备战2013年高考英语定语从句

1、多年从事中学英语教学与 研究，辅导过沈阳7中，省实验，东北育才,120中学等学校学生多名，提分效果明显。主编教材：快乐寒假（北京教育出版社） 高中英语阅读（外语教学与研究出版社） 高中英语语法（外语教学与研究出版社） 英语口语（宇航出版社）等吴老师备战吴老师备战20132013届高考英语一轮复习届高考英语一轮复习吴老师编著著作备战备战20132013年辽宁高考英语年辽宁高考英语定语从句（定语从句（2012-2008辽宁省高考题）辽宁省高考题）2009（定语从句）（定语从句）23.Theyve won their last three matches,_I find a bit surprisi

2、ng.lA.that B. when 1. C. what D. which英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式1限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别（1）形式上不同）形式上不同非限制性定语从句在书写时往往用逗号和主句分开非限制性定语从句在书写时往往用逗号和主句分开,而限制性定语从句不用逗号与主句分开。而限制性定语从句不用逗号与主句分开。Last night I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March.The man whom I met in the street

3、was a driver.（2）可否省略的不同）可否省略的不同限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义主句的意思就不完整或失去意义,而非限制性定而非限制性定语从句是对先行词作的附加说明语从句是对先行词作的附加说明,即使去掉即使去掉,主句的意思仍然完整。主句的意思仍然完整。I was the only person in my office who was invited.They set up a state of their own, where they would be free to kee

4、p Negroes as slaves.（3）关系代词的不同）关系代词的不同非限制性定语从句不能用非限制性定语从句不能用that代替代替who,whom和和which,并且关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时也不能并且关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时也不能省略省略,但在限制性定语从句中却恰恰相反。但在限制性定语从句中却恰恰相反。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.She sang a new song, which we liked very much.（4）翻译方式不同）翻译方式不同限制性定语从句往往译在先行词之前限制性定语从句往

5、往译在先行词之前,而非限制性定语从句往往译为一个并列的句子。而非限制性定语从句往往译为一个并列的句子。She is the nurse who looks after the children.This note was left by Xiao Wu, who was here a moment ago.比较比较:He has a brother, who lives in Beijing. (有一个哥哥。有一个哥哥。) He has a brother who lives in Beijing. (可能有几个哥哥可能有几个哥哥,其中一个是住在北京的。其中一个是住在北京的。) 英语定语从句的

6、命题设计常见模式英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式2 as与与which在非限制性定语从句中的用法区别在非限制性定语从句中的用法区别as和和which作为关系代词都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句作为关系代词都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句所表达的指代整个主句所表达的内容内容,在从句中作主语或宾语在从句中作主语或宾语,但它们在用法上有区别。但它们在用法上有区别。（1）相同之处）相同之处当从句位于主句之后当从句位于主句之后,引导词指代整个主句所表达的全部意义时引导词指代整个主句所表达的全部意义时,as和和which可以互换可以互换The elephant is like a snake, a

7、s/which everybody can see.He is an Englishman, as/which I know from his accent.（2）不同之处）不同之处as引导非限制性定语从句时引导非限制性定语从句时,位置比较灵活位置比较灵活,可位于主句之前可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之中或之也可位于主句之中或之后后,而而which引导非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后引导非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后,不能谓语主句之前。不能谓语主句之前。Robert is good at languages, as we all know. As is known to all, China

8、will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time. He changed his mind, which made me very angry.As is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.Air, as we know, is a gas.英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式2012高考回顾高考回顾(2012安徽安徽) 29. lot of language lea

9、rning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. as B. it C. which D. this注意：注意：as引导非限制性定语从句常有引导非限制性定语从句常有“如同如同那样那样”的含义的含义,因此在一些固定结构如因此在一些固定结构如as we know/as is known to all(众所众所周知周知),as we all can see(正如我们大家都能看到的那

10、样正如我们大家都能看到的那样),as has been said before/above(正如前文所述正如前文所述),as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那样正如所指出的那样),as might be imagined(可可以想象得到以想象得到),as might be expected(正如所预料的那样正如所预料的那样),as is often the case(情况常常是这样情况常常是这样)等中等中,一般不能用一般不能用which代代替替as。搭配上搭配上,在由在由the same或或such所修饰的名词后通常用所修饰的名词后通常用as作关作关系代词引出限制性定语

11、从句。系代词引出限制性定语从句。英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式I have got into the same trouble as he (has).我遇到了与他一样的麻烦。我遇到了与他一样的麻烦。Ive never heard of such a moving story as he is telling.我从未听过像他讲得那么我从未听过像他讲得那么有趣的故事。有趣的故事。which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句,可以用可以用and this代替代替,意思是意思是“这件这件事事”；as引导的从句主要起连接上下文的作用引导的

12、从句主要起连接上下文的作用,表达说话人的观点、看法表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出并指出主句内容的根据或出处等。例如：主句内容的根据或出处等。例如：He sold his bicycle, which surprised me. (=He sold his bicycle, and this surprised me.)William became the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, which made her mother very proud.当当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主

13、句时在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时,不可用不可用as代替代替which。The apple tree, which I planted last year, has not borne any fruit.The book, which I bought yesterday, is very instructive.在从句中作主语时在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词既可作系动词be的主语的主语,也可作实义动词的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而而as只可只可作系动词作系动词be的主语。的主语。He married her, which was natural. He saw the g

14、irl, which delighted him. He was late for class again, which made the teacher very angry. as引导的从句在意义上不可与主语相悖引导的从句在意义上不可与主语相悖,而而which引导的从句则不受此限制。例如引导的从句则不受此限制。例如：Mummy treats me like a baby, which I cant bear.The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadnt expected.The weather turned out t

15、o be very good, which was more than we could expect.英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句与同位语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句都可由同位语从句和定语从句都可由that,when,where等与主句连接起来等与主句连接起来,其结构都是其结构都是“名词名词+从句从句”。辨别这种结构是同位语从句还是定语从句有两种方法。辨别这种结构是同位语从句还是定语从句有两种方法。1、关联词是否担任一个成分、关联词是否担任一个成分如果如果that在其引导的从句中承担一个成分在其引导的从句中承担一个成分(如主

16、语、宾语或表语如主语、宾语或表语),则该从句是定语从句；否则是则该从句是定语从句；否则是同位语从句。同位语从句。The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. This is the fact that you must know clearly. 2、是否具有疑问意义、是否具有疑问意义当当when,where等引导定语从句时等引导定语从句时,其意义与先行词有关其意义与先行词有关,与先行词的意义基本相同与先行词的意义基本相同,没有疑问意义没有疑问意义；但它们引导同位语从句时；但它们引导同位语从句时,其意义与被同位的词毫无关

17、系其意义与被同位的词毫无关系,其义完全与疑问词相同其义完全与疑问词相同,即即when表表“什么时候什么时候”,where表表“哪儿哪儿”。它们引导两种从句时。它们引导两种从句时,都在从句中作状语。都在从句中作状语。I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace? This is the house where I lived two

18、years ago.I have no idea when she will be back.They arose the question where we were to get the machines needed.英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式英语定语从句的命题设计常见模式 更多模式请关注吴老师课堂！更多模式请关注吴老师课堂！定语从句（定语从句（20122012全国高考题全国高考题1 1）(2012山东山东) 23. Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series. A. them