机电专业英语试题及答案

1、机电专业英语考试题一翻译词汇mechatronic 机电一体化（技术）sensor传感器actuator执行元件，执行结构Feedback 馈deviation 偏差hydraulic液压的machine tool 机床geometric modeling 几何建模job-lot amount 单批量maintenance® 护pallet随行夹具robot 机器人drill 钻床，钻头Lathe车床 mill 铣床shaper牛头刨床planer龙 门刨床grinder 磨床tap 攻丝pulley 滑轮shaft 轴bore 镗削screw螺杆tolerance 公差torque

2、转矩nut 螺母spring 弹簧key键bearing 轴承coupling联结器clutch 离合器diode二极管transistor 三极管transistors 晶体管integrated circuit 集成电路chip 芯片capacitor 电容器resistor 电阻digital 数字（式）的lever杠杆Servomechanism司®机构closed-loop 闭环actuator 传动装置following device 随动装置troubleshoot故障排除二汉译英1. 机电一体化技术，电子学，机械学，智能数控，机器人学，信息技术，科学术语。Mechat

3、ronics , electronics, mechanicsi,n telligent control, robotics. information technology , scientific term .2. 机电一体化技术广泛用于汽车工业、机械工业以及国防工业。Mechatronics has been applying widely to auto industry, mechanical industry and national defense industry.3. 大多数的机加工主要是由五种基本的机床来完成。More of the mechanical operations

4、 are commonly performed on five basic machine tools .4. 伺服机构是一种闭环控制系统，系统中的控制变量是机械为主和运动。A servomechanism is a closed-loop control system in which the controlled variable is mechanical position or motion .5. 可编程控制器，中央处理单元，微处理器，继电器，可编程逻辑控制器，热电偶，传Programmable controller , CPU , microprocessor , relay ,

5、Programmable LogicControllers(PLC) , thermocouple , sensor6. 在 20 世纪 60 年代的后期， 发明了第一个可编程控制器， 这是汽车工业在控制领域的第一场革命。The first programmable controller was invented , in the late 1960s ; this is the first“ revolutionary” in control field in automotive industry .三.翻译下列句子1. Although a cam and follower may be

6、 designed for motion, path, or function generation, the majority of applications utilize the cam and follower for function generation.虽然可以把凸轮和它的从动件设计为用于运动变换，路径变换或者函数变换，但大多数用途是利用凸轮和它的从动件做函数变换。2. In the case of a disk cam with a radial (in-line) translating roller follower the smallest circle that can

7、 be drawn tangent to the cam surface and concentric with the camshaft is the base cirCle. 于一个对心直动滚子从动件盘形凸轮，可画出的与凸轮表面相切且与轮轴同心的最小圆是基圆3. Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a rise-dwell-return and perhaps another dwell period of a sp

8、ecified number of degrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters or degrees.在自动化机械中的许多应用需要间歇运动。一个典型的例子将要求一个含有上升一停歇一返回和可能另一个停歇的周期，每阶段经过一个指定的角度，伴随着一个所要求的从动件的位移，这个位移以厘米或度来度量。4. Any two mating tooth profiles that satisfy the fundamental law of gearing are called con

9、jugate profiles.任何满足齿轮传动基本定律的一对相互啮合齿廓称之为共轭齿廓。5. Although there are many tooth shapes possible in which a mating tooth could be designed to satisfy the fundamental law, only two are in general use: the cycloidal and involute profiles.虽然可以设计出有很多齿廓来满足传动装置的基本定律，但通常所使用的只有两种：即摆线齿廓和渐开线齿廓。6. Typical methods

10、 of fastening and joining parts include the use of such items as bolts, nuts, cap screws, setscrews, rivets, locking devices and keys.紧固和联结零部件的典型方法包含使用这些零件： 螺栓， 螺母， 有头螺钉、 定位螺钉， 铆钉，锁紧装置和键。7. Methods of joining parts are extremely important in the engineering of a quality design, and it is necessary t

11、o have a thorough understanding of the performance of fasteners and joints under all conditions of use and design.在质量设计工程中，联结零部件的方法非常重要，因此，彻底了解紧固零件和联结零件在所有使用和设计条件下的性能是非常必要的。8. When a connection is desired which can be disassembledwithout destructing the parts assembledand which is strong enough to r

12、esist both external tensile load and shearload, or a combination of these, then the simple bolted joint using hardened washers is a good solution.当想要一个可以被拆开又不破坏被联接零件的联接时，而且这个联接又要有足够的强度以承受外拉力和剪力或这两种力的结合，使用淬火垫圈的简单螺栓联结是一个很好的方 法。9. The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design

13、a rolling bearing but, rather, how to select one.在机械设计中，专家所面临的问题，不是如何设计轴承，而是如何挑选轴承。10. The term antifriction bearing is used to describe that class of bearing in which the main load is transferred through elements in rolling contact rather than in sliding contact.减摩轴承这个词被用于描述这样一类轴承，其主要载荷是通过滚动接触而不是滑动

14、接触的元件传递的四翻译短文3. The four-bar linkage may take form of a so-called crank-rocker or a double-rocker or a double-crank (drag-link) linkage, depending on the range of motion of the two links connected to the ground link. The input crank of a crank-rocker type can rotate continuously through 360, while t

15、he output link just "rocks" (or oscillates).As a particular case,in a parallelogramlinkage, where the length of the input link equals that of the output link and the lengths of the coupler and the ground link are also the same, both the input and output link may rotate entirely around or s

16、witch into acrossed configuration called an antiparallelogram linkag1e .Grashof's criteria states that the sum of the shortest and longest links of a planar four-bar linkage cannot be greaterthan the sum of the remaining two links if there is to be continuous relative rotation between any two li

17、nk S.四杆机构 可具有一种称作曲柄摇杆机构的形式，一种双摇杆机构，一种双曲柄（拉杆）机构，致于 称作哪一种形式的机构，取决于跟机架（固定构件）相连接的两杆的运动范围。曲柄摇杆机构的输入构件， 曲柄可旋转通过360 °并连续转动， 而输出构件仅仅作摇动 （即摇摆的杆件） 。作为一个特例，在平行四杆机构中，输入杆的长度等于输出杆的长度，连接杆的长度和固定杆（机架）的长度，也是相等的。其输入和输出都可以作整周转动或者转换成称作反平行四边形机构的交叉结构。格拉肖夫准则（定理）表明：如果四杆机构中，任意两杆 之间能作连续相对转动，那么，其最长杆长度与最短杆长度之和就小于或等于其余两杆长 度

18、之和。 ）4. Besides having knowledge of the extent of the rotations of the links, it would be useful to have a measure of how well a mechanism might "run" before actually building it. Hartenberg mentions that "run" is a term that means effectiveness with which motion is imparted to t

19、he output link; it implies smooth operation, in which a maximum force component is available to produce a force or torque in an output member. Although the resulting output force or torque is not only a function of the geometry of the linkage, but is generally the result of dynamic or inertia force,

20、 which are often several times as large as the static force. For the analysis of low-speed operations or for an easily obtainable index of how any mechanism might run, the concept of the transmission angle is extremely useful. During the motion of a mechanism, the transmission angle changes in value

21、. A transmission angle of 0 degree may occur at a specific position, on which the output link will not move regardless of how large a force is applied to the input link. In fact, due to friction in the joints, the general rule of thumb, is to design mechanisms with transmission angle of larger than a specified value. Matrix-based definitions have been developed which measur