美国大学生必读书目100本原版

1、美国大学生必读书目100本（原版）经典Walden Or, Life in the Woods by Henry David Thoreau A remarkable account of a man seeking a more simple life by living in harmony with nature.On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin The book that revolutionized the natural sciences and every literary, philosophical and religiou

2、s thinker who followed.The Iliad by Homer The Iliad is one of the two great epics of Homer, and is typically described as one of the greatest war stories of all time.Selected Poems of Emily Dickinson The perfect volume for readers wishing to explore the works of one of Americas first poets. The Art

3、of War by Sunzi A book which should be used to gain advantage of opponents in the boardroom and battlefield alike.The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli Its essential contribution to modern political thought lies in Machiavellis assertion of the then revolutionary idea that theological and moral imperati

4、ves have no place in the political arena.Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte A superb evocation of a time and place;Â a complex, detailed character study; a believable and compelling plot; and, more than anything else, a magnificent love story.A Tales of Two Cities by Charles Dickens This story of th

5、e French Revolution brings to life a time of terror and treason, and a starving people rising in frenzy and hate to overthrow a corrupt and decadent regime.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain Perhaps the best-loved nineteenth-century American novel, Mark Twainâ s tale of boyhood adventur

6、e overflows with comedy, warmth, and slapstick energy.The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas One of the greatest tales of revenge of all time.War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy A s Napoleonâ s army invades, Tolstoy brilliantly follows characters from diverse backgroundsâ ”peasants and nobi

7、lity, civilians and soldiersâ ”as they struggle with the problems unique to their era, their history, and their culture.Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson The writings featured here show Emerson as a protester against social conformity, a lover of nature, an activist for the rights of women and slav

8、es, and a poet of great sensitivity.Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte One of literatureâ s most disturbing explorations into the dark side of romantic passion. Heathcliff and Cathy believe theyâ re destined to love each other forever, but when cruelty and snobbery separate them, their unta

9、med emotions literally consume them.The Complete Works of William Shakespeare Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the worlds preeminent dramatist.Apology, Crito, and Phaedo of Socrates by Plato The trial and condemnation of Socrates on charges of heresy

10、and corrupting young minds is a defining moment in the history of Classical Athens. In tracing these events through four dialogues, Plato also developed his own philosophy, based on Socrates manifesto for a life guided by self-responsibility.Symposium by Plato Plato explores, through a series of spe

11、eches, the nature and origins of love and passion.The Divine Comedy by Dante A moving human drama, an unforgettable visionary journey through the infinite torment of Hell, up the arduous slopes of Purgatory, and on to the glorious realm of Paradise-the sphere of universal harmony and eternal salvati

12、on.Paradise Lost by John Milton Considered to be the greatest epic poem in English literature. Its roots lie in the Genesis account of the worlds creation and Adam and Eves expulsion from Eden.Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw A perceptive comedy of wit and wisdom about the unique relationship betwee

13、n a spunky cockney flower-girl and her irascible speech professor.Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman “The most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yet contributed.” â ” Ralph Waldo Emerson.The Works of Aristotle Aristotles views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieva

14、l scholarship, and their influence extended well into the Renaissance.The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer The tales, some of which are originals and others not, are contained inside a frame tale and told by a collection of pilgrims on a pilgrimage from London Borough of Sout Canterbury.The Devi

15、ls Dictionary by Ambrose Bierce Bierce was an iconoclastic literary genius and this compilation of definitions (written for a satirical magazine during the 1880s) is a true American classic. Some may find Bierce sexist, nationalist and racist, but most readers will enjoy his malevolent scepticism an

16、d underlying rage against hypocrisy.20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne A group of men set sail to solve the mystery of a sea monster in this amazing underwater adventure.Moby Dick by Herman Melville A masterpiece of storytelling and symbolic realism, this thrilling adventure and epic saga p

17、its Ahab, a brooding sea captain, against the great white whale that crippled him.Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad Exploring the workings of consciousness as well as the grim realities of imperialism, Heart of Darkness tells of Marlow, a seaman and wanderer, who journeys into the heart of the Afri

18、can continent to discover how the enigmatic Kurtz has gained power over the local people.Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson This dark psychological fantasy is also a product of its time, drawing on contemporary theories of class, evolution, criminality, and secret lives.Voltaires Phil

19、osophical Dictionary A series of short, radical essays alphabetically arranged that form a brilliant and bitter analysis of the social and religious conventions that then dominated eighteenth-century French thought.Candide by Voltaire In the story of the trials and travails of the youthful Candide,

20、his mentor Dr. Pangloss, and a host of other characters, Voltaire mercilessly satirizes and exposes romance, science, philosophy, religion and government.The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo An epic tale of beauty and sadness, The Hunchback of Notre Dame portrays the sufferings of humanity wit

21、h compassion and power.Les Miserables by Victor Hugo In this story of the trials of the peasant Jean Valjeana man unjustly imprisoned, baffled by destiny, and hounded by his nemesis, the magnificently realized, ambiguously malevolent police detective JavertHugo achieves the sort of rare imaginative

22、resonance that allows a work of art to transcend its genre.Father Goriot by Honore de Balzac A masterful study of a father whose sacrifices for his daughters have become a compulsion, this novel marks Balzacs “real entrée” into La Comédie Humaine, his series of almost one hundr

23、ed novels and short stories meant to depict “the whole pell-mell of civilization.”The Atheists Mass by Honore de Balzac Bianchon, who was with Desplein all through his last illness, dares not affirm to this day that the great surgeon died an atheist.Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky Dostoyev

24、skys first masterpiece, the novel is a psychological analysis of the poor student Raskolnikov, whose theory that humanitarian ends justify evil means leads him to murder a St. Petersburg pawnbroker.Notes From the Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky Violating literary conventions in ways never before at

25、tempted, this classic tells of a mid-19th-century Russian officials breakaway from society and descent “underground”.Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen The story of fiercely independent Elizabeth Bennet, one of five sisters who must marry rich, as she confounds the arrogant, wealthy Mr. Darcy.Sense

26、and Sensibility by Jane Austen A wonderfully entertaining tale of flirtation and folly that revolves around two starkly different sisters, Elinor and Marianne Dashwood.The Tao Te Ching by Laozi Reportedly written by a sage named Lao Tzu over 2,500 years ago, the Tao Te Ching is one of the most succi

27、nctand yet among the most profoundspiritual texts ever written.Frankenstein by Mary Shelley A scientist, Victor Frankenstein, who learns how to create life and creates a being in the likeness of man, but larger than average and more powerfulThe Complete Works of P.B. Shelley One of the major English

28、 Romantic poets and is widely considered to be among the finest lyric poets in the English language.Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe The old story still stands up as one of the best adventure yarns for children who are interested in tales of shipwreck.Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe Defoeâ s excel

29、lence it is, to make me forget my specific class, character, and circumstances, and to raise me while I read him, into the universal man.Gullivers Travels by Jonathan Swift Shipwrecked castaway Lemuel Gullivers encounters with the petty, diminutive Lilliputians, the crude giants of Brobdingnag, the

30、abstracted scientists of Laputa, the philosophical Houyhnhnms, and the brutish Yahoos give him new, bitter insights into human behavior.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain Huckleberry Finn had a tough life with his drunk father until an adventure with Tom Sawyer changed everything. But

31、when Hucks dad returns and kidnaps him, he must escape down the Mississippi river with runaway slave, Jim.Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes In 1651, Hobbes published his work about the relationship between the government and the individual. More than four centuries old, this brilliant yet ruthless book ana

32、lyzes not only the bases of government but also physical nature and the roles of man.Beyond Good and Evil by Friedrich Nietzsche In the book the philosopher attempts to systematically sum up his philosophy through a collection of 296 aphorisms grouped into nine different chapters based on their comm

33、on theme.Thus Spoke Zarathustra by Friedrich Nietzsche This book addresses the problem of how to live a fulfilling life in a world without meaning, in the aftermath of “the death of God.” His solution lies in the idea of eternal recurrence, which he calls “the highest formula of affirmation that can

34、 ever be attained.”The Lifted Veil by George Eliot A dark fantasy drawing on contemporary scientific interest in the physiology of the brain, mesmerism, phrenology, and experiments in revification, it is Eliots anatomy of her own moral philosophy.Sons and Lovers by DH Lawrence The first modern portr

35、ayal of a phenomenon that later, thanks to Freud, became easily recognizable as the Oedipus complex.Women in Love by DH Lawrence Women in Love examines the ill effects of industrialization on the human psyche, resolving that individual and collective rebirth is possible only through human intensity

36、and passion.White Fang by Jack London The story of a wolf-dog who endures great cruelty before he comes to know human kindness.Call of the Wild by Jack London This gripping story follows the adventures of the loyal dog Buck, who is stolen from his comfortable family home and forced into the harsh li

37、fe of an Alaskan sled dog.The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe Lamenting the loss of a gentle but passionate woman, the narrator drinks, yet somberly dwells on her name.The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe The horrors of the Spanish Inquisition, with its dungeon of death, and the overhanging gl

38、oom on the House of Usher demonstrate unforgettably the unique imagination of Edgar Allan Poe.Dracula by Bram Stoker A true masterwork of storytelling, Dracula has transcended generation, language, and culture to become one of the most popular novels ever written.Lair of the White Worm by Bram Stoke

39、r Set in central England, the work is brimming with adventure and excitement.Discourse by Descartes One of the few works of philosophy that absolutely every educated person needs to read at least once.The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Arthur Conan Doyleâ s Sherlock Hol

40、mes has been one of the most beloved fictional characters ever created.David Copperfield by Charles Dickens The story of a young manâ s adventures on his journey from an unhappy and impoverished childhood to the discovery of his vocation as a successful novelist.Great Expectations by Charles Di

41、ckens Dickens haunting late novel depicts Pips education and development through adversity as he discovers thetrue nature of his great expectations.Aesops Fables Full of humor, insight, and wit, the tales in Aesopâ s Fables champion the value of hard work and perseverance, compassion for others

42、, and honesty. They are age-old wisdom in a delicious form, for the consumption of adults and children alike.Beowulf by Anonymous Warriors must back up their mead-hall boasts with instant action, monsters abound, and fights are always to the death.Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin Few men could com

43、pare to Benjamin Franklin. Virtually self-taught, he excelled as an athlete, a man of letters, a printer, a scientist, a wit, an inventor, an editor, and a writer, and he was probably the most successful diplomat in American history.Common Sense by Thomas Paine Thomas Paines clear and concise writin

44、gs make him one of the greatest political authors of his time.The Ambassadors by Henry James The most exquisite refinement of his favorite theme: the collision of American innocence with European experience.Daisy Miller by Henry James A novel that plays upon the contrast between American and Europea

45、n society that is common to Jamess work.The Turn of the Screw by Henry James A tale of psychological horror as the governess struggles-and ultimately fails-to protect the children from the “corruption” that only she can conceive ofbut cannot name.Hero and Leander by Christopher Marlowe A Greek myth

46、in which Hero is a priestess of Aphrodite who dwelt in a tower in Sestos.Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen The story of its title character, Hedda, a self-centered manipulative woman who has grown tired of her marriage. To escape her boredom she begins to meddle in the lives of others with truly tragic r

47、esults.The Master Builder by Henrik Ibsen The play explores the needs of the artist in relation to those of society and the limits of artistic creativity.Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote, errant knight and sane madman, with the company of his faithful squire and wise fool, Sancho Panza

48、, together roam the world and haunt readers imaginations as they have for nearly four hundred years.Dubliners by James Joyce In “Dubliners,” Joyces first attempt to register in language and fictive form the protean complexities of the reality of experience, he learns the paradoxical lesson that only

49、 through the most rigorous economy, only by concentrating on the minutest of particulars, can he have any hope of engaging with the immensity of the world.Ulysses by James Joyce To this day it remains the modernist masterpiece, in which the author takes both Celtic lyricism and vulgarity to splendid

50、 extremes. It is funny, sorrowful, and even (in a close-focus sort of way) suspenseful.Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce The novels rich, symbolic language and brilliant use of stream-of-consciousness foreshadowed Joyces later work.Jude the Obscure by Thomas Hardy Jude Fawley, a p

51、oor stone carver with aspirations toward an academic career, is thwarted at every turn and is finally forced to give up his dreams of a university education.Far From the Madding of the Crowd by Thomas Hardy A young man falls victim to his own obsession with an amorous farm girl in this classic novel

52、 of fate and unrequited love.Twice Told Tales by Nathaniel Hawthorne Allegorical, supernatural and symbolic themes permeate these strange tales.The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne A timeless tale of passion and revenge, guilt and grace, sin and redemption. It cemented Nathaniel Hawthornes repu

53、tation as Americas greatest writer of fiction.The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde After Basil Hallward paints a beautiful, young mans portrait, his subjects frivolous wish that the picture change and he remain the same comes true. Dorian Grays picture grows aged and corrupt while he continues

54、to appear fresh and innocent.Lady Windermeres Fan by Oscar Wilde Set in London, the plays action is put in motion by Lady Windermeres jealousy over her husbands interest in Mrs. Erlynne, a beautiful older woman with a mysterious past.The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Oscar Wildeâ s

55、 madcap farce about mistaken identities, secret engagements, and loversâ entanglements still delights readers more than a century after its 1895 publication and premiere performance.Ivanhoe by Sir Walter Scott The epitome of the chivalric novel, Ivanhoe sweeps readers into Medieval England and

56、the lives of a memorable cast of characters.The Lady of the Lake by Sir Walter Scott Widely considered to be one of the top 100 greatest books of all time.The Jungle by Upton Sinclair One of the handful of books throughout all of history, perhaps, that have encapsulated the crying voices of the oppr

57、essed.The Machine by Upton Sinclair Another classic tale by Sinclair.The Last of the Mohicans by James Fenimore Cooper The classic tale of Hawkeye-Natty Bumppo-the frontier scout who turned his back on “civilization,” and his friendship with a Mohican warrior as they escort two sisters through the d

58、angerous wilderness of Indian country in frontier America.The Deerslayer by James Fenimore Cooper This first of the Leather-Stocking Tales takes us to Lake Otsego in the beginning of the French and Indian Wars. Natty Bumppo, now called Deerslayer, and the Mohican chief Chingachook fight against the Iroquois and discover hidden identities.Little Women by Louisa May Alcott In picturesque nineteenth-century New England, tomboyish Jo, beautiful Meg, fragile Beth, and romantic Amy come of age while their father is off to war.Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert For this