不定式属于非限定动词它除了不能作谓语外

1、Module 4Sandstorms in AsiaGrammarInfinitive 不定式属于非限定动词。它除了不能作谓语外，在句中可以充当任何成分，可以作主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。 不定式的时态有：一般式、进行式、完成式、和完成进行式。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式就要用被动形式。 不定式一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语所不定式一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语所表示的动作或状态同时（或几乎同时）发表示的动作或状态同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后发生。生，或在它之后发生。主动：主动：to do 1. Im glad to meet you.2. She invited

2、 me to attend the meeting.3. The boy is old enough to go to school.被动：被动：to be done1. There was nothing to be done.2. Id like to be told whats going on.3. Nothing is allowed to be taken out of the reading room. 不定式进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语不定式进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。动词表示的动作同时发生。主动：主动：to be doing1. To be cyc

3、ling in a sandstorm is frightening.2. They pretended to be working hard when their boss passed them. 不定式完成式所表示的动作在谓语动作所不定式完成式所表示的动作在谓语动作所表示的动作之前发生。表示的动作之前发生。主动：主动：to have done1. Im the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm. 2. He is not likely to have got my letter.被动：被动：to have been

4、done1. To have been caught in a sandstorm is a terrible experience.2. The room was said to have been cleaned. 注意：注意：在英语学习中常会遇到一些不带在英语学习中常会遇到一些不带to的不的不定式。常见的关于不带定式。常见的关于不带to的不定式的用法如的不定式的用法如下：下：1. Cannot but, cannot choose but 与与 cannot help but 之后的不定式一般都不带之后的不定式一般都不带to，常，常翻译为翻译为“不得不不得不”。I cant but ad

5、mire her courage.我不能不钦佩她的勇气。我不能不钦佩她的勇气。He cant choose but do it. 她只好做这事了。她只好做这事了。I cant help but love her. 我不禁爱上她。我不禁爱上她。2. 在连词在连词but之前如有动词之前如有动词do，其后的不定式，其后的不定式不用不用to，即：，即：do nothing but + 动词原形，动词原形，译为译为“只只”；但如果连词；但如果连词but之前的动之前的动词不是词不是do，其后的不定式一般要带，其后的不定式一般要带to。He does nothing but complain.她什么都不做，

6、只是抱怨。她什么都不做，只是抱怨。The workers do nothing but drink tea and talk to each other.工人们什么都不做，只是喝茶聊天。工人们什么都不做，只是喝茶聊天。He had no choice but to accept the fact.她别无选择，只有接受事实。她别无选择，只有接受事实。1. Im travelling during a sandstorm. Its dangerous.2. Experts hope that they will learn more about the movement of thundersto

7、rms. Rewrite the sentences using infinitive structuresIt is dangerous to be traveling during a sandstorm.Experts hope to learn more about the movement of thunderstorms.3. We were told, “Dont leave the house.”4. The men need to complete the work on the house by the end of the week.5. It seems that mo

8、st houses have been destroyed by the storm.We were told not to leave the house.The work on the house needs to be completed (the work) by the end of the week.Most houses seem to have been destroyed by the storm.Checking your answers of exercise 3.1. It is frightening to be working in the road in a sa

9、ndstorm. I hope I reach home soon.2. Experts hope to learn more about the movement of sandstorms.3. Id like to be told about the situation before now.4. The work needs to be completed by the end of the week.5. My father was out of the city when the sandstorm came. He was very glad to have missed it.

10、6. The building has to be finished by the end of the year.7. To see a real sandstorm was very frightening.Finish the following exercises.1. I was watching an interesting TV program about how to make dinners last night when electricity was out, and I couldnt _ to the bed. A. but goingB. help but to g

11、o C. help goingD. choose but go2. _ in a heavy rain, Robert fell ill and couldnt but _ for a leave. A. Caught, to askB. Catching, ask C. Catching, to askD. Caught, askDD3. He does nothing but _(talk).4. The man could do nothing but _ (wait).5. We have no choice but _ (wait).6. They want nothing but _ (succeed).7. How did you spend your weekend, Joe? I didnt find anything interesting for me _ some washing instead of my mothe