药理学英文试题含答案

1、1山东大学医学院 （ 2005 2006 学年第二学期）2003 级 医学七年制药理学期末考试试题（A 卷）二、选择题： （ A 型每题0.5 分， X 型每题 1分,共 50分）Type A choice questions (only one answer is correct)1. Which of the following is classified as belong to the G proteincoupling receptors? A. GABAA receptor B. badrenergicreceptorC. insulin receptorD. nicotinic

2、II receptorE. hydrocortisone receptor2. Which of the following is unlikely to be associated with oral drug administration of anentericcoated dosage form?A. irritation to the gastric mucosa withnausea and vomitingB. destruction of the drug by gastric acid or digestive enzymesC. unpleasant taste of th

3、e drugD. formation of nonabsorbable drugfood complexesE. variability in absorption caused by fluctuations in gastric emptying time3. Which of the following compounds will be absorbed to the least extent in the stomach?A. ampicillin (pKa=2.5) B. aspirin (pKa=3.0) C. warfarin (pKa=5.0)D. Phenobarbital

4、 (pKa=7.4) E. propranolol (pKa=9.4)4. Which of the following terms is mostlikely to be associated with “ a rapid reduction in theeffect of a given dose of a drug after only one or two doses ”?A. supersensitivityB. tachyphylaxisC. toleranceD. hyposensitivityE. anaphylaxis5. A weak acidic drug with 4.

5、4 of pKa, if the stomach juice pH is 1.4, plasma pH is 7.4, whenthe distribution balance is reached, the drug concentration ratio between plasma and stomachjuice is A. 100B. 0.001C. 1000D. 10000E. 0.016. In this graph ， drugs A， B and C are analogs， thenA. A has a greater potency than B B. A has a g

6、reater efficacy than C C. B has less potency than CD. A has a greater potency than CE. B has a greater efficacy than C7. Aspirin is a weak acid with 3.5 of pKa, what percentage of lipidsolubleform will be in thestomach juice with 2.5 of pH? A. 0.99%B. 9% C. 9.09% D. 90.9% E. 99.9%8. The contractile

7、effect of various doses of norepinephrine (NE) ( X) alone on vascular smoothmuscle is represented in the figure below.When combined with an antagonist ( IC or INC), ashift in the doseresponsecurve occurs. The curve labeled X+INC would mostly likely occurwhen vascular smooth muscle is treated with NE

8、 in the presenA. terazosinA. aadrenergicB. phentolamineagonistC. labetalolB. aadrenergicD. phenoxybenzamineantagonistE. prazosinC. badrenergicBagonistAD. badrenergicCantagonist效 应E. mixed a and b antagonist13. A male patient is brought to theLog 剂量emergency department following ingestion4of an unkno

9、wn9. The reversible cholinesterase inhibitorsubstance. He is found to have an elevatedindicated in the treatment of Alzheimertemperature,s hot and flushed skin, dilateddisease ispupils,A. tacrineand tachycardia. Of the following, whichB. edrophoniumwould most likely cause these findings?C. neostigmi

10、ne5D. pyridostigmineA. propranololE. ambenoniumB. tolazoline10. A predictably dangerous side effect ofC. prazosinnadolol that constitutes a contraindicationD. donepezilto itsE. atropineclinical use in susceptible patients is the14. A 65yearoldinduction ofmale has a blood pressure of 170/105mmHg.A. h

11、ypertensionWhich of the following wouldB. cardiac arrhythmiabe effective in lowering this patient s bloodC. asthmatic attackspressure?D. respiratory depressionA. terbutalineE. hypersensitivityB. dobutamine11. Epinephrine may be mixed with certainC. pancuroniumanesthetics, such as procaine, in order

12、toD. prazosinA. stimulate local wound repairE. scopolamineB. promote hemostasis15. Which of the following can be used inC. enhance their interaction with neuralshock for increasing cardiac output andmembranes and their ability to depressrenal bloodnerveflow?conductionA. norepinephrineD. retard their

13、 systemic absorptionB. epinephrineE. facilitate their distribution along nervesC. dopamine12. A 58yearoldD. phenylephrinemale with angina is treated with atenolol.E. methoxamineSelect the mechanism of action of16. All of the following statements areatenololrelated with succinylcholine EXCEPTA. have

14、muscle fasciculation before muscleB. They produce physical dependence.relaxationC. They show strong interaction withB. have no ganglionic blocking actions atcertain foods.therapeutic doseD. They can produce postural hypotension.C. can be antagonized by neostigmineE. They decrease availability of epi

15、nephrineD. elevate blood potassium concentrationin the synaptic cleftE. assistant agents of anesthetics21. The antipsychotic drugs:17. The agent which is effective forA. are equally effective against the positiveprostatic hyperplasia but has no effect onand negative symptoms of schizophreniablood pr

16、essure isB. can cause blurred vision, urinaryA. terazosinretention and other signs of muscarinicB. tamsulosinblockadeC. phenoxybenzamineC. bind selectively to D2dopaminergicD. regitinereceptors.E. prazosinD. have antiparkinsonism effects similar to18. Which of the following statements islevodopa.cor

17、rect?E. have a rapid onset of antipsychoticA. Diazepam induce the drug metabolizingaction.enzymes.22. All of the following are observed inB. All benzodiazepines show antiepilepticpatients taking neuroleptic agentsactions.EXCEPT:C. All benzodiazepines have sedativeA. sexual dysfunction.effects.B. bro

18、nchial asthmaD. Benzodiazepines readily produce generalC. altered endocrine function.anesthesia.D. constipation.E. Benzodiazepines directly open chlorideE. orthostatic hypotensionchannels.23. Which of the following statements about19. Which of the following statements ismorphine is INCORRECT?correct

19、?A. It is used therapeutically to relieve painA. Chlorpromazine is indicated in treatingcaused by severe head injury.the nausea of levodopa treatment.B. Its withdrawal symptoms can be relievedB. Vitamin B6 increases the effectiveness ofby methadone.levodopa.C. It causes constipation.6D. It is most e

20、ffective by parenteralC. Administration of dopamine is anadministration.effective treatment of Parkinson s disease.E. It rapidly enters many body tissues,D. Levodopainducedincluding the fetus of a pregnant woman.nausea is reduced by carbidopa.24. Which of the following statementsE. Nonspecific MAOin

21、hibitorsconcerning phenytoin is INCORRECT?are a useful adjunct to levodopa therapy.A. causes less sedation than phenobarbital.20. Which of the following is common to theB. causes gingival hyperplasia.tricyclic antidepressants and MAOC. may cause megaloblastic anemiainhibitors?D. is excreted unchange

22、d in the urine.A. They can produce sedation.E. The plasma halflifeincreases as the dose is increased.25. Which of the following drugs is contraindicated in the patients withepilepsy?A. PhenobarbitalB. imipramineC. digoxinD. chlorpromazineE. aspirin26. The agent which is effective for various epileps

23、y is7A. diazepamB. sodium phenytoinC. sodium valproateD. PhenobarbitalE. ethosuximide27. All of the following produce a significant decrease in peripheral resistanceEXCEPT:A. chronic administration of diuretics B. hydralazineC. ACE inhibitorsD. RblockersE. calcium channel blockers28. Which of the fo

24、llowing hypertensive patients is most suitble for primary therapy withhydrochlorothiazide? A. patients with goutB. patients with hyperlipidemiaC. young hypertensive patients with rapid resting heart rateD. patients with impaired renal function E. elderly patients29. Regarding antihypertensive drugs,

25、 which of the following statements isWRONG ？A. Hydrochlorothiazide can increase activity of renninB. Propranolol can decrease secretion of renninC. Sodium nitroprusside lowers BP rapidlyby releasing NO.D. Clonidine stimulates 2receptor and imidazoline receptorE. Diuretics decreased BP mainly by incr

26、easing water and sodium excretion from thekidneys.30. Which of the following drugs occurs orthostatic hypotension most frequently in first use:A. clonidine B. nifedipine C. propranololD. enalaprilE. prazosin31. The reason that digoxin can reduce the ventricular rate of atrial fibrillation patient is

27、:A. decreasing automaticity of ventricles B. decreasing automaticity of atriaC. reducing the conduction of AV nodeD. improving cardiac ischemiaE. shortening the effective refractory period of atria32. All of the following measures can be used in the treatment of digoxininduced arrhythmiaEXCEPTA. sto

28、pping digoxin administration8B. diuretic agents such as furosemide are used to promote the excretion of digoxin C. phenytoin administrationD. atropine administration E. lidocaine administration33. Which of the following effects of digoxin can NOT be seen in failure heart?A. slowing sinus rhythmB. in

29、creasing the oxygen consumption ofmyocardiaC. increasing the cardiac outputD. increasing the cardiac contractility E. shortening atrial ERP34. A 70 year oldfemale is treated with sublingual nitroglycerin for her occasional bouts of angina. Which of the following is involved in the action of nitrogly

30、cerin?A. adrenergic activityB. phosphodiesterase activityC. phosphorylation of light chains of myosinD. norepinephrine releaseE. cGMP increased35. The therapeutic effect of adrenergic receptor blockers such as propranolol in anginapectoris is believed to be primarily the result ofA. reduced producti

31、on of catecholamines B. dilation of the coronary vasculature C. decreased requirement for myocardial oxygenD. increased peripheral resistanceE. increased sensitivity to catecholamines 36. A 69yearoldmale with angina develops severe constipation following treatment withA. nitroglycerinB. gemfibrozil(

32、 吉非贝齐 )C. propranololD. captoprilE. verapamil37. Which of the following drugs has relatively few electrophysiologic effects on normalmyocardial tissue but suppresses the arrhythmogenic tendencies of ischemic myocardialtissue?A. Verapamil B. LidocaineC. QuinidineD. PropranololE. Procainamide 38. The

33、firstlinedrug for treating acute attack of reentrant supraventricular tachycardia is A. adenosine9B. lidocaineC. quinidineD. digoxinE. procainamide39. Which of the following drugs is NOT suitable to treat the patient with angina pectorisaccompanied with asthma? A. nifedipineB. isosorbide dinitrateC.

34、 nitroglycerinD. verapamilE. propranolol40. Which of the following drugs decreases de novo cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibiting theenzyme HMG CoA reductase? A. nicotinic acidB. gemfibrozilC. lovastatinD. cholestyramine( 考来烯胺 )E. probucol41.Which of the following drugs can be used for Diabetics（ ty

35、pe） with renal insufficiencyA. gliclazideB. tolbutamideC. glibornurideD. gliquidoneE. glipizide42. The contraindication of GlucocorticoidsisA. septicemia B. iritisC. dermatomyositisD. epidemic parotitis( 流行性腮腺炎 )E. peptic ulcer43. Antiasthmatic that could inhibit leukotrienes release and increase ce

36、rebral blood flow isA. zileutonB. pemirolastC. ibudilastD. zafirlukastE. montelukast44. Which of the following statements about acetazolamide is WRONG ？A. diuretic actionB. depresss the intracranial pressureC. acidify blood10D. alkalized urineE. hyperkalemia45. Which of the following drugs could pro

37、mote macrophage production and enhance thenonspecific immunologic function A. erythropoietinB. thrombopoietinC. MCSF D. MultiCSFE. GCSF46. Which of the following can be used formegaloblastic anemiaA. folic acidB. folic acid +VitB12C. folic acid +VitB6D. folic acid +VitB12 +VitB6E. folic acid +VitB12

38、+VitB6+VitC47. A ll of the following are true about hydrochlorothiazide EXCEPTA. It can be used to treat hypercalcinuria B. It can lead to hypoglycemiaC. It can increase the secretion of K + then cause hypokalemiaD. It can decrease blood pressure mildly E. It can decrease the urinary output of diabe

39、tes insipidus patients48. Which of the statements about thiourea is WRONG?A. They inhibit synthesis of thyroxine B. They have immunosuppressive effect C. Propylthiouracil stimulates T4 transform to T3D. They can cause thyroid enlargement when long term usedE. They can excrete from milk and pass thro

40、ugh placenta barrier49. The antibiotics which are potent against the pseudomonas aeruginosa areA. carbenicillin, polymyxin, gentamycin and tobramycineB. kanamycin, tobramycine, polymyxin and erythromycinC. amikacin, gentamycin, polymyxin and oxacillinD. amikacin, gentamycin, chloramphenicoland spect

41、inomycinE. carbenicillin, ampicillin, Cephalexin and polymyxin50. Which of the following compatibility administration is correct?A. streptomycin + gentamicin B. penicillin + gentamicinC. streptomycin + furosemide D. penicillin + tetracyclineE. penicillin + chloramphenicol51Clavulanic acid can inhibi

42、t which one of the following enzymes?11A Dihydrofolate synthetaseBpeptidoglycan synthetaseC lactamaseD DNA polymeraseE dihydrofolate reductase52 The agent which can relieve AIDS and AIDS correlating syndrome isA. idoxuridineB. zidovudineC. acyclovirD. ribavirinE. adenine arabinoside53 Which of the f

43、ollowing imidazoles have NO effect on fungus ?A. metronidazoleB. miconazoleC. clotrimazoleD. fluconazolE. ketoconazole54 Herxheimer reaction is caused by penicillin when it is used to treat ：A lobar pneumoniaB tetanusC viridans endocarditisD bacterial meningitisE leptospirosis55. Of the following, w

44、hich is the best agent to use in pregnant patient with urinary tractinfection (UTI ) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis?A. tetracyclineB. levofloxacinC. gentamycinD. erythromycinE. SMZTMP56. The t1/2 of which of the following tetracyclines remains unchanged when the drug isadministered to an anuric pat

45、ient A. methacyclineB. oxytetracyclineC. doxycyclineD. tetracyclineE. none of the above 57. A 45yearoldfemale being treated for a chronic UTI develops acute alcohol intolerance. Which of the following agents could have caused this intolerance?A. cefoperazone12B. amoxicillinC. SMZD. norfloxacinE. tet

46、racycline58. A patient with a pneumonia has a sputum culture that is positive for astaphylococcalstrain that is blactamase positive.Which is the best choice of penicillin therapy in thispatient?A. ampicillinB. oxacillinC. penicillin VD. penicillin GE. carbenicillin59. A 75 year oldwoman is hospitali

47、zed for pneumonia and treated with an intravenousantibiotic. On day three, she develops severe diarrhea. Stool is positive for Clostridiumdifficile toxin. What is the best treatment?A. clindamycinB. cefaclorC. metronidazoleD. erythromycinE. doxycycline60. The mechanism of action of chloramphenicol a

48、s an antibiotic is that it A. binds to the 30s ribosome subunitB. binds to the 50s ribosome subunitC. prevents cell membrane developmentD. inhibits cell wallsynthesisE. inhibits RNA polymeraseType X choice questions (one or more answers are correct)1. If the plasma concentration of a drugdeclines wi

49、th“orderfirstkinetics” , it means thatA. There is only one metabolic path for drug dispositionB. The half lifeis the same regardless of plasma concentrationC. The drug is largely metabolized in the liver after oral administration and has low bioavailabilityD. The rate of elimination is proportional

50、to the plasma concentrationE. the metabolic ability has reached saturation.2. Of the following, which will be blockedby atropine and scopolamine?A. bradycardiaB. salivary secretionC. bronchoconstriction13D. skeletal muscle contractionE. miosis3. The agents which can be used to treat glaucoma haveA.

51、timolol B. pindololC. physostigmine D. acetazolamideE. pilocarpine4. A 34yearoldwoman with schizophrenia has been treated for several years with variousdrugs. She is now being treated with fluphenazine and complains of amenorrhea( 闭经 ) andgalactorrhea（溢乳）. Which of the following drugs would be appro

52、priate to switch her medication toA. haloperidolB. risperidone ( 利培酮 )C. olanzapine ( 奥氮平 )D. clozapineE. thioridazine5. Which of the following drugs may cause dependence?A. methadone B. naloxone C. ibuprofen D. buspirone E. diazepam6. Which of the following drugs can be used in treatment of depress

53、ive disorder?A. imipramine B. fluoxetine C. perphenazineD. selegilineE. paroxetine7. The agents which are effective in thetreatment of Parkinson s edisareasA. pirenzepineB. amantadineC. anisodamineD. levodopaE. scopolamine8. Which of the following statements about the treatment of chronic heart failure are right?A. Patients with evidence of fluid retention should receive a diuretic.B. Treatment with an ACE inhibitor and a Rblocker should be initiated and maintained unless specifically