom, who, where, when, how等加不定式构成的结构在句中起名词作用，可以作主语、表语和宾语。When and where to go on an

39、outing hasnt been decided yet.何时何地去郊游还没有决定。No one could tell me where to get the interesting book.没有人能告诉我哪儿能买到这本有趣的书。To be honest, Im at a loss what to do next.诚实地说，下一步做什么我不知所措。17. He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. 他/

40、她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是个人观点或看法。 rather than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列成分，这两个并列成分的形式应该一致。rather than连接两个主语时，其后面谓语动词的单复数形式应遵循就远原则。类似用法的词汇、短语还有：as well as，together with，except，but，with，besides，including等。 I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame. 我认为该受责备的是汤姆，而不是你。 Professor Smith, together with his assist

41、ants, is doing the research day and night. 史密斯教授和他的助手们正在夜以继日地进行研究。【联想拓展】or rather更确切地说 This new product, or rather, this new style of shirt, is not very attractive.这项新产品，确切地说是这种新款式的衬衫，并不是非常吸引人的。other than除了之外She has no close friends other than him.她除了他以外没有好朋友。would rather do.than do = prefer to do.r

42、ather than do.宁愿而不愿；宁愿；更喜欢 He would rather go walking than watch TV at home.他宁愿出去散步也不愿待在家里看电视。【即学即练】选词填空（rather than/other than/or rather）I met him very late on Friday night, _, early on Saturday morning. Does anybody _ yourself know this?I decided to send an e-mail _ telephone. 答案:or rather other t

43、han rather than 18.I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room. think highly of = have a good opinion of看重；高度评价They think highly of your work abilities. 他们对你的工作能力评价很高。短语归纳What do you think of sb./ sth.?你认为某人/物怎么样？think much/well of对评价良好 think nothing of对无所谓；不把当回事think badly/poorly o

44、f对评价不高 think of sb./ sth. as把某人/物当作19.Nor do I think they should give it to any government.我也认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府。 该句中由于否定词nor位于句首，所以使用了部分倒装语序。英语中含有否定意义的副词及短语放在句首时，句中需用部分倒装语序。这类副词及短语有：never，seldom，neither，nor，little，not，hardly，scarcely，at no time，in no way等。Never before have I seen such a film.以前我从来没有看过这

45、样的影片。Seldom does she go out alone.她很少一个人出门。Not a word did he say at the meeting.他在会上一句话也没说。In no way can we give in to the difficulties.我们决不能向困难低头。 拓展：“nor/neither系(助)动词主语”，表示前句中的否定情况，也适用于另一人或物。仿写：她解不出这个问题，我也不能。She couldnt work out the problem, _.答案：nor/neither could I20.So I think that those who fi

46、nd the Amber Room should decide what to do with it. do with1)I didnt know what to do with the old tree.处理，处置2)We have nothing else to eat, you have to do with some bread.以将就（一下）3)I cannot do with loud noise. 忍受(与cannot连用) do with & deal with do with 常与连接代词 what 连用，而 deal with 常与连接副词 how 连用，如： I dont

47、 know how to deal with the problem . (= I dont know what to do with the problem . )我不知道如何处理这个问题。 Unit21.What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for? stand for (指缩写或符号)代表；象征；倡导，支持，主张， 写出下列stand for的意思。(1)Pine trees stand for courage and strength._代表，象征_(2)We stand for fair competition in the

48、 Olympic Games._倡导，支持，拥护联想拓展stand by 袖手旁观；无动于衷stand by sb. 支持sb；站在sb一边stand out 显眼；突出stand up 站起；站立；起立stand aside 1.站到一边； 2.不参与，不介入，置身事外The American flag _ (代表)freedom and justice.His red hair made him _(引人注目) in the crowd.How can you _(袖手旁观) and see him accused of something he didnt do?She _(站到一边）t

49、o let us pass.2. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games more than 2,000 years ago. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过年前奥林匹克运动会的情况。 what 引起宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语，“Ancient Greece”作宾补。what相当于the place that，因此what不能改为that，也不能改为where，因为where 只能作状语。 After many daysvoyage, they

50、 arrived in what is called America now. After a long journey, they came to what was called “Gebi Desert”.3.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.admit(1)许可(人或物)进入;让进入 Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school every year.(2) 容纳The th

51、eatre admits only 200 persons.(3) 承认；供认 I admit my mistake. He admitted having done wrong.常用句型：be admitted as. 被接受为 be admitted to / into被准许进入admit sth / doing sth 承认某事/做过某事admit that 承认It is / was admitted that普遍认为有时其后接带不定式的复合宾语，但其中的不定式通常应是 to be。如：You must admit the task to be difficult. 你们得承认任务是艰

52、巨的。经典例句(1)He a member of the basketball team.他被接受成为篮球队的一名队员。(2)Only 200 children the school every year. 那时每年只有200名儿童获准入学。【答案】(1)was admitted as(2)were admitted to / into即时训练He the car without insurance. 他供认驾驶了这辆没有保险的车。Luckily, he a key university last year.幸运的是,去年他被一所名牌大学录取了。【答案】admitted drivingwas

53、admitted to / into 4.Its in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.正是在夏季奥运会上才有赛跑、游泳、帆船和所有的团队体 育项目。 此句为一个It is.that.强调句型。强调句型的结构为 .5. No other country could join in, nor could slaves or women.其他国家都不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不行。 句子结构为:nor / neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。此句型是一个倒装句,意为“也不”,用于否定陈述句之后,说明后者的情况与前者相同。If you wont go, neither / nor will I. 如果你不去,我