高中动词讲解大全及物非及物动词和时态非谓语动词及介词

1、.第二章 动词七十二变一实战演练语法填空：I advised you stop think of go abroad recently. 改错：Many fail to recognizing that all these things are good.The number of students in my school have risen from 200 to 600.判断对错 ：史密斯先生来这儿五天了。 Mr. Smith has come here for five days.Mr. Smith has been here for five days.Mr.

2、Smith came here five days ago.It is five days since Mr. Smith came here.Five days has passed since Mr. Smith came here.判断对错：How long have you come here? How long have you been here? When did you come here?二动词之及物不及物动作完好简单句-五大句型主谓 I come 主谓宾 I miss you主谓宾宾 You give me your heart主谓宾宾补 You make me happy

3、主系表 you are my little apple不及物动词误用作及物动词误: deal a problem 正：deal with a problem处理问题误: depend sb. 正：depend on sb. 依靠 依赖某人误: rely sb./sth. 正：rely on sb./sth.依靠依赖某人某物误: insist doing sth. 正：insist on doing sth. 坚持要做某事误: knock the door 正：knock at/on the door敲门误: operate sb. 正：operate on sb.为某人做手术 误: parti

4、cipate sth. 正：participate in sth.参加某事误: refer sth. 正： refer to sth.查阅参考某物误: reply a letter 正：reply to a letter回信注意：在某些其他用法中，以上有的动词也可能及物,如insist, reply等动词后可接宾语从句，operate表示“操作、“管理等时那么及物及物动词误用作不及物动词三有两个以上动词动作的简单句我爱篮球I love basketball. 第1变： 变非动词 我爱打篮球 简单句中的 动词 + 动词I love playing basketball.我想去打篮球I want

5、to go to play basketball.四动词动作之延续不延续4.1非延续性动词只限肯定式表示的动作短暂，不能持续；不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。4.2非延续性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于如今完成时。 如：The train has arrived. Have you joined the computer group?非延续性动词动作的用法4.3非延续性动词一般不可与how long连用。4.4非延续性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中，但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。 如：When we reached London, it was twelve o&

6、#39;clock. Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. 4.5非延续性动词不能用于进展时态，假设是进展时态形式那么表示将来时态的含义。 如：Im leaving for Lanzhou.4.6非延续性动词的否认式与until/till连用，构成“not+非延续性动词+until/till .的句型，意为“直到才。 如：You cant leave here until I arrive. I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.4.7

7、非延续性动词可用于如今完成时否认式中，成为可以延续的状态，因此可与表示“段时间的状语连用。 如：He hasnt left here since 1986.I havent heard from my father for two weeks.附表转换： 非延续性 延续性 非延续性 延续性延续性动词的用法4. 1延续性动词用于如今完成时，可与表示“段时间的状语连用。如：He has lived here for 6 years. I have learned English since I came here.4.2延续性动词不能与“点时间状语连用。比较：It rained at e

8、ight yesterday morning. It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.又如：   -When did you get to know Jack?    -Two years ago.     -Then youve known each other for more than two years. -Thats right.九谓语动词的时态 一、一般如今时的用法【概念】表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。【用法】1.

9、表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。句中常用always, often, usually, seldom, every day等时间状语。特别注意动词的第三人称单数形式，也就是主谓一致原那么。另everyday也可用于过去，将来时+in the past/future.【例句】The boy often takes a taxi to school. 这个男孩经常乘坐出租车去学校。【考题链接】Walmart, one of the largest American supermarket chains, some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays t

10、hrough Saturdays.A keep B kept C have kept D keeps 2. 表示客观真理或客观事实。【例句】Light travels in a straight line. 光沿直线传播。【考题链接】“Life is like walking in the snow, Granny used to say, “because every stepA. has shownB. is showing C. showsD. showed3. 表示按方案、规定要发生的动作，句中都带有时间状语。常常表示火车、汽车、轮船、飞机、学校上课等时间安排。【例句】The trai

11、n starts at nine in the morning. 火车早上九点钟开。【考题链接】Have you read the timetable ? Yes. The train _ at 10:12 p.m.A. will start B. is going to start C. should start D. starts4. 在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，用一般如今时表示将来。 【例句】If you come this afternoon, we will have a meeting. 假如今天下午你来，我们就开会。【考题链接】When will you come to se

12、e me，Dad?I will go to see you when you _ the training course.A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish【即学即练】1. Whose English is better, John or Tom?They have advantages in different aspects. Tom spends as much time reading as John _.A. writesB. does writingC. is writingD. does

13、write2. Come and see me whenever _.A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient C. it is convenient for you D. it will be convenient to you二、一般过去时的用法【概念】在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day前几天, in 1982等。动词过去式的变化规那么。【用法】表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。【例句】During the va

14、cation I often swam in the sea. 假期期间我常在海中游泳。I saw this film yesterday. 【考题链接】This is a wonderful book. Who _ it?A. writes B. has written C. wrote D. had written【即学即练】1. Judy is going to marry the sailor she _ in Rome last year.A. meets B. met C. has met D. would meet2. I dont believe youve already f

15、inished reading the bookI _it to you this morning!A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent三、一般将来时的用法【概念】一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常见形式为：will / shall 动词原形；be going to动词原形；bev. ing；be to be about to动词原形构造等。【用法】1. 这种构造是表示将来的动作或状态。常伴有表示将来的时间状语。shall用于第一人称，will常用于第二、三人称，但在现代英语中wil

16、l可以通用于各种人称。在问句中shall常用于第一人称表示建议或征求对方意见。常用的时间状语有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning / afternoon , the day after tomorrow, next year, next month , from now on 从如今开场，in an hour 一小时后，in two days / weeks等。【例句】Please bring me a cup of tea. 请给我端杯茶来。Ill do it in a minute. 我马上就去端。当事人临时当下做出的决定【考题链接】Ann is in hospital

17、. Oh, really? I _ know. I _go and visit her. A. didnt; am going to B. dont; wouldC. dont; will D. didnt; will2. “be going to动词原形表示说话人的主观意图/推测，即打算在最近或将来要做某事。 I am going to have an interview tomorrow/to be late.3. “be to +动词原形表示按方案或安排将要发生某事。常表示“职责、意图、约定、可能性等。The president is to hold a news conference.

18、 4. “be about动词不定式表示最近或马上要发生的动作，其后不接时间状语构造。The plane is about to take off起飞/land on降落/taxi滑行.【考题链接】_ leave at the end of this month.I dont think you should do that until_ another job. A. Im going to; youd found B. Im going to; youve foundC. Ill; youll find D. Ill; youd find【即学即练】1. When _ again?When

19、 he _, Ill let you know.A. will he come; will come B. will he come; comeC. he comes; comes D. will he come; comes2. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _ visit Beijing this summer.A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to四、如今进展时的用法【用法】1. 表示说话时正在发生的动作，谓语：be+doing。2.

20、 说话时不一定在进展，但那个时间背景下正在发生的动作。3. 某些动词的如今进展时可表示将来发生的动作。常见的动词有：go, come, leave, arrive, start, stay, return, take off等。4. always, often, constantly始终如一地, frequently, forever等副词和如今进展时态连用，表达说话人的某种情感，即“赞扬或“厌恶等，可译为“老是、总是。【例句】He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。【考题链接】Im not finished with my dinner yet. But o

21、ur friends _for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting【即学即练】1. Teenagers their health because they play computer games too much.A. have damaged B. are damaging C. damaged D. will2. Have you got any job offers? No. I _.A. waited B. had been waitingC. have waited D. am waiting注意：一般如今时和

22、如今进展时的区别I live in the country I am living in the country 长期 短暂I read newspapers in the morning. I am reading newspapers in the morning. 习惯 临时五、过去进展时的用法【概念】表示过去某一时刻, 某一阶段正在进展的动作，由 “was were+如今分词构成。【用法】1. 表示过去某一时刻, 某一阶段正在进展的动作。2. 与always, forever, constantly连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。【考题链接】I thought Gao Hui and

23、her friend were in the cinema seeing the film “Let The Bullets Fly yesterday evening. Impossible. She _ TV with me in my home then. A. watched B. had watchedC. would watch D. was watching【即学即练】The telephone _, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung注

24、意：一般过去时和过去进展时的区别Mary read a book yesterday. Mary was reading a book yesterday. 过去动作过去完毕了 过去的画面正在进展六、将来进展时的用法形式：。Will be doing 。一般将来时VS将来进展时七、如今完成时的用法【概念】表示过去发生的动作对如今造成的影响或结果，谓语构造：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词。【用法】1. 如今完成时所表示的动作开场于过去, 持续到如今, 也许还会持续下去。常与so far, recently, lately近来, already, just, yet, never, up

25、to now, ever since, since then, for a long time, in the last three years等时间状语连用。 2.否认句的谓语构造：助动词have/has not+过去分词。 3.一般疑问句：助动词have/has+主语+动词的过去分词。 肯定答复：Yes,主语+have/has. 否认答复：No,主语+have/has not. 4. 一般过去时和如今完成时辨析我钱包不见了。翻译：我娶了她/我娶她了。翻译：我在这工作。翻译：【考题链接】I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Ca

26、n you play the piano for me? Sorry, I _ the piano for years.A. dont play B. wasnt playing C. havent played D. hadnt playedMy good friend _his hometown since 10 years ago. A. has left B. left C. has been away from D. was away from2. 非延续性动词，如come, go, die, marry, buy, leave, begin, start, put on, borr

27、ow等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。假如这类动词要和段时间连用，就必须转变成相应的表示延续性动作的词/短语。如：leave die buy put on borrow come begin/startbe away be dead have wear keep be in be on【例句辨析】I have bought the calculator for a week. I have woken up for 30 minutes. I have married her for 7 years. I have had the calculator for a

28、week. We got married 7 years ago.We have been married for 7 years.It has been 30 minutes since I wake up.【考题链接】1. For many years, people _ electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed ofC. dreamed of D. dream of2. So far this year we _

29、 a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 3. 她去上海了。区别：过去时不能告诉你如今，现完时可以告诉你如今的情况。 She went to Shanghai. She has gone to Shanghai. 今天早上我没看到那两只臭熊。 I didnt see the twins this morning. 不知道说话人如今是在上午还是。 I havent see the twins this morning. 说话人如今是在上午 影响 时间八、过去

30、完成时态的用法【概念】表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态，即过去的过去。句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。谓语构造：助动词had+动词的过去分词。【用法】1. 表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或继续持续下去。2. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“本来，未能。 3.否认句的谓语构造：助动词had not+过去分词。 4.一般疑问句：助动词had+主语+动词的过去分词。 肯定答复：Yes,主语+had. 否认答复：No,主

31、语+had not.【例句】Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. 睡觉之前，他工作了12小时。We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.我本来希望你能来，但是你却没来。【考题链接】I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone _ it. Was it you? A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do【即学即练】The manager is said to have arrived

32、back from Paris where he _ some European business partners.A. would meet B. is meeting C. meetsD. had met翻译：我住的那个宾馆不是特别好，但是我之前还住过更差的呢。The hotel in which I stayed wasnt very good but I had stayed in many worse hotels. 9 将来完成时：形式：。will have/has done。九大时态表十系动词和感官动词感官动词 1.Do you often hear John_in his r

33、oom?-yes.Listen!Now we can hear him_in his room.A sing;to sing B singing;singing C sing;singing D to sing;singing 2.I often see her _ in the park.A running B to run C runs D run 3. -Have you ever heard the song Welcome to Beijing? -Yes, it _ nice. A. hears B. sounds C. looks D. Listens 4. The girl&#

34、39;s voice sounds_. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up. A. sweet B. sweetly C. Beautifully D.beautiful 5. -What is Mum cooking in the kitchen? -Fish, I guess. How nice it _! A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 6.The table_ very smooth.光滑的A looks B turns C feels D smells 7.-Do yo

35、u like the shirt?-Yes,it _very soft.A felt B is feeling C is felt D feels 8.You _ very pale.苍白的A are sounding B are looking C are feeling D are seeing 9.These apples taste_.A to be good B to be well C well D good 10. -Which of those radios sounds _?-The smallest one. 09无锡A. good B. well C. better D.

36、 best 11. Grandma, you must feel _ after cleaning the house. Lets take a rest. 09淮安A. tired B. well C. good D. angry 12. The music in the supermarket sounded so _ that I wanted to leave at once. 09常州A. soft B. wonderful C. friendly D. noisy 13. In the Science Museum, the children felt _ to see so ma

37、ny _ things. 08镇江A.surprised; amazed B. surprising; amazing C. surprising; amazed D. surprised; amazing词汇：1. Don't get _patient about your personal trouble. 08无锡2. He seemed _friend at first, but now I've got to know him and I realize he's warmand kind. 08徐州3. The weather today becomes e

38、ven _bad. Why not take a raincoat with you? 08宿迁4. If someone doesn't show good manners to others, he or she is _polite. 08宿迁5. If you don't see the doctor at once, you'll get even _ill later on. 08泰州6. I like listening to light music. It can make me feel _relax 09镇江7. This question is v

39、ery _容易的. Every one of us can answer it. 09宿迁8. The illness can make you feel tired and _not strong 09宿迁9. The mother looked _angry at her naughty daughter. 09宿迁6 非谓语动词测试1. The island, to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to.A joining B to join C joined D having joined2. Sarah pretended to be c

40、heerful, nothing about the argument.A says B said C to say D saying3. While walk his dog in the park yesterday afternoon,Bob heard someone shouting for help in the distance.4. I am not interested in pop music,because I often have difficulty understand the words.to do的意义 语态：主动 to do 状态：未发生I want to g

41、o to visit my friend.She invited me to come.To catch the bus,he ran as fast as he can.目的状语doing的意义 语态：主动doing 状态：进展He finished reading the book yesterday The woman giving us oral lessons is from America. = The woman who gives us oral lessons is from America.Walking along the street,we found a purse

42、lying on the ground.=When we walked along the street,we found a purse lying on the ground.小测：To do PK doingHe is advised stop think of go abroad in these two years.done的意义 语态：被动 done 状态：已发生，完成A retired teacher is cleaning the fallen leaves at school. 完成一位退休老师在清理学校的落叶。 The terrified boy doesnt like f

43、ried chips. 被动这个被吓坏了的男孩不喜欢炸薯条。To do PK doing PK Done 1. havemake/let使役动词 sb. do sth.The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.2. have sb./sth, doing sth.The two men had their lights burning all night long.3. have sth. DoneThe driver had his car washed once a week.这个司机让他的车一周被洗一次状语从句的

44、简化例一：To finish my homework,I didn't sleep until 12 o'clock=I work until 12 o'clock for I was to finish my homework.例二：Knowing the answers,I felt very happy=When I knew the answers,I felt very happy. While standing in front of the teacher,Mary was nervous.=While Mary was standing in front

45、 of the teacher,she was nervous.例三：Seen from the hill,my home is smaller than a car=When it is seen from the hill,my home is smaller than a car. Given more time,we can do the work pleasantly=If we are given more time,we can do the work pleasantly.定语从句的简化1. I have a large family to support.= I have a

46、 large family that I need to support. He is a pleasant person to work with.=He is a pleasant person who we can work with.2. This is the factory making cars=This is the factory which/that made cars.3. We like the movie directed by Feng Xiaogang= We like the movie which is directed by Feng Xiaogang.to

47、 be doneTo be done PK Done The meeting yesterday was very important. hold PK The meeting tomorrow is very important.to do 动词不定式doing 1.动名词;2如今分词done过去分词主语To see is to believe/To play with fire is dangerousSeeing is believing/Playing with fire is dangerous1无宾语I want to eat applesI like eating apples1I have my hair cut宾补助谓I am to play basketball时态需要I am playing basketball时态需要I have eaten apples时态需要介宾无I am good at playing basketball1无定语I want something to drink.Th