上海高考英语语法复习10定语从句

1、 定语从句（形容词性从句）在句中做_成分，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即_。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 定语定语 先行词先行词 关系代词：主语宾语定语指人指物who/that(whom/who/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whose/of which关系副词：where, when, why 准关系代词：as, but, thanI wont forget the place where I was born.I wont forget Shanghai, where I was born.The Gre

2、at Wall, which was built in ancient times, is one of the wonders in the world.1）限制性定语从句是先行词_去掉的部分，去掉它主句意思往往_明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的_，去掉了也_影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用_分开。2）当先行词是_或_的事物和人时，用非限制性定语从句。3）关系代词that, than, but；关系副词why，只用于_定语从句。不可不补充说明 不会 专有名词 世上独一无二限制性 逗号1that, which 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 They like the trees _they

3、planted. Is there anything _ I can do for you? This is the coolest cell phone _I have ever seen. This is the very laptop _ I am dying for. They talked of things and persons _they remembered. Who is the man _is talking to John? The flat in _ she lives is a large one.(which/ that)(that)(that)(that)(th

4、at)thatwhich1）先行词是不定代词，或被不定代词修饰时。如：_2）先行词被序数词，如：_，或形容词高级修饰时。3）先行词被_修饰时。4）先行词既指_又指_时。5）为了避免重复，主句中已有疑问词_时。6）当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作_时。 翻译：中国已经不是以前的中国了。_something, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, any, all, the one etc. first, last, next the only, the very 人人 物物 which / who 表语表语 China is

5、 not the country that it used to be. 在_定语从句中。 当关系代词前有_时。非限制性非限制性介词介词 The man _ told me the news refused to give me his name. The man _ you were talking about has come to inspect our school.= The man about _ you were talking has come to inspect our school. God helps those _ help themselves.who/that (

6、whom / who /that) whom who who 在从句中通常作_，也可作_； whom 在从句中作_。 当先行词为 those / one / he时，指人通常用_。主语主语宾语宾语宾语或介词宾语宾语或介词宾语who_ sides The path _ the sides the sides _are covered with trees extends to the forest.whose of which of which 1）在限制性定语从句中充当_的关系代词可以省略。2）当关系代词充当介词宾语时，若该介词位于从句中相应动词_，则可以省略；若该介词位于关系代词_，则不可以

7、省略。e.g. The flat _ she lives in is a large one. The flat in _ she lives is a large one.3）way后面引导定语从句的_可以省略。（注意：连词在从句中充当方式状语）e.g. Thats the way _ he answered the question. 动词宾语 之后 之前 (that/ which) which that / in which (in which / that) Dictation Check 动词练习&一模卷 Check关系代词练习 Learn关系副词 I shall never

8、 forget the day _ my daughter was born. The company _ I work is not far from here. They were in a difficult situation _ all efforts were in vain. (白费) We dont know the reason _ the doctor didnt come.when / on which where / in which where / in which why / for which when指代时间，在从句中作_；where在从句中作_，也可表示场合，

9、情况或方面的名词，如：_； why引导的定语从句常修饰reason，作_。关系副词在从句中作状语，可转换成_形式。但在非限制性定语从句中，“_”结构不能代替关系副词。e.g. They set up a state for their own, _ they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.时间状语 地点状语 case, condition, situation, point, position 原因状语 介词+which 介词+which where This is the mountain village _ I stayed last ye

10、ar. This is the mountain village _ I visited last year. Ill never forget the days _ I worked together with you. I will never forget the days _ I spent in the countryside.用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于_ where (which / that) when (which / that) 定语从句中所缺的成分定语从句中所缺的成分 Is this school _ you visited the

11、 other day？ Is this school _ you visited your uncle the other day？ Is this the school _ you visited the other day？ Is this the school _ you visited your uncle the other day？ the one (that) where (that / which) where 判断介词是否用对的一个有效方法是：定语从句中_是否通顺，如果通顺则说明介词选对了。 The girl _ whom you work is his girl frien

12、d. The goals _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. Shes married to a physician _ whom you may have heard. He has given me some reference books _ which I am not familiar.谓语动词 介词 先行词 with for of with 如：with ones helpwith whose help， in ones honorin whose honor， in this

13、casein which caseWe extended our warm welcome to the visiting delegation _ honor a grand banquet was given.He may be late, _ case we ought to wait for him.Helen always lends her warm hand to me, _ help I can successfully pass all the examinations.in whose in which with whose 有些“动词介词”构成的短语动词被看成是不可分割的

14、整体，介词_（能/不能）移到关系代词前。如：_ 翻译：护士们正在照看的婴儿非常健康。_ look after, look for, put off, give up, take care of, pay attention to, call on, put up with 不能The babies (whom/who) the nurses are looking after are very healthy. 名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句 She has written a book, the name of _ has been forgotten.

15、There are fifty students in our class, all of _ are working hard. There are five continents in the world, the largest of _ is Asia. which whom which 1引导限制性定语从句：asas; suchas; soas; the sameas*区别1：（填写连词）Ive never seen such a clever boy _ he is.Ive never seen such a clever boy _ I wont forget him.Here

16、is so big a stone _ no man can lift it.Here is so big a stone _ no man can lift.*区别2：（填写连词）This is the same bag _ I lost yesterday. 和一样This is the same bag _ I lost yesterday. 同一个包 as thatthatas as that Richard passed all his examinations, _ pleased his parents. _ is expected, the result is satisfac

17、tory.= The result, _ is expected, is satisfactory.= The result is satisfactory, _ is expected. Tom spent four years in college, during _ time he learned French. She was late, _ is often the case. It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park. The bridge is wonderful, _ is shown in

18、the picture. which As as as which as as which 1）位置不同： which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句_， as 引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句_，_或_。2）which 表示“_”，and this / and that; 而 as 表示“_”。as在非限制定语从句中不能指_先行词。*as的一些固定搭配： 之后 之前 之后 之中 这件事，这一点 正如，就像 单个的 as we (all) know; as is known to all; as is often the case; as is said/ mentioned above;

19、 as often happens 1but在定语从句中通常作主语。相当于whonot, whichnot, thatnot。 There is no rule but has exceptions. =_ There is no one but knows about this affair. =_2than作关系代词引导定语从句，充当主语或宾语。than前面需要有比较级。 Dont give him more money _ is necessary. To save money, he has to do more work _ is good for his health.There

20、is no rule that has no exceptions. There is no one who doesnt know about this affair. than than 1. He is one of my friends who _ working hard. (be) He is the only one of my friends who _ working hard. (be)2. The football team, which _ well, will come out first. (play) The football team, who _ having

21、 a rest, will give an interview to the reporters. (be) are is plays are 1. Jim is the new comer _ I believe has great potential. (who/ whom)2. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science.A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is who A这是我度过童年的地方。(spend) This is the place where / in which I spent my childhood.我不喜欢你那