人教版高中英语选修8练习：Unit5Meetingyourancestors(含解析)

1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors话题诵读日积月累；导语 甲骨文(Oracle bone script)是中国古代的一种文字，被认为是现代汉字的早期形式，有时候也被认为是汉字的书体之一， 同时也是现存中国最古老的一种成熟文字。甲骨文引导炎黄子孙走上用图形记号表示意义而不约束其读者的文字发展历程，造就了延绵数千年的统一文化意识。Oracle Bone ScriptOracle bone script refers to the ancient Chinese characters found on animal bones or turtle shells used in

2、 divinationin Bronze Age China.The vast majority record is thedivinationby fire of the royal house of the late Shang Dynastyat the capital of Yin (modern Anyang, Henan Province).Because turtle shells as well as bones were used, the oracle bone script is also sometimes called shell and bone script.As

3、 the majority of oracle bones bearing writing date to the late Shang Dynasty, oracle bone script essentially refers to Shang script.It is certain that the writing of the Shang Dynasty experienced a period of development before the Anyang oracle bone script; however, no significant quantity of clearl

4、y identifiable writing before or during the early to middle Shang cultural period has been discovered.The oracle bone script of the late Shang appearspictographic , as does its contemporary , the Shang writing on bronzes.The earliest oracle bone script appears even more so than examples from late in

5、 the period.Comparing oracle bone script to both Shang and early Western Zhou period writing on bronzes, oracle bone script is clearly greatly simplified;this is thought to be due to the difficulty of carving on the hard and bony surfaces.The more detailed and more pictorial style of the bronze grap

6、hs is thus thought to be more representative of typical Shang writing (as would have normally occurred on bamboobooks) than the oracle bone script forms, and it is this typical style which continued to evolve into the Zhou period writing and then into the seal script of the Qin state in the late Zho

7、u period.词海拾贝1. divination n.占卜2. pictographic adj.象形文字的3. pictorial adj.图片的，图画似的4. evolve vt.使发展，使逐渐形成vi .进展，发展，演化问题思考根据文章内容判断正(T)误(F)。1 . The oracle bone script we say today mainly refers to Shang script.( )2 . Typical Shang writing is more detailed and more pictorial.( )答案：1.T 2.T自主预习步步提高一同工识记I.为

8、单词选择正确的释义1. starvation2. centimetre3. primitive4. analysis5. category6. systematic7. academy8. receptionist9. kindergarten10. radioactive11. punctuation答案：1F 2-GA.放射性的，辐射能的B.接待员；招待员C.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的D.标点符号E.幼儿园F.挨饿，饿死G.厘米H.分析I .原始的；远古的；简陋的J.学院；院校；学会；学术团体K.种类；类别；范畴3-1 4-H 5-K 6-C 7-J 8-B 9E 10 A 11-Dn

9、.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1. adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的2. n.野兽3. n.植物学4. vt. & vi.使 成熟；成熟5. n.意义；意思；重要性；重要意义6. adv.以 方式；不知怎么地7. vt.吐出（唾液、食物等）8. vt.删；删除9. n.痕迹；搔；挠vt.搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏10. n.皱纹11. n.铁锤；锤子12. adj.快乐的；欢快的13. adj.有技巧的；熟练的答 案 ： 1.acute 2.beast 3.botany 4.ripen 5.significance 6.somehow 7.spit 8.delete 9.scratch 10.w

10、rinkle 11.hammer 12.gay 13.skilful/skillfulm.根据英语释义写出单词1. . : the branch of anthropology that studies prehistoric people and their cultures2. : in spite of everything; disregarding drawbacks3. : uncertain; hesitant4. : the choice between two mutually exclusive possibilities5. : to take for granted;

11、accept without proof;suppose6. : to break the continuity or uniformityof sth7. : large in degree , kind , or quantity8. : to make or become sharp or sharper9. : dirty , confused , or untidy10. : the quality of being correct or true11. : to show your approval of sb/sth by clapping your hands12. : to

12、happen or to make sth happen faster or earlier13. : to make sb notice sth and pay attention to it14. : to make a long loud cry15. : feeling as if everything is spinning around you and that you are not able to balance16. : the process or result of dividing into separate parts17. : to move , beat or f

13、low with strong regular movements or sounds18. : a long weapon like a stick with one sharp end答案：1.archaeology2.regardless3.tentative4. alternative 5.assume 6.interrupt 7.ample8. sharpen 9.messy 10.accuracy11.applaud12. accelerate 13.arrest 14.howl 15.dizzy16. division 17.pulse 18.spearIV.选用正确短语的适当形

14、式完成句子at most; cut up; regardless of; be fed up with ； look ahead; date back to1. John was about his failure to beat Mary.2. The laws apply to everyone race , creed （ 宗教信条）or colour.3. The work will be completed within four hours .4. Myinterest in stamp collection myschooldays.5. Im trying to at what

15、 might happen and be readyto handle it.6. Jenny Tomwhois always compromisinghis principles.答案：1.cut up 2.regardless of 3.at most 4.dates back to 5.look ahead 6.is fed up with一语:理解 课文表层理解I .判断正(T)误(F)1. The caves lie at the foot of the hill.()2. Evidence has showedthat the earliest people in the cave

16、s used animal skins to make clothes according to the conversation)3. Our earliestpeople in the Zhoukoudian caves keptthemselves warm by working.( )答案：1.F 2.T 3.Fn .读课文，完成表格Some of the earliest people lived in 1.EvidenceConclusionHow could theylive there ? Human and animalbonesThey lived in caves. To

17、ols and2. How did they keep warm ?Fireplaces in the center of the cavesThey used fire to3., cook thefood and scare wild animals away.X4.They kept the fire burning all winter.No doorsThey hung animal skins at the cave mouth to keep out the cold.What 5.were there?Bones of tigers and bearsTigers and be

18、ars were their most dangerous enemies.How did they make clothes ?6.made ofanimal bones They used7. stonetools to cut up animals and removetheir skin. They used8. toremove the fat andmeat from the skin. They rubbed an ample amount of salt onto the skin to 9.What did they use to make ornaments ?Animal

19、 bones and10. Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside.答案：l.the Zhoukoudian caves 2.other objects3. keep warm 4.Layers of ash 5.wild animals6. Needles 7.sharpened 8.smaller scrapers9. made it soft 10.seashells课文深层理解I .主旨匹配Stage 1 A. What can we learn from a neck

20、lace?Stage 2 B . Life in the cave.Stage 3 C . What can we learn from a needle?答案：Stage 1 B Stage 2 C Stage 3 -An.单项选择1 . Our earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves kept themselves warm by .A. workingB. fightingC. making firesD. hunting2. Evidence has showedthat the earliest people in the caves use

21、d to make clothes according to the conversation.A. leavesB. tree skinsC. animal skinsD. cotton3. Which of the following about fire is NOT right?A. Keeping warm.B. Cooking food.C. Frightening the animals. D . Making iron.4. What did they find in the caves?A. Only human bones and fires.B. Just animal

22、bones.C. Modern tools and ornaments.D. Bones, tools and ornaments , as well as fireplaces.5. From but others are made of shells ”，we cant infer that .A. the sea was not far away at that timeB. they ran to the sea for the shellsC. the shells could be sold and boughtD. they could make necklaces by mac

23、hines答案：1.C 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.Dm.领会下列句子所用的句型并尝试译成汉语1. It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England , who are interested in archaeology.2. Weve discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caveswhere they made fires.3. .as the botanical analyses have shown us , all the fields around there used

24、to be part of a large shallow lake.4. Thats why they are called hunters and gatherers.5. They couldnt have mats, blankets or quilts like wedo.It must have been very uncomfortable.答案：1.很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的且对考古学感兴趣的学 生。2 .我们发现在洞穴的中央有生火用的壁炉。3 .正如植物学的分析结果所显示的那样，这儿四周曾经是 一个很大的浅水湖。4 .这就是他们被称为猎人和采摘者的缘故。5 .他们不可能像我

25、们一样有席子、毛毯或棉被，那肯定很不舒 服。IV.课文缩写A group of students from England , who are interested in1., have come to Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archaeologist gives them a brief introduction to the life and habits of the earliest people in ZhoukoudianEarly people lived in caves and they made 2.in the centre o

26、f caves to keep them 3., cook the foodand 4.their enemies away , such as tigers and bears.Early people made their own clothes from animal 5.They used sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skins.Smaller scrapers were used to 6.the fat and meat from the skin.Finally they would use n

27、eedles made of animal bones to 7.the pieces together.Early people also paid attention to their 8.and wore necklaces.Some of the necklace beads were made of animal bones but somewere madeof shells , which told us that all the fields around Zhoukoudian caves used to be part of a large9.lake.Early peop

28、le didnt grow their own crops,but picked fruit when it was 10.and hunted animals for food.答案：l.archaeology 2.fires 3.warm 4.scare 5.skins6. remove 7.sew 8.appearance 9.shallow 10.ripe规范写作技法指导1一方市技月事物类说明文的写作说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它用来客观地 介绍事物或阐明事理。说明文的种类很多，主要有事物类说明文和事 理类说明文。要写好事物类说明文，应注意以下几点：1 .抓住事物的特点

29、。详细描述事物的本质特征，从而使读者获得全面、深刻的认识。2 .注意说明顺序。说明文常用的顺序有以下三种：时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序。说明复杂的事物时常将这三种顺序结合起来使用。3 .巧用说明方法。写好事物类说明文，不仅要抓特征、讲条理，还要巧妙地运用说 明方法，这样才能把复杂的事物清楚、 直观地呈现在读者面前，文章 也会显得更生动、形象。4 .语言要准确。事物类说明文是对事物做客观介绍的文章，所以写作时要注意语 言的准确性。写作积累常用句式1. It looks like.2. .be located in.3. .date back to.4. .measure.metres from.

30、to.5. With a height of., it.6. It is in good condition.7. It may be used as/for.8. It is made from/of.的精品展示假如你是高三学生弓K磊，你的网友Mike在暑假期间要到中国来旅游，想事先了解北京的风貌。请你给Mike介绍一下北京的情况内容包括：1,北京位于华北地区。2 .北京是中国的政治中心，在文化、经济、科学、教育等方面 起着重要作用；北京有很多著名的大学。3 .北京历史悠久，历史文化古迹有市区的故宫、北海公园、天 坛等；郊区有颐和园、长城等。4 .北京的交通便利：地铁四通八达，公交方便，出租

31、车司机乐 于助人。要求：1 .不要逐字翻译，可以增加细节以使行文通顺。2 .词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总数。参考词 the: the Temple of Heaven 天坛the Ming Tombs 明陵Dear Mike ,I am glad to have heard you are going to China for your summer vacation.Im writing to tell you something about Beijing.Welcometo Beijing! I hope you have a good stay in Beijing!Yo

32、urs sincerely ,Zhang Lei写作要点1 .第一段：写北京是中国文化、经济、政治、教育中心。2 .第二段：介绍北京的名胜古迹。3 .第三段：说明北京便利的交通。4 .第四段：欢迎Mike到北京，祝愿他在北京快乐。范文点评范义点评Dear Mike ,I am glad to have heard you are going toChinayou re your summer vacation.Im writing totell you something about Beijing.Beijing lies in Northern China.It is not only t

33、he political centre of the country, but_ also playsan outstanding part in culture , economy science and education.There are numerous universities in Beijing.Among the citys historical and cultural monumentsare the Palace Museum Beihai Park and the Temple of Heaven.In the suburbs, there aremany other

34、 sights , including the Summer Palace and the Great Wall.It is now very convenient to travel inBeijing.There are subway lines on which you can travel around the city.And the buses are near you all the way and taxi drivers in Beijing are also ready to help you.Welcome to Beijing ! I hope you have a g

35、ood stayin Beijing !Yours sincerely ,Zhang Lei本文使用了高级 词汇，如notonly.butalso. , lie in , all the way , be convenient 等及 倒装句、定语从句 等，这些都为文章 增添了亮点。语言 简洁明快，表达清 晰自然，给读者以 耳目一新的感觉作文所写根据下面提示写一篇100词左右的说明文，向Mr.Smith介绍适 合他租用的一处房子。（1）位于市中心商业区，交通便利，环境优美; （2）面积80平方米，宽敞明亮；（3）房间天然气、暖气、家具、空调 等必备设施齐全；（4）房租价格合理，每月仅1 000元

36、。其房子位置 和户型如图所示：答案：The house is on the fifth floor of a six storey buildingwhich is located at the crossroads made by the Garden Avenue and the Peace Avenue, two busiest streets in our city.Around it lie a supermarket, a hospital and a bus stop, so it isconvenient for you to do shopping, see a doctor

37、 or travel.2Whats more, the house covers an area of 80 m and contains one living room, two bedrooms, one kitchen and one toilet.Besides , it is equipped with all the households and living facilities such as natural gas, heating system, furniture, air conditioners and so on.The rent is no more than 1

38、, 000 yuan per month , which is a real bargain.课后演练强基提能A级基础过关I .用括号内词的适当形式或根据句意填空1. I cut the meat for cooking meat balls.2. There is alternative to this sick system but we are choosing to ignore it.3. The(assume) that humanclones have already been born hasnt been proved yet.4. . he often puts it ,

39、university education determines ones future.5. Tom(work) in the library every night over the last three months.6. Myinterest in stamp collecting dates back myschooldays.7. He had expected to give them a wonderful lecture,only(disturb) by some naughty boys.8. I failed again.If only I (have) time to r

40、eview my lessons.9. The new drug has great(significant) for the treatment of the disease.10. It is time for us to look the past and look to the future when the new year comes.11. He is a(skill) English speaking professor.12. At the end of her song , the audience jumped to their feet and(applaud) wil

41、dly.13. A lot of cars and crowds here made us feel hotter and(dizzy).14. Weshould work out a(system) way to solve the problem.15. (scratch) his head, Tomthought of a good idea.答案：1.up 2.an 3.assumption 4.As 5.has been working6. to 7.to be disturbed 8.had had 9.significance10. back at ahead 11.skilfu

42、l 12.applauded13. dizzier 14.systematic 15.Scratchingn.话题微写作将下列句子翻译成英语并连成一段意义完整、语言流畅的小短文 (80词左右)。1 .这件事过去五年了。(date back to)2 .他厌倦了学习。(be fed up with)3 .他不顾家人的反对，只身一人离开了家。 (regardless of)4 .他认为自己能赚大钱。(assume)5 .(当时)他身上最多只有100元钱。(at most)6 .他到了上海后却发现诸事不顺。(only to do)7 .除了去偷、去抢外，他别无选择。(alternative)8 .最

43、后他因为抢劫而被捕。(arrest)9 .如今他后悔了，要是能回到学校那该有多好！(if only)10 .他已决定要为将来打算，开始新的生活。(look ahead)答案：This incident dates back to five years ago, when he wasfed up with study.He left homealone regardlessof objectionsfrom his family , assuming that he could make a fortune.He had at most 100 yuan on him and got to S

44、hanghai, only to find nothing went well.He had no alternative but to steal and rob and was arrested for robbing at last.Now he regrets that if only he could go back to school ! He has decided to look ahead and starta new life.B级能力提升HI .阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B C和D）中，选出 最佳选项。The ancient city is in P

45、ingyao county , Shanxi Province.The city wall was first built during the Zhou Dynasty.Since 1997,it has been listed as a World Heritage Site.Now Pingyao city is the only one in China completely protected as it washundreds of years ago.The perimeter（ 周长）of this square city is 6.4 km long and the city

46、 wall is the earliest and largest city wall in China.It is 12 m high with width of 5 m . The wall was built with earth and covered with bricks.Outside the city wall there is a river, 4 m wide and 4 m deep.There are several gates of the city, two each on the east and west and one each on the south an

47、d north side.All the gates have two doors each.This has given the city the nameTurtleCity “ with the two gates on the south and north standing for the head and tail of the turtle and four gates on the east and west as the four legs.The doors on the south and north stand opposite each other, like the

48、 head of the turtle extending out and two wells just beyond the southern gate are like a turtles two eyes.Located on the trade route between Beijing and Xian,Pingyao developed into a merchant center where the local people set up the nations earliest banks.These banks were the first in China to use c

49、hecks.Several old courtyards have been turned into museums,most of which were homes and offices of Pingyaos old banks.One of the most unusual aspects of a visit here is realizing that this place was very important to Chinas financial history.语篇解读本文介绍了中国唯一一座被保护完整的古城平遥。1. What does the passage mainly

50、talk about?A. The ancient city Pingyao.B. Chinas ancient financial centre Pingyao.C. The city wall of Pingyao.D. The museums in Pingyao.解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一、三句The ancient city is in Pingyao county, Shanxi Province.” 山西省平遥古城。NowPingyao city is the only one in China completely protected as it was hundreds

51、 of years ago.”现在平遥县是中国唯一一座被保护完整的古城，它有数百年的历史。故选A。答案：A2. How many gates are there in Pingyao city?A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.D. Seven.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句two each on the east and west and one each on the south and north side ”在东、西各有两个门；在南、北各有一个门。故选C。答案：C3. Which gate in Pingyao city stands for the head of t

52、he turtle?A. The gate on the north. B . The gate on the south.C. The gate on the east.D. The gate on the west.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句the two gates on thesouth and north standing for the head and tail of the turtle在南边的门和北边的门分别是海龟的头和尾。故选B。答案：B4 . It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that .A. Ping

53、yao city played an important role in ancient Chinas financeB. museums in Pingyao city are now used for bank officesC. Pingyao city was one of the largest cities in ancient ChinaD. old banks in ancient Pingyao city used checks only解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句One of the mostunusual aspects of a visit here is r

54、ealizing that this placewas very important to Chinas financial history.这里最不寻常的一个方面是它对中国的金融发展非常重要。故选Ao答案：AIV.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Philadelphia is a city known for many things.It is where the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776, and it was also the first capital of th

55、e United States.1 It is _hometo nearly 3, 000 murals（壁画）painted on the sides of homes and buildings around the city.Therere more murals than any other city on Earth.2More than 20 years ago, a New Jersey artist named Jane Golden started a program pairing troubled youth with artists to paint murals on

56、 a few buildings around the city.3_The teenagers involved helped to create magnificent pieces of art, and there were other, even more important, benefits.The young people learned to cooperate and get along with many different kinds of people during the painting.They learned to be responsible, because they needed to follow a schedule to make sure the murals were completed.4 It is hard foranyone to see the spectacular designs and not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.Take a walk around some of the poorest neighbourhoods in Philadelphia and you will find beaut