初中英语介词专项0001

1、介词二、常1、in介词的作用之内above, around, at, behind, between, by,1）表表地点、位置、方向的介词down, from, in, up, in front of, into, onto,点，表near, off, out, over, through, under,点。介词towards,in表时间的介词by, in, on ,over, withwith其他介词like, with, without, from, next, tomomdad.一.概念：介词用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分，介词

2、短语=介词+介词宾语(名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当)2)表示时间，表示在某一个时间段内3)表示颜色和语言也用介词in。The weather is cold in winter.用 在.示地 小大地 She' sChina her andDo you know the girl in red2、from从中来1) come from2) download from3) be different from3. with和，用，与1) with sb和人在一起2) with sth.表示用某种工具4. at在1)表地点，主小地点。2)表时间，主指时间的一个点。3) be good at 擅

3、长于5. behind在后面6. next to 紧挨着7. in front of 在 前面8. for 为了,因为。ooo9. on在上，在时1)表示时间，表示具体的一大2) 表示地点10. to自，向1) talk to与谈论2) go to 去3) welcome to 欢迎到4) listen to 听5) connectto 和.连接一起三、.常用的介词的区别：I can write this article in English.I come from China and I' m Chinese.I download music from the Internet.Li

4、ly ' s habits are different from Linda' s.I' m in Class One with Daming and Lingling.I write with my pen, and I see with my eyes.My father is a teacher at Beijing International School.I get up at half past seven in the morning.I am good at reading and writing.The classrooms are behind th

5、e offices.The library is next to the classrooms.They are in front of Tony and Daming.Thank you for your email.Would you like to go to a football match on Sunday on the farm on the playgroundWe have a break and I talk to my friends.He likes films and he often goes to the cinema.Welcome to Beijing Zoo

6、.They always listen to music.Please connect the monitor to the computer first.in, to, on在方位名词前的区别1. in表示A地在B地范围之内，2. to表示A地在B地范围之外(有距离)3. on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻， .at, in, on, by在表示时间上的区别如 Taiwan is in the southeast of China., 如：Japan lies to the east of China.如： North Korea is on the east of China.1. at指时间表

7、示：（ 1）时间的点、时刻等。They came home at noon （ at sunrise, at midnight, at ten o clock, at daybreak） .（ 2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。He went home at New Year （ at Christmas, at the Spring Festiva） l .2. in 指时间表示：（ 1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等）内。in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in th

8、e evening（2）在一段时间之后。一般用于将来时，谓语动词为非延续性动词，意为“在以后”。 He will arrive in two hours.（3）谓语动词为延续性动词时，in意为“在以内”。These products will be made in a month.3. on 指时间表示：（ 1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、节日、星期几等,On Christmas Day there will be a party.（ 2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。He arrived at 8o clock on the night of Friday.（ 3）准时，按时。If

9、the train can be on time, I should get home before dark.4. by指时间表示：（ 1）不迟于，在（某时）前。如： He will come by six o clock.（2）在问，在的时候。如：He worked by day and studied by night. .near, by, beside, at表示“在附近”时的区别1. near表示相对的近，实际距离可能还很远。Suzhou is near Shanghai.2. by和beside者B表示靠近，实际距离不很远，但beside比by更具体地表示出“在旁边”的意思。He

10、 was sitting beside her. He is walking by the river.3. at也有“在旁边”的意思，但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置，而by和beside仅表示位置关系。如： The students are sitting at the table listening to the teacher.Several students are sitting by / beside the door talking about a music. . at, in 和 on 表示地点时的区别1. at表示地点：（1）用于指较小的地方。arrive at,接小地方

11、I will wait for you at the station.（ 2）用于门牌号码前。 Helives at 11 Zhongshan Road.2. in 表示地点：arrive in 接较大地方He lives in Shanghai.3. on表示地点，一般指与面或线接触，意为“在上；在旁” 。The picture was hanging on the wall. .besides, except, but表示“除外”之间的区别1. besides示“除了以外，还有”,具有附加性质。如：Besides xiaoming , we also went to see the fil

12、m.注意：besides用于否定句中时，与except, but同义，可互换。如：We have no other books besides / except these.2. except表示"除外”，具有排它性质。如：We all went to see the film except xiaoming.（王先生没去）3. but意为“除了"，与except同义，except强调被排除的部分，but则强调整句的内容，常修饰否定意义的代词。Nobody knew it but me. .above, over, on, up表示“在上”之间的区另U1. above指&q

13、uot;上方”，表示相对高度，不一定在正上方，其反义词为belowWe re flying above the clouds.2. over指"在正上方”，表示垂直上方，其反义词为 under。The bridge is over the river.3. on表示“在上面”，与物体表面接触，与beneath相对。There is a map on the wall.4. up表示动作的方向往上，反义词为 down。如：Please stand up with, from, for, at 表示原因的区别1. with 表示原因，指由于外界而影响到内部，意为“因为；由于”。The l

14、ittle girl was shivering with cold.2. from 表示动机、疲劳、痛苦等原因。3. for 常表示为了某一目的、事业的原因。She did it from a sense of duty.I do apologize for keeping you waiting.4. at表示原因，指“听到；看到；想到”等。 At the news they felt very glad. for 和 of 的用法区别试比较：It's impossible for me to watch TV after eleven o'clock. It's

15、kind of you to help me.两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定，一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪明与否，细心与粗心等；for 之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必然性，难易程度等。by， with ， in 的用法区别by 表示"以 .的方式，方法，手段" 和"乘某种交通工具"； with 指 "借助于具体的手段或工具"；in 表示"以 方式，用语言，文字等媒介"。I solved the problem by this way. I cut th

16、e apple with a knife. He speaks with us in English. after 和 in 的用法区别这两个介词都可以表示时间"在以后"的意思。其区别是：after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。I went home after 10 o'clock yesterday. The train will arrive in ten minutes.小试牛刀：一：用 by, beside, near, beyond 填空1. The littl

17、e girl is sitting her mother.2. There is a white car our school.3. Many shops are our home.4. our city there is a river.二：1. The post office is the police station and the library.A. between B. among C. in2. I can t finish my work your help.A. with B. without C. in3. Thank you me to have dinner.A. fo

18、r invite B. of invite C. for inviting4. Why are you standing, Alice-I can t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting me.A. behind B. next to C. in front of5. If you do things , usually you can hem well. t do tA. in a hurry B. from now on C. just now6. What a nice day! We should go sight

19、seeing watching TV in the hotel.A. because of B. instead of C. together with7. Your coat looks very nice. What s it made - Cotton, and it is made Wuhan.A. from, in B. of, in C. from, on8. -When and where you born-I was born October 1 st, 1998 Suzhou.A. on, on B. in, in C. on, in9. There will be many

20、 robots people s homeasrs_._ ten yeA. in, / B. in, in C. in, after10. All the workers went home yesterday Mr White. Why-Because he was on duty.A. except B. besides C. except for11. It s very kind them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me hom. eA. for B. to C. of12. A UFO landed _ the Ce

21、nter Street.A. at B. on C. in13. the Spring Festival, the heavy snow stopped many people from back home.A. During, going B. In, go C. On, goes24. Think it over you write the answer.A. before B. after C. on答案：一： 1. by, 2. beside, 3. near, 4. beyond二： 2. B 3. C 4. C 5A 6. B 7B 8 C 9 C 10A11 C 12 B 13.

22、 A 14. A勤加磨练：1 .Theteacherisnotonlystricthispupilsbutalsostricthisownwork.A.with,with,inC.in,withD.with,in2 .Myfatherbegantoworkabusdriverwhenhewastwentyyearsold.？3 .Idon'tthinkXiaoLiistheotherstudentsmathematics.A.after,onB.after,withC.behind,inD.behind,at4 .Nobodyknowsitme.A.exceptforB.exceptt

23、hatC.besidesD.but5 .Thewindowisneveropenedinsummer.A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.butfor6 .Wegotoschoolabike.？7.It'sverykindyoutorepairthebikeme.8.Freshairisgoodyourhealth.？boyiswaitinghissisterandtheywillgotothehospitaltowaittheirsickmother.PLAmansavedtheboydeath.A.of？11 .Hewillcomethreedays.C.inD.l

24、ater12HewenttoBeijingandreturnedthreedays.A.inB.beforeC.laterD.after13 .Hewillreturnthreeo'clock.？14 Hewrotethearticlethreedays.？15 Iagreewhatyousaid.？16 .Doyouagreethisplan(arrangement)？17 .Finallytheyagreedthetermsofthecontract.？18 .DoyouoftenhearyourbrotherA.ofB.fromC.outofD.aboutheardthebook

25、longago,butIhaveneverreadi？t.A.out？20 .Theplaneflewthecity.A.acrossC.through？21 .WewalkedtheTianAnMenSquaretotheMuseumofChineseHistory.A.acrossB.through？waswanderingthestreetswhenIcaughtsightofatailor'sshop.A.acrossB.through？22 .OurbusdrovetheGreatHallofthePeople.A.acrossB.throughC.pas？t24 .thes

26、un,nothingwouldgrow. ForC.UnderD.Without25 .Theteacherisbusyteaching.？26 .Theteacherisbusycorrectingpapers.A.for？27 .WeleftXi'anaveryhotsummerafternoon.A.onC.during？28 .Histeacherwasangryhimhisbeinglate.,with,for,for,about29 .Myfatherwasdisappointedthenews.A.byB.aboutC.atD.o30 .MrWangwenttoNanji

27、ngOctober,1998andcamebackhomethemorningofNov.5.;in;at;on;from31 .Myunclelives105HuangheStreet.Hisroomisthefifthfloor.;on;at;in;to1.1 Idon'tthinkyoucanworkoutthemathsproblemtheteacher'shelp.A.sinceB.unlessC.becauseD.without33 .-Doyougotherebus-No,wegothereatrain.A.in;on;on;in;with34 .Thetrees

28、frontofthehousearethechargeofOldLi.A.in;inB.at;inC.in;byD.from;in35 .Theoldmandied cold acoldnight.A.from;at;in;onD.for;during36 .DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguages French hA.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside37.-Howlonghasthebookshopbeeninbusiness-1982. A.After ?38.Didyouhaveanytrouble thepostofficdA.t

29、ohavefoundB.withfindingC.tofindD.infinding tellyouthetruth,Ihavenothingtodo it.? 40.Taiwanis theeastofFujian.A.in ?41HisfatherwillbebackfromLondon afewdays.?42.Theword"write"hasthesamepronunciation theword"right”关系代词A.of ?43.Thetrainleaves 6:00p.m.SoIhavetobeatthestation 5:40p.m.atthe

30、latest.A.at;until(延续)B.for;after;by (瞬间)D.before;around44. We will be in Nanjing Tuesday Thursday.A. on/ throughB. on/toC. from/toD. on./till45. There are many beautiful birds the tree.A. onB. atC. inD. besides1-5DDCDB-6-10BCBAB-11-15CDABC-16-20DABCD-21-25ABCDA-26-30BADCC 31-35ADCCA 36-40CCDDD 41-45

31、BBCBBC (应至U 43 答案有误)初中英语常用介词短语1)at once立刻21)by air mail寄航空邮件2)at last最后22)by bike/air/train/bus3)at first起先，首先骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽布4)at the age o f在岁时23)by ordinary mail寄平信5)at the end of 在之末24)by the way顺便说6)at the beginning of 在 之初25)by the window在窗边7)at the foot of 在脚下26)by the end of 到 底为止8)at the same

32、 time同时27)little by little逐渐地9)at night/noon在夜里/中午28)in all总共10)with one's help29)in fact事实上在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助30)in one's twenties在某人一十几岁时11)with the help of 在的帮助下31)in a hurry匆忙12)with a smile面带笑容32)in the middle of在 中间13)with one's own eyes亲眼看见33)in no time (in a minute)立刻，很快14)after a wh

33、ile过了一会儿34)in time (on time)及时15)from now on从现在起35)in public公众，公开地16)from then on从那时起36)in order to为了17)far example例如37)in front of在 前回18)far away from远离38)in the sun在阳光下19)from morning till night从早到晚39)in the end最后，终于20)by and by不久40)in surprise惊奇地41)in turn依次49)on the other hand 另一方面42)of course当然

34、50)at/on the weekend在周末43)a bit (of)有一点儿51)on the left (right)在左（右）边44)a lot of许多52)on the other side of在另一边45)a little一点儿53）on the radio通过收音机（无线电广播）46)on one's way to 某人在去的路上54)to one's joy使高兴的是47）on foot步行，走路55)to one's surprise使惊讶的是48）a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语1）.介词与动词搭配

35、arrive in/at到达wait for等候，等待ask for要，请求turn on/off打开（关上do well in在方面做得好listen to听give in投降look after照顾，照看go on继续look for寻找look like看上去像hear from收到来信get to到达hear of听说fill with充满，装满help's sth.帮助做begin with以开始laugh at嘲笑meet with偶尔遇见，遭遇learn from向学习pass on传递talk to与 谈话belong totake down拿下，取了write to写

36、信给look at（后总识地）看call on号召，访问，邀请speak to对某人smile at向微笑take away拿走，带走look out向四卜看，到处看think of考虑，关心2）.介词与名词搭配in time及时at the meeting在会上in life一生中on one' s way to在的路上on time准时，按时in the sun在阳光下in front of在 前回in a tree在树上on foot步行in surprise惊奇地by bus乘公共汽车at once立刻，马上at home在家at the foot of在脚下in Englis

37、h用英语at all压根儿in the middle在中间at dinner在吃正餐at night在晚上at the table在桌子旁at noon在中午at work在工作with a smile带着微笑at school在学校of course当然（可以）in a hurry匆忙，急忙at the back of在 后面in a minute一会at the beginning of在 开始by the way顺便说说/问问at the end of在结尾at first首先，起初at the same time同时，然而at last最后，终于by train乘火车day by da

38、y日复一日in line成一直线one by one一个好个in a short while不久in a word总而百之，一句话in all总共，总计in fact事实上in town在城里in the street在街上on the left/ right在左/右边in the end最后，终于on the one handon the other han方面in no time立刻，很快一方面in order按顺序，整齐，正常on top of在顶上in order to为了，以便in public当众，公开地in the day在白天out of work失业3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配be made of由制成be angry at sth.为某事生气be tired of讨厌/厌倦be proud of以为自豪/骄傲be sure of 确信take part in 参力口take c