Unit2重点句型

1、1.Beijing is the capital of China. the capital of:.的首都。2.Here we will eat lots of delicious food such as kebab. such as:例如. 类似：for example 区别：for example一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中、句末；such as常列举同类人或物中的几个例子,不能穷尽,可和and so on连用,可分开使用suchas；like表示列举,可和such as互换.例如：1Noise,for example,is a kind

2、of pollution举例说明,噪音就是一种污染.2China has many big cities,such as Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and so onChina has many such big cities as Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and so on中国有许多大城市,比如北京、上海、深圳等等.3.This is the place to go if you want to visit some shops. this is a place to go:这是一个可以去的地方。 4.Shenzhen lies by t

3、he sea and it is famous for its beautiful beach. lie:vi. 躺；说谎；位于；展现 vt. 谎骗 n. 谎言；位置 by the sea:在海边 be famous for:因.而闻名 类似：be famous as，be famous to 区别1.be famous for因而著名 Beijing is famous for many places of interest.北京以许多名胜古迹而著称。 2.be famous as 作为是出名的 He is famous as a writer.作为一个作家他是有名气的。 3.be famo

4、us to 后一般跟 人，表“对.是熟悉的”，“为.所熟知的 Yao Ming is famous to most young people.5.You can try playing it on the classroom. try doing something.:尽力去做，尝试去做某事。 类似：try to do sth. 区别：Try doing sth. 尝试做某事(只试试看.) Try to do sth 努力做某事(下了点决心要把做好了) You must try to be more careful. 要多加小心 。 I tried gardening but didnt su

5、cceed. 我试着种木花卉未成功。6.Why not go to watch film together? why not do sth.:为什么不呢？1.表示同意或赞成，意为:好的;可以呀;为什么不可以呢。如:A:May I go with you? 我可以和你一起去吗?B:Why not? 可以呀。2.表示劝诱、建议或命令，意为:怎么样;为什么不呢。如:Why not ask someone else? 问问别人怎么样?Why not go there at once? 为什么不马上去呢?3. 用来询问原因(有时表示一种不可理解的心情)，意为:为什么;为什么不呢。如:A:He isnt

6、going to see her off at the station. 他不准备去车站送她。B:Why not? 为什么?4.表示坚持自己的观点、态度或做法，意为:为什么不呢。如:A:Are you really going to sue them? 你真的要控告他们吗?B:Yes, why not? 是的，为什么不呢?二、why not后动词用何形式why not后习惯上只接动词原形，不能接带to不定式或现在分词。如:何不静观其结果呢?误:Why not just to wait and see what happens?正:Why not just wait and see what h

7、appens?注:在一定的语境中，有时why not后可省略动词原形。如:A:Lets meet at the station. 我们在车站见面吧。B:Why not at the hotel? 在饭店不行吗?句中的why not后可视为省略了动词wait。三、why not的结构形式why not后习惯上只接动词原形，不能接句子，也不能用“why didnt+动词原形”“why dont+动词原形”这样的不伦不类的句子。如:为什么不等到冬季大贱卖时再买一件新外衣呢?误:Why dont wait till the winter sales to buy a new coat?正:Why no

8、t wait till the winter sales to buy a new coat?四、why not的隐含时态按英语习惯，why not结构只用于提出建议，不用于表示责备，即只用于指将来的情况，而不用于指过去情况。如:我那时是能借钱给你的。你为什么没有向我借?误:I could have lent you the money. Why not ask me?正:I could have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me?五、用于某些特殊表达中如用于I dont see why not，其意为“没问题”“好呀”。如:-Can we go

9、 to the park? 我们去公园吧。-I dont see why not.7.Tom is one of the tallest boys in our class. one of:其中一个 one of 后接可数名词复数， 表示什么中的一个，动词用单数第三人称。 One of the apples has gone bad.但是要注意下面的定语从句:He is one of the boys who enjoy playing basketball.定语从句修饰the boys。He is the only one of the boys who enjoys playing bas

10、ketball.one前面有定冠词the的时候，定语从句是修饰one的，所以动词要用单三形式。8.She is not only beautiful,but also gentle. not only .but also.:不仅.而且. 一、主要用法 1连接主语 Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television. 不仅我而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。 2连接谓语动词 The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also shar

11、e a large number of social customs.英国人和美国人不但语言相同而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。 注意not onlybut also连接的动词一般不重复这与汉语不同。如汉语说“我不仅懂英语而且懂俄语”英语则说“I know not only English but also Russian”而不说“I not only know English but also know Russian”.再如“气体不仅改变形状而且改变体积”英译为“A gas changes not only in shape but also in volume.”注意介词常重复 3连接宾语 T

12、he problem for the recipient was trying to guess not only who the sender was, but also what his secret feelings might be.收信人不仅要尽力猜出是谁的还要推测寄信人内心有什么想法。 4连接宾语补足语 Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴也会使人更加活泼。 5连接表语 Shakespeare was not only a writer but (a

13、lso) an actor 莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家而且是一位演员。 6连接状语 If your friend reminds you kindly of your faults, take what he says not merely pleasantly but thank fully. 如果低你的朋友善意地指明出你的缺点,你不但要欣然接受而且要心怀感激之情。 7.连接从句 He didnt let us off the hook until we had proved not only that we knew what an organism was but also that we

14、 had the fortitude to stand up for the truth. 直到我们证明了我们不仅知道什么是生物体而且具有坚持真理的不屈不挠精神时他这才放过我们。 8连接定语 Man has become master not only of the sky but also of the space. 人类不但征服了天空而且征服了太空。 9连接句子 I not only heard it, but (also) I saw it. 我不仅听到、而且看到了它. Not onlybut also连接句子时, not only 可以置于句首表示强调,这时第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如

15、 Not only has he a first-class brain but also he is a tremendously hard worker. 他不仅有着头等聪明的脑子而且工作很能吃苦。 Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had been sent to prison as well. 这个可怜的人不仅被逮捕而且被投进监狱。 Not only do the professors have their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs too.对这

16、件事不仅教授们有自己的看法学生们也有自己的想法。 10用于 it isthat 强调结构 It is not only the scientist and the physician who need a long special training now, but the computer expert, the accountant, and the business manager. 现在不仅科学家和医生需要长期的专门训练计算机专家、会计师和企业经理也需要这种训练。 It is not only what we do, but also what we do not do, for wh

17、ich we are accountable. 我们不但要对我们所做的事负责而且要对我们没有去做的事负责。 二、not onlybut的省略及其变体 1Not onlybut also中的also可以省略。有人认为该句型所连接的第二部分最高级形容词或它所表示的范围、程度、影响等超过第一部分时常将also省略。例如 He was not only a successful writer but (also) the greatest poet of his time. 他不仅是一位成功的作家而且是他那个时代最伟大的诗人。 He is famous not only in China but (a

18、lso) in the whole world. 他不仅闻名中国而且闻名全球。 Not only do they suffer less pain than most women in labor, but the town boasts an unusually low rate of infant mortality. 这不仅使她们比大多数产妇受痛苦而且使城市婴儿死亡率大大降低。 2.not onlybut also句型一般只省略also,但在连接句子时有时也可见到省略but甚至but also的情形。例如 Not only was I tired, I was also cold.我不光

19、困倦还感到很冷(省去了but) George not only made an important friend, he also learned about the frontier. (省去了but) Not only bas she been an excellent wife, she has been a better husband than Ill never be. 她不仅是一个极其出色的妻子而且是一个我永远也做不到的好丈夫。(省去了but also) Not only were there no traces of drinking water in the room, th

20、ere was not sufficient water found in the dead stars stomach to have comfortably taken the tablets with. 不仅房内没有饮用水的痕迹在这位已故影星的胃里也没发现有把这些药丸舒适地送下去的水。(省去了but also) 3. not onlybutalso的形式比较固定但也会出现but与also被分隔开来的情形。例如Not only the mother but the children are also sick. Not only is his right lung affected but

21、 his left lung is also. 他不但右肺被感染而且左肺也被感染了。 4.not only A but also B的替代式常见的还有not only A but Bas well, not only A but B too, not merely A but also B, not just A but also B, notalonebut 等。例如 Not only my mother was unhappy, but Mary, too. 不但我妈妈不高兴玛丽也不高兴。 Not just the people of our nation, but all the peo

22、ple of the world have profited from his work. 不仅我们国家的人民而且全世界所有的人民都从他的研究工作中得到了好处。 Not poets alone, nor artists, nor that superior order of mind which arrogates to itself all refinement, feel this, but dogs and all men. 不仅诗人艺术家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人觉得如此连狗和普通人也有同感。 二、注意事项 1”not only A but also B”结构中的A和B通常是同等成

23、分。由于同一成分常常由同一词类的词来担任所以A与B常常也是同一词性这从本文第一部分的例句中即可看到。但是也有A与B属于不同词性的情形。如”He is not only very clever, but also a very hard worker, and he likes to do everything well.他不但聪明而且能下功夫。他喜欢把每一件事都做得很好。(其中A是形容词B是名词但两者均在句中作表语因此仍是正确句子)然而在“He not only plays the piano, but also the violin.”一句中(A是动词B是名词不是同一成分,因此语法学家认为此句有点欠妥,至少在书面语中就是如此。如改为“He plays not only the piano, but also the violin”就无懈可击了)再看下面二例 The surprise grant not only enabled Dad to finish A&T, but to graduate first in his class.这笔意外的奖学金不仅使我父亲能读完农业和技术学院而且毕业成绩名列榜首。 2有人认为not onlybut also不能用于否定句。汉语中用于否定句中的“不但而且”