20141014同课异构（被动语态1

1、被动语态被动语态专项专项Mr. Young UNIT 9 Passive Voice英语中有几种语态你知道吗？英语中有几种语态你知道吗？两种两种是哪两种？是哪两种？主动语态和被动语态主动语态和被动语态英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 例例如：如：Many people speak English. He opened the door.他开了门他开了门 We can repair this watch in two days.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者

2、。 例如：例如：English is spoken by many people. The door was opened.门被开了。门被开了。 This watch can be repaired by us in two days.被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由被动语态。被动语态由助动词助动词be+be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词构成，时态通构成，时态通过过bebe表现，有人称和数

3、的变化。表现，有人称和数的变化。My father plants this tree.(active)主主谓谓宾宾(承受者承受者)This tree is planted by my father (passive).主动语态改为被动语态1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +done改为被动语态pThey play football on Sunday.pLucy does the

4、homework in the evening.pThey often use computers in class.pWe make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made by us in Beijing.My father planted this tree .(active)主谓宾(受

5、动者)This tree was plantedby my father .2.My brother broke the window.The window was broken (by my brother) .一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were +donepThey built the tall building last year.pHe took good care of his little brother yesterday.pWe cleaned our classroom just now.pThey used this room for resting.The ta

6、ll building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.3 . Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(承受者承受者)The roomwill be cleaned byTom tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in

7、ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.S+ will+be+done一般将来时一般将来时pWe will have a sports meeting next week.We will have a sports meeting next week.pChildren will take some photos in the Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.schoolyard tomorrow.pThe headmaster will

8、give a talk this afternoon.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by

9、Amy.S+ 情态动词情态动词 + be+done情态动词：情态动词：1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by

10、 them.一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：含有情态动词：含有情态动词： S+ am/is /are + doneS+情态动词情态动词+be+done S+ will + be + done S+ was/were + done各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成语态转换语态转换1.He teaches English in our school.English is taught in our school by him.口诀口诀1 1 宾变主，主变宾加宾变主，主变宾加byby，谓语加，谓语加be be donedone看时态，数看时态，数格牢

11、记随被变。格牢记随被变。 2.She gave me a book.I was given a book by her./A book was given to me by her.口诀口诀2 2 如遇双宾语，最好变间宾如遇双宾语，最好变间宾; ;如若变直宾，如若变直宾，to/forto/for间间宾连宾连.(.(借给递拿教送看借给递拿教送看toto，饭买画唱带做为，饭买画唱带做为forfor) )3.He made me do the work.I was made to do the work by him.口诀口诀3：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中离

12、开，被动句中to回回 来来.（一感二听三让四看一感二听三让四看）4.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。隔开来。只有及物动词有被动语态只有及物动词有被动语态,不及物动词不及物动词 没有被动语态没有被动语态, eg：happen, take place, appear, die, succeed, come true, escape（逃跑）（逃跑）, belong, last某些感官动词和表示状态或特征的某些感官动词和表示状态或特征的及物动词也没有被动语态及物动词也没有被动语态,如如 sound, smell, taste, feel, look, become, cost, fit, have.注注 意意pOn 22 August 2004, The Scream, a famous painting by an artist called Edverd stole/was stolen from the museum in Norway.The painting pulled/was pul