定语从句 (5)

1、学会定语从句的关键主语 宾语 定语 状语主语一句话中，行为的主导着，即该句话中，动作一句话中，行为的主导着，即该句话中，动作的执行者。常放于句首。的执行者。常放于句首。宾语定语 状语主语行为的对象，即动作的承受者，常由名词主语行为的对象，即动作的承受者，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。这里指该句话中，动作所发生的时间或地点，这里指该句话中，动作所发生的时间或地点，即时间状语或地点状语即时间状语或地

2、点状语The teacher with glasses taught English in that school last term.主语定语宾语地点状语时间状语1.The man is a worker.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子: : The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.引入概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子. Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hai

3、r.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词that, who, whom, whose, which Where, when, why定语从句的结构关系词的关系词的 作用作用：指代先行词，又在从句中充当相应的句子成分。 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法

4、: :当先行词是物时当先行词是物时, , 用用that或或which引导引导. .These are the trees that/which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时, , 用用who/that引导引导.The man who/that I visitsd yesterday is my uncle. 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法: :当先行词是地点时当先行词是地点时, , 用用where引导引导. .当先行词是时间时当先行词是时间时, , 用用when引导引导. .This is the school where I used to stu

5、dy. Winter is the time of year when the days are short and nights are long. 注意：先行词虽然是地点或时间，但是当地先行词虽然是地点或时间，但是当地点或时间在从句中充当主语，宾语或点或时间在从句中充当主语，宾语或定语时，仍然用定语时，仍然用that/which.This is the room that/which I lived in .September 18th is the day that/which all the Chinese never forget.宾语宾语who, whom, whose, that

6、用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解 作宾语作宾语 常可以省略常可以省略

7、whose 作定语从句主语的作定语从句主语的定语定语. 即：先行词与定语从句的主语即：先行词与定语从句的主语存在存在从属关系从属关系 I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意: : 关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略. .The woman (that/whom) they wanted to visit is a teacher.分解分解The w

8、oman is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman下列情况只能用下列情况只能用that1.1.当当先行词先行词被被序数词或形容词最高级修饰序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。时。 eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2. 当先行词是指物的不定代词时。如：当先行词是指物的不定代词时。如：all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one, everything,little,few,much,any 。 eg. Here is something ( t

9、hat) I will tell you.3先行词被先行词被the only，the very， the last等修饰时。等修饰时。下列情况只能用下列情况只能用thateg. This is the only novel that you want to borrow 4先行词是或被先行词是或被all，no，some，any，little，much等修饰时。等修饰时。 eg. Ive written down all the things that the teacher doesnt allow us to do 5先行词是人和物的名词时先行词是人和物的名词时,用用that, 既不既不用用

10、which,也不用也不用who。 eg.He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never heard下列情况只能用下列情况只能用that6.主句的主语是疑问词主句的主语是疑问词who /which时时 ,为为了避免重复。了避免重复。eg.Who is the girl that is crying？ eg.Which is the bike that you lost?下列情况只能用下列情况只能用which1. 1. 介词前置时，不用介词前置时，不用thatthat。即介词提在定。即介词提在定语从句前。语从句前。2

11、. 2. 非限制性定语从句不用非限制性定语从句不用thatthateg.This is the room in which he lives. eg. The necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.3.3.先行词为先行词为thatthat时时, ,避免重复，用避免重复，用which.which.eg. Whats that which is under the desk? who 与与 whom (先行词指人)1. 在定语从句中作宾语，两者可互换，且可省略。The teacher (who/whom) Li M

12、ing is talking to is Toms father.2. 在定语从句中作主语时，只用who.3. 在定语从句中作宾语，但是介词提在从句前时，只用whom.Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.Please tell me from whom you borrowed the book.定语从句巧记法定语从句记结构，先行关系从在后。关系词，在中央，指代先行成分当。充当主宾或定状，关系代副看情况。先行词语若指物，that/which要记住。先行指人不指物，使用that或用who。若有介词从句前，which whom在中间。先行与

13、主表从属，whose一词要记住。地点时间从作状，where when来充当。从句作主或宾语，that which要选取。使用that比较多， 不妨对你说一说。不定代词或被限，使用that来判断。who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5

14、. The boy with _ John talked is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is

15、 the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐. I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师. The woman who lives next door is a teacher.( )1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.

16、 A. that B. who C. whom D. this( )2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. /( )3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. that B. whose C. whichD. as定语从句练习定语从句练习( )4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. which C. where D

17、. whom( )5. Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. where D. /( )6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. whichB. that C. /D. it定语从句练习定语从句练习( )7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. whichB. in whi

18、ch C. thatD. all( )8. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one whoD. The students who( )9. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. whichB. whom C. whose D. this定语从句练习定语从句练习( )10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. whoB. whom C. wh

19、ich D. /( )11. This is the only article of these that _ written by him. A. wasB. were C. isD. are( )12. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whomB. who C. /D. he定语从句练习定语从句练习( )13. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next doorB. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that live

20、s next door( )14. Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands. A. which B. whom C. thatD. who( )15. The farm _ we stayed last week is a lovely place for a holiday. A. when B. where C. that D. at that定语从句练习定语从句练习( )16. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. whatB. which C. a

21、s D. ./ ( )17. This is the school _ Mr. Smith once taught. A. in thatB. when C. whereD. there( )18. Have you visited the house _ the famous scientist was born? A. whereB. in that C. that D. which定语从句练习定语从句练习( )19. The factory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. whenB. where C. thatD. whic

22、h( )20. Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. thatB. when C. what D. on that( )21. October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget. A. when B. that C. whereD. in which定语从句练习定语从句练习( )22. October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. whichB. when C. whereD. in which( )23. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. where C. in whichD. what( )24. Is this museum _ they visited last month? A.