高中英语选修6--3语法ppt课件

1、GrammarThe use of “it”Talk about the following pictures, using It is no use/good doing sth 做做没有用没有用/不不好好It is fun doing sth 做做很有趣很有趣还想跑？还想跑？甭想！甭想！想追我想追我?没门！没门！ It is never too old to learn. 活到老活到老, 学到老。学到老。 It is easier to fall than to rise. 摔倒容易爬起来难。摔倒容易爬起来难。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水

2、难收。覆水难收。 It never rains but it pours(泼水泼水). 不鸣则已不鸣则已, 一鸣惊人。一鸣惊人。Proverbs(谚语谚语) with “It” It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open. 创业容易守业难。创业容易守业难。 It takes three generations (代代) to make a gentleman. 十年树木十年树木, 百年树人。百年树人。dateweathertimedistanceplacetemperature 日期日期天气天气时间时间间隔间隔地点地点温度

3、温度It is obvious that the water was to blame.It is true that he will treat me to breakfast tomorrow.It is certain that our class will do a good job in the final exam.Is it possible that he will become the chairman of our country?It is amazing that at my age I still look like a student!分析分析: it是是 _, 句

4、子真正的主语是句子真正的主语是_。形式主语形式主语that引导的主语从句引导的主语从句The use of “it”一、一、 用作人称代词用作人称代词, 代表前面提到的人或事物代表前面提到的人或事物 Whos it? _ me. Look at the picture. _ is a picture of our school.It 二、用于代替指示代词二、用于代替指示代词this 和和that。-Is this jacket yours?-Yes, _ is.it三、用以表示时间、间隔、天气、气候、季节、环境三、用以表示时间、间隔、天气、气候、季节、环境 It is half past ei

5、ght now. Its only half an hours walk from here to our school. 3) I hope that it will be fine tomorrow. 4) It has rained much this year. 5) Its spring now. 6) Its quiet here.Time Distance Weather Weather Season Circumstance 替代作主语的从句、动词不定替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词式、动名词, 而把真正作主语而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词的从句、动词不定式、动名

6、词置于句尾。置于句尾。四、四、it 用作形式主语用作形式主语1. 代作主语的动词不定式代作主语的动词不定式1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.此处此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词通常为描述事件的形容词: easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely,unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered彬彬有礼的、气质高雅的彬彬有礼的、气质高雅的,） il

7、l-mannered没规矩的粗鲁的）没规矩的粗鲁的）, polite, impolite,clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful，dangerousIt is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.此处此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词通常为描述人的形容词: kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thought

8、less, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.Its kind of you to help me with the problem.Its no good/use doingIts (well) worth doingIts (well) worth ones while doing/to doIts (well) worth while doing/ to doIts no use crying over spilt milk.3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型替代作主语的动名词的常见句型2.

9、it作形式主语替代主语从句作形式主语替代主语从句It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain ) that .该句型中该句型中it 是形式主语是形式主语, 真正的主语是真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句, 常译为常译为“清楚清楚(显然显然, 真的真的)”, 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。是主语从句最常见的一种结构。e.g. It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. It is adj. + clause It is said (reported/ learned/be

10、lieved/thought/known/told/hoped.) that . 该句型中的该句型中的it 仍是形式主语仍是形式主语, 真正主语是真正主语是that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句; 该结构常译为该结构常译为“听说听说(据报道据报道, 据悉据悉)”。It is said that he has come to .It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.It is v-ed that=sb./sth. is to do It is + noun + 从句从句 It is a pity (

11、a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/. ) that . 该句型中该句型中, that后的从句一般用虚拟语气后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形动词原形), should可省去。表示可省去。表示出乎意料出乎意料, 常译为常译为“竟然竟然”。没有这种意义时。没有这种意义时, 则不用虚拟语气。如：则不用虚拟语气。如：It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上这种事竟然发生在你们班上, 真是遗憾！真是遗憾！It is

12、 a pity that he is ill. 他生病了他生病了, 真遗憾！真遗憾！五、五、it作形式宾语作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时宾语从句时, 往往把宾语放在它的补足语往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用后面，而用it 作形式宾语作形式宾语, 放在宾语补足放在宾语补足语之前。该句型中的语之前。该句型中的it 作形式宾语作形式宾语, 常用常用的动词有的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。等。 I think it no use arguing with him.我认为和他争吵

13、没有用。我认为和他争吵没有用。I found it very interesting to study English.我发现学英语非常有趣。我发现学英语非常有趣。He made it clear that he was notinterested in this subject.他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。 六、用于强调句型中六、用于强调句型中It + be+被强调部分被强调部分 + that/who(a person)从句从句I met Tom in the park yesterday.1) It was I who met Tom in

14、the park yesterday.2) It was Tom who I met in the park yesterday.3) It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.4) It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park.It was five oclock _ I got home.It was at five oclock _ I got home.thatIt is not until + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语该句型也是强调句型。主要

15、用于强凋时间状语, 译成汉语译成汉语 “直到直到才才”, 可以说是可以说是not . until . 的强调形式。如的强调形式。如: It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she too

16、k off her dark glasses. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. (92) A. when, that B. until, when C. until, that D. when, then 2) It was not until _ that _ to prepare his lessons. (91) A. did his father come in, the boy began B. did his father come in, did

17、 the boy begin C. his father came in, did the boy begin D. his father came in, the boy beganC D 强调句用以强调主语强调句用以强调主语, 宾语宾语, 介词宾语以及状语。介词宾语以及状语。(强调人时用强调人时用that和和who/whom皆可皆可)It was she who that had been wrong是她错了。是她错了。 ( ) It was the girl whom that I met just now我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。 ( ) It was Tom

18、 to whom the teacher had talked老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。 ( ) It was on Monday night that all this happened所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。( )主语主语宾语宾语介词宾语介词宾语状语状语七、七、it 常用的固定搭配常用的固定搭配 make it 在口语当中相当于在口语当中相当于succeed, 表示表示: 胜利、胜利、 做到、说定、赶上、及时到达做到、说定、赶上、及时到达 如如: Its hard to make it to the top in

19、 show business. 2) 在口语中相当于在口语中相当于fix the date for, 表示表示 “约定好时间约定好时间” 如如: Shall we meet next week? OK. We just make it next Saturday.2. take it/things easy 相当于相当于Dont worry or dont hurry. 用来劝告用来劝告他人他人, 表示表示“不要慌不要慌, 别担心别担心, 沉住气沉住气”Take it easy！He will do it well.3. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中

20、在口语中, 相当于相当于it hasnt been decided yet, 表示表示“那那得看情况得看情况, 还没有定下来还没有定下来”Are you going to the countryside for holiday?It/That all depends.4. Its up to sb. 在口语中在口语中, 相当于相当于its decided by sb. 表示表示“由由决议决议, 由由担担任任, 取决于取决于” Shall we go out for dinner？ Its up to you.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面尤其是表示好恶的动

21、词尤其是表示好恶的动词enjoy / like / love / appreciate dislike / hate / resent(憎恨憎恨)take / dont mind / be fond of / feel like / see (to it) that留意；担任；务必；照料留意；担任；务必；照料e.g: I take it that(我以为我以为/我认为我认为) you dont agree with me. 我的理解是：你不同意我的意见我的理解是：你不同意我的意见I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.有时，非

22、得用法语打电话，我感有时，非得用法语打电话，我感到很讨厌。到很讨厌。See to it that you always carry your passport.务必常带上你的护照。务必常带上你的护照。catch it (口语口语) 被责骂被责骂; 受处罚受处罚e.g. If I come home late Ill catch it from my mother. 如果我回家晚了如果我回家晚了, 我妈妈会骂我。我妈妈会骂我。 Youll catch it because of your carelessness. 你会因为你的不小心受处罚的。你会因为你的不小心受处罚的。it的一些习惯用法的一些

23、习惯用法How is it with your study? 学习好吗？学习好吗？Thats it . 这就对了。这就对了。It went hard with him. 他身遇不幸。他身遇不幸。It is all over with me. 我完蛋了。我完蛋了。We must fight it out.我们必须坚持到底。我们必须坚持到底。I cant help it. 我没有办法。我没有办法。高考链接高考链接1. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (天津天津2019) A. this B. that

24、C. it D. these 2. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (浙江浙江2019)A. As B. That C. This D. ItCD3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. (2019全国全国)A. it B. she C. which D. he4. Id appreciate _ if

25、 you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (山东山东2019)A. thatB. it C. this D. youAB5. It was _ he came back from Africa that year_ he met the girl he would like to marry. (江西江西2009)A. when; then B. not; untilC. not until; that D. olny, when6. It was along the Missippi River _Mark Twain spen

26、t much of hid childhood.(天津天津2019)A. how B. which C. that D. whereC C 改错改错You wont find difficult to get to the city center. (2019全国全国)2. I know there is not easy to be a teacher. (2019湖北湖北)3. This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded as “the best car in the world”.find后加后加itthere it

27、This ItExercises:1. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C.these D. them 2. In which play is _ your brother will appear? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where3. _ the harder you work, the better result youll get. A. Its believed that B. What we believed that C.

28、 Its fact D. What the fact isACA4. Nothing can stop us, _? A. cant it B. can it C. cant we D. can we5. -Can you tell us how the war was won in the end ? - I dont know, _. A. Its hard to say B. It doesnt matter C. Its no use saying D. It depends on the workBA6. Does _ matter a lot whether she will come here by bus or by taxi? A. The thing B. that C. it D. her mother7. -Listen! Someone is unlocking the goods