分子生物学01绪论ppt课件

1、 General Introduction History of Molecular Biology Contents of Molecular Biology Prospects of Molecular Biology General Introduction History of Molecular Biology Contents of Molecular Biology Prospects of Molecular Biology1. General IntroductionIf you get the gene, you will get the protein.If you wa

2、nt a protein, get its gene!1. General Introduction1. General Introduction1. General Introduction1. General Introduction General Introduction History of Molecular Biology Contents of Molecular Biology Prospects of Molecular Biology2. History of Molecular Biology2. History of Molecular Biology2. Histo

3、ry of Molecular BiologyJ.D. Watson and F.H.C. Crick (1953)Discovery of DNA StructureJ.D. Watson and F.H.C. Crick (1953)A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid.Nature 171:737“We wish to suggest a structure for the salt of deoxyribose nucleic acid (D.N.A.). This structure has novel features which are

4、 of considerable biological interest. Discovery of DNA StructureOne of the most important biological discovery in the 20th century Discovery of DNA StructureRosalind E. Franklin19201958The structure of DNA was determined using X-ray diffraction techniques. Much of the original X-ray diffraction data

5、 was generated by Rosalind E. Franklin. J. Watson & F. Crick: DNA structure Max Perutz & John Kendrew: Protein sequence Frederick Sanger: Insulin sequence Frederick Sanger: DNA sequencing Cesar Milstein & Georges Kohler: Monoclonal Ab Discovery of DNA Structure Laboratory of Molecular Biology，(LMB)

6、(Cavendish Laboratory )1955- 12 scientists received Noble Prize2. History of Molecular Biology2. History of Molecular Biology2. History of Molecular Biologyor is part of the detection methods General Introduction History of Molecular Biology Contents of Molecular Biology Prospects of Molecular Biolo

7、gy3. Contents of Molecular Biology3. Contents of Molecular Biology3. Contents of Molecular BiologyRecombinant DNA Technology3. Contents of Molecular BiologyRecombinant DNA Technology3. Contents of Molecular BiologyRegulation of gene expression3. Contents of Molecular Biology3. Contents of Molecular

8、Biology3. Contents of Molecular Biology3. Contents of Molecular Biology3. Contents of Molecular Biology3. Contents of Molecular Biology3. Contents of Molecular BiologyProteomicsp人类基因组方案人类基因组方案( HGP) 全部基因测定的完成全部基因测定的完成, 标志着分子生物学已跨入后基因时代。标志着分子生物学已跨入后基因时代。p由于基因组学不能阐明蛋白质表达的程度与由于基因组学不能阐明蛋白质表达的程度与时间、翻译后修饰

9、、蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用时间、翻译后修饰、蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用等众多问题等众多问题, 人们于是提出了蛋白质组学概念人们于是提出了蛋白质组学概念, 并以此来讨论细胞的构造与功能以及生命活动并以此来讨论细胞的构造与功能以及生命活动的本质和规律。的本质和规律。3. Contents of Molecular BiologyProteomicsp2019 年年Wasinger VC 等人提出了蛋白质组学等人提出了蛋白质组学(proteomics )的科学概念的科学概念, 其主要义务是研讨蛋其主要义务是研讨蛋白质的构造与功能。蛋白质是生命活动的最终表白质的构造与功能。蛋白质是生命活动的最终表达者。达者

10、。p蛋白质组学蛋白质组学 Proteomics 是从整体的角度是从整体的角度出发来研讨细胞内蛋白质的组成及其活动规律的出发来研讨细胞内蛋白质的组成及其活动规律的一门科学。一门科学。3. Contents of Molecular Biology蛋白质组学不同于传统蛋白质学科之处蛋白质组学不同于传统蛋白质学科之处:研讨的目的是阐明生物体全部蛋白质的表达方式研讨的目的是阐明生物体全部蛋白质的表达方式与功能方式与功能方式研讨的内容非常广泛研讨的内容非常广泛,涵盖了某个机体或某个细胞涵盖了某个机体或某个细胞全部的蛋白质的构造和功能全部的蛋白质的构造和功能, 包括鉴定蛋白质的表包括鉴定蛋白质的表达、存在

11、方式达、存在方式(化学修饰化学修饰)、构造与功能的相互依赖、构造与功能的相互依赖关系关系, 从某个生物体或某个细胞全部蛋白质从某个生物体或某个细胞全部蛋白质(现知现知单个细胞可包容单个细胞可包容2 万种蛋白质万种蛋白质)整体活动角度提示整体活动角度提示与阐明生命活动的根本规律与阐明生命活动的根本规律3. Contents of Molecular BiologyProteomics蛋白质组学可分为三种类型蛋白质组学可分为三种类型: 蛋白表达蛋白质组学蛋白表达蛋白质组学(protein expression proteomics )构造蛋白质组学构造蛋白质组学(structural proteo

12、mics )功能蛋白质组学功能蛋白质组学(functional proteomics )3. Contents of Molecular BiologyProteomics3. Contents of Molecular BiologyProteomics3. Contents of Molecular BiologyProteomics3. Contents of Molecular BiologyProteomics General Introduction History of Molecular Biology Contents of Molecular Biology Prospects of Molecular Biology4. Prospects of Molecular Biology4. Prospects of Molecular Biology4. P