郑航2012.12英语四级Model Test-03(答案)课件

1、C C E T2012年12月英语四级（十套模拟题答案）Model Test-03Part WritingNEET Group Phenomenon Nowadays, there are a considerable number of young people joining the NEET group. They have already been able to support themselves, but still rely on their parents to make a living. Why is there such a phenomenon? Maybe the

2、reasons can be listed as follows. First, those young people are mostly the only child of the family, and they are spoiled by their parents, lacking the spirit of independence. Secondly, the education they have received aims at helping them pass the examinations rather than giving them professional t

3、rainings, so they cannot find their advantages in the bitter competition of the job market. As far as I am concerned, the phenomenon of NEET group is a sign of social resource waste, and has to be removed with joint efforts. If the young people learn to respect their parents and attain more self-sup

4、porting skills, if the governments do more in creating new job opportunities and providing job-hunting instructions, the phenomenon of NEET group will one day disappear in China.点评开门见山，点明现在社会上存在"啃老族"现象。a number of意为"很多”，number可用large, considerable 等修饰。be able to do sth.意为“有能力做某事"

5、。rely on意为"依靠；依赖"。make a living意为"谋生；生存"。点评引出该段的内容，即分析这种现象产生的原因。as follows "如下文所示”, 是写作中引出下文的常用表达。only child意为"独生子女"。aim at意为"力求达”; 以为目标"。help sb. do sth.意为"帮助某人做某事"。rather than意为"而不是"，连接两个平行结构。find one's advantage in.意为"在中看到自

6、己的有利条件"。点评亮出自己的观点，此处用了 As far as I am concerned意为"在我看来"。a sign of意为"的迹象"。joint efforts意为"共同努力"。in表示"在方面”。if. if排比结构的使用增强了文章的气势。【增分表达】英文写作要注意段落内部展开的衔接性和段落之间、语句之间的过渡。第一段中，首句点明现象，第二句话紧接着对首句进行扩展。第二段中，前两句用why和reasons点明本段的中心是要分析原因。段中使用了first, secondly表示列举的词语对原因进行分层次

7、论述。其他表示增补的表达还有：furthermore, moreover, in addition, last but not least等。第三段用As far as I am concerned / In my opinion将笔锋转到论述自己的观点上来，接着用排比结构阐述了该段主题句中提到的joint efforts.Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)【结构分析】本文是一篇有关儿童肥胖症的说明文。第一部分作者首先概述了儿童肥胖症目前在社会上的增长趋势并解释了“肥胖”的概念；第二部分阐述了导致肥胖症的原因和容易引起肥胖的具体

8、因素；第三部分说明了肥胖对儿童健康的不利影响；最后第四部分讲述了肥胖症的防治。 【阅读障碍】文中出现了一些生词可能使阅读受阻，如sedendary、insulin、cholesterol、asthma、apnea、gallbladder等。然而，通过文中相关句子的解释或上下文语境，虽然不能得出它们的确切中义翻译，但是完全可以确定它们的概念范围。因此，它们不会影响对题目的解答。【解题】1. Overweight children are those whose BMI is over 85% of the weight group in their age and sex categories.

9、【关键信息】BMI ,over 85%【相关信息】文章第二段“Children are considered to be overweight if the BMI (Body Mass Index) is over 85% of the weight group in their age and sex categories.”【信息分析与对比】根据相关信息即得出该命题为正确命题Y.2. The educational system is positive in pnmioting exercise and healthy foods, according to the passage.【关

10、键信息】edue.ational system，positive in pmmuting exercise and healthy foods【相关fe总】第一个小标题下第一段“Neither the media nor the eduational system has strong wellfinanced programs that encourage healthy-alternatives, including exercise and healthy foods.”【信息分析与对比】该题目与相关信息不符. 故该命题为错误命题N.3. It is observed that chil

11、dren watching television one hour or less a day tend to be less likely to suffer from obesity.【关键信息】watching television, one hour or less a day【相关信息】第一个小标题下第二段“In one study obesity rales were lowest in children who watched television one hour or less a day and highest in those who watched four or mo

12、re hours.”【信息分析与对比】该题目是对相关信息的同义改写，故该命题为正确命题Y.4. The intake of sugar among children is an important contributor to childhood obesity.【关键信息】sugar, iinportant contributor【相关信息】第一个小标题下第三段“Sugar, particularly from soda, other sweetened beverages, and fruit juice, may be major contributors to childhood ob

13、esity.”【信息分析与对比】该题目与相关信息意思一致，所以是正确命题Y.5. In most cases, obese children tend to have parents suffering obesity, as environmental or genetic factors are the major reasons for childhood obesity.【关键信息】parents suffering obesity, environmental or genetic factors【相关信息】第一个小标题下第五段“Parental obesity more than

14、doubles the risk that a young child.The risk may be due to environmental or genetic factors, or both.”【信息分析与对比】题目意思与原文相关信息相符，故为正确命题Y.6. Infants with low birth weight may face a risk for obesity as they grow up into childhood and young adulthood.【关键信息】infants, low birth weight【相关信息】第一个小标题下第八段“Low bir

15、th weight is a risk factor for later obesity and diabetes.”【信息分析与对比】题目与原文内容相符，所以是正确命题Y.7. For obese children, achieving a healthy weight becomes more difficult as they get older, as the persistence is biological.【关键信息】achieving a healthy weight, difficult as they get older【相关信息】无 【信息分析与对比】文中没有提及该信息，

16、所以该命题为NG.8. Obese children and adolescents have poorer health, as they are reported to have unhealthy _.【关键信息】adolescents, poorer health【相关信息】第二个小标题下第一段“Studies are reporting unhealthy cholesterol levels and high blood pressure in obese children and adolescents.”【信息分析与对比】根据原文信息可得出答案: cholesterol lev

17、els and high blood pressure,9. It is suggested that reducing calories _ would prevent weight gain in most overweight children.【关键信息】reducing calories, prevent weight gain【相关信息】第三个小标题下第一段“Some evidence suggests that reducing calories by only 200 to 260 per day would prevent weight gain in most overwe

18、ight children.”【信息分析与对比】根据原文信息可以得出答案: by only 200 to 260 per day.10. The author believes that it does not help to criticize children for being overweight, as this may increase the risk for _.【关键信息】criticize children, increase the risk【相关信息】第三个小标题下第五段“Dont criticize a child for being overweight. It d

19、oes not help and such attitudes could put children at risk for eating disorders, which are equal or even greater dangers to health.”【信息分析与对比】根据原文信息可得出答案: eating disorders 【词汇学习与扩展】puberty n.青春期 disparity n.不同，不等sedentary adj.久坐的 insulin n.胰岛素apnea n.呼吸暂停 asthma n.（医）哮喘gallbladder n.胆囊【译文】儿童肥胖症儿童及青少年

20、肥胖症的患病率正呈现出令人担忧的上升趋势。目前6岁以上的孩子中有15%属于肥胖儿童。5岁甚至5岁以下的孩子患肥胖症的几率也在上升。 超重的孩子是指那些在他们的年龄和性别范畴内BMI超过重量群85%的孩子。如果BMI是95%或95%以上，就被认为是肥胖症儿童。青少年一般用成人的肥胖标准来衡量，虽然对他们而言还有别的考虑因素。种族差异、生长期突然发力的时机以及青春期较高的正常脂肪水平都会引起测量上的差异。儿童肥胖症的成因及容易引起肥胖的因素有关生活方式的因素。没有来自教育方面或者父母的引导，孩子们极易受到强势文化压力的影响，而这正是导致肥胖症流行的主要原因。不管是媒体，还是教育体系，都没有强有力的

21、项目来鼓励健康的选择，包括锻炼和健康的食物。具体的问题如下：过长时间地观看电视是导致儿童肥胖症的一个关键因素。一方面因为看电视让他们久坐不起，另一方而也因为电视上关于快餐、甜食和不健康小吃的广告带给他们无数的诱惑。一项研究表明，每天看一个小时或更少电视的孩子肥胖率最低，但是每天看四个小时或更长时间电视的孩子肥胖率最高。 糖，尤其是来自碳酸水，其他甜饮料和果汁的糖类，是导致儿童肥胖症的主要因素。一项研究表明经常喝碳酸饮料会让肥胖症的患病率增加60%。 久坐而很少做运动是导致儿童肥胖症的又一个重要因素。大量的身体锻炼活动，而不仅仅是消耗体能，对年轻人控制体重而言很重要。家族史。父母亲肥胖会使孩子日

22、后患肥胖症的几率加倍，不管孩子小的时候是瘦还是胖。对于年长一些的孩子和青少年而言，父母的肥胖对他们影响不是很大。这种风险可能源于环境或者基因的因素，或者二者兼有之。种族和社会经济方面的因素。与成年人的情况一样，来自较低社会经济群体以及少数民族人口的小孩更容易患肥胖症。例如，在墨西哥裔和非洲裔的年轻人当中，超重的几率增加了13%到23% 。围绕出生的因素。以下围绕出生的相关因素也与孩子日后的体重有关：出生体重低的孩子日后更容易患肥胖症和糖尿病。有种理论认为，人类有一种“节俭基因”，这种基因会在出生体重低的婴儿体内产生代谢变化。这种改变会影响胰岛素和脂肪积聚，以尽可能快地追赶体重。这种婴儿期的体重

23、迅速增长也增加了日后孩童期及青年期患肥胖症的风险。 在一项对非洲裔美国儿童的研究中发现，母亲怀孕时超重会增加孩子日后体童超重的风险，但是出生体重低并不影响。虽然有小型的研究报告称母乳喂养有助于预防肥胖症，但证据并不充足。比如在2003年的一项研究中，母乳喂养了3到5个月的孩子肥胖几率较低，但更长时间的喂养并没有效果。不过，考虑到母乳喂养的益处以及可能具有的哪怕一丁点的对于肥胖的预防作用，母乳喂养还是被极力提倡的。儿童肥胖症对健康的不利影响与其他孩子相比，肥胖儿童和青少年健康状况不佳。有研究报道肥胖儿童和青少年有高血压和胆固醇水平不健康的问题。最让人担忧的是年轻人群糖尿病患病率的大幅度增加，而这

24、在很大程度上缘于肥胖症的增加。儿童肥胖症也与哮喘、胆囊疾病、睡眠窒息以及肝脏畸形有关系。孩童期肥胖也是可能导致女孩过早发育的部分原因，而这会增加日后患乳腺癌的风险。目前还不清楚有多少种这类儿童期的疾病会持续影响到体重正常的成年人。超重的情况一直持续到成年当然会带来很多健康风险。超重及肥胖症的控制肥胖症最好是用非药物的、综合的疗法，包括饮食，行为修正以及锻炼。有证据表明每天减少200到260的卡路里摄入能防止超重儿童的体重再增加。这里给超重儿童一些建议：限制或避免（如果可能）外卖、快餐、含糖量高的食品以及各种碳酸和含糖饮料（包括太多果汁）。允许孩子吃零食，但要保证食品的健康性。少食多餐有助于痩身

25、并保持良好的胆固醇含量。吃多少由孩子自己决定。如果给他们大的饭量，他们就会吃得更多。不要因为孩子超重而批评他。这样做不但没有帮助，而且容易使孩子陷入饮食紊乱的危险，这样同样危害健康，甚至危害更大。限制看电视、玩游戏和使用电脑的时间，一周几个小时为宜。不考虑饮食和锻炼，只是这样做就对控制体重非常有益。对幼童而言，可以尝试“红绿灯”饮食。根据卡路里含量来指派食物：绿色放心吃（低热量）；黄色谨慎吃（中等热量）；红色禁止吃（高热量）。Part Listening ComprehensionSection A11. M: I am glad you suggested driving this way

26、today.W: Isnt it nice to have a change in our routine?Q: What do you learn from the womans response?C 对话中男士说“很高兴今天走这条线路”，女士说“难道改变一下我们平时的线路不好么？”因此，可以推断，他们平时是不走这条线路的。选C.12. M: How would you like to go to McDonalds for lunch?W: I dont mind going there, but there is something I hate - its too noisy insi

27、de especially during the weekends.Q: What does the woman say about lunch at McDonalds?B 对话中女士说“她不介意去麦当劳，不过有一点她不喜欢，就是里面太吵了，尤其是周末的时候。”选项B“她在抱怨里面太吵”是正确的。13. M: Darling, how do you feel about moving to San Francisco? Its so cold here.W: I couldnt agree with you more. And the children will have more fun.

28、Q: What do you learn from the conversation?C 对话中，男士建议去旧金山，因为这儿太冷了。女士说I couldnt agree with you more, 意为“我再同意不过了。”并且女士还补充说孩子们在旧金山会更开心。因此，选项C正确。14. W: Professor, have you graded my term paper yet?M: To tell you the truth, Ive been tied up in committee meetings all week.Q: What can be inferred about the

29、 paper?C 对话中，女士问教授是否给她的论文打分了，男士说Ive been tied up in committee meetings all week, be tied up意为“忙得脱不开身”，也就是说男士整个礼拜都在开会，没有时间去看她的论文。因此，C正确。15. W: Matthew wants to know if he can go with us to the party.M: Thats odd, this morning he said he wanted to go by himself.Q: What does the man mean?B 对话中，女士说“马修想知

30、道他能否和我们一块儿去参加聚会。”男士的回应是“太奇怪了，今早上他说他想一个人去呢。”因此，B“马修改变主意令他很吃惊”是正确的。16. W: If you are interested in gymnastics, the university has an outstanding team.M: I cant even climb the stairs without having to stop and catch my breath.Q: What does the man mean?C 对话中，女士对男士说，如果他对体操感兴趣的话，学校有一支非常棒的体操队。言外之意是他可以参加或者他

31、可以跟体操队学习。男士的回应是“我现在爬楼梯都得中途停下来喘气呢。”由此可以推断，练体操这一运动量远大于爬楼梯的运动对于男士来说强度太大了。因此，选项C“他没有练体操的体力”是正确的，in shape意为“处于良好的状态”。17. M: Arent you going to the concert in the park tonight?W: Even if I didnt have a paper to write Id rather spend an evening at school.Q: What does the woman imply?A 对话中，男士问女士是否去看今晚的音乐会，女

32、士回答说“就算我没有论文要写，我也宁可呆在学校。”由此可知，女士不喜欢音乐会。选项A“女士对音乐会不感兴趣”是正确的。18. W: I thought Paul might be able to help me figure out this computer program.M: Paul is about the last person Id ask if I were you.Q: What does the man imply about Paul?C 对话中，女士说“我想保罗也许能帮我弄明白这个电脑程序。”男士说“如果我是你的话，保罗是我会求助的最后一个人。”由此可知，男士认为保罗没

33、有这方面的能力。C“保罗对电脑不太精通”是正确的。Conversation One（注：划线部分提示了答案所在。后同。）M: Now, Madam, can you tell me exactly what happened?W: Yes, I think so. I was right here watching three.three? Yes, three children playing ball in front of the supermarket. Its a dangerous place for children to be playing. I wonder where t

34、heir parents are. Really! Some people!M: Yes, madam, go on.W: Anyway, a white Volkswagen came up on the right side of the street.M: Did you say a white Volkswagen?W: Uh-huh. There was a bus in front of it, but the bus turned right at the corner. And at the same time a truck came down the other side

35、of the street. What make was it? Uh. Let me think.M: Its not important. Just go on.W: Well, the Volkswagen stopped at the stop sign and then went on. Well, just at that moment, one of the children kicked the ball into the street and a little boy ran after it.M: So a boy ran into the street.W: He sur

36、e did and right in front of the car too. The driver of the car slammed on the brakes but he had to turn to the left. Thats how he ran into the truck. Uh. OK. There was an old lady standing near the bus stop. She saw the whole thing too. Why dont you ask her? Shell tell you the exact same thing.M: Do

37、nt worry, madam. Well talk to everyone, but which driver was to blame?W: Why, neither driver! It was the childs fault, clear and simple, coming out behind one parked car. I dont understand how parents can let their children play in such dangerous places. Really! Parents today! They shouldM: Thank yo

38、u, madam. You are very helpful. If we have any other questions, well be in touch.W: Youre welcome. But those parents should be put in jail. When I was.19. Where does the dialogue most probably take place?B 由对话可知，女士是在回忆一场事故的情况，该事故发生在路上。女士说“我当时正在这儿看三个小孩在超市前面玩球”，由here词可知，对话应该是在街上进行的。选项B符合。20. What has

39、happened?C 解题的关键句是女士所说的“Thats how he ran into the truck”，此句话中he指的是the driver of the car, 因此，可以判断是小汽车撞上了货车，选项C正确。21. According to the woman, what caused the accident?A 对话中，女士说，是一个男孩将球踢到了路上，一个小男孩去捡球，到了小汽车前面，从而导致小汽车司机急刹车并左拐，和货车相撞。因此，责任不在司机身上，而是在路边玩耍的孩子们身上。选项A “一个小男孩突然出现在小汽车的前面”是正确的。22. What does the wo

40、man think of parents today?C 对话中，女士刚开始谈论这次事故，就发出“I wonder where their parents are. Really! Some people!”的感叹。最后在谈论完事故之后，再次谴责小孩的父母：“I dont understand how parents can let their children play in such dangerous places. Really! Parents today!”女士是为一些父母没有尽到监护责任而导致交通事故表示自己的愤怒和感慨，选项C“现在的父母没有以前的父母有责任心”符合文意。Con

41、versation TwoM: Hey, Jane. Whats so interesting?W: What? Oh, hi, Tom. Im reading this fascinating article on the societies of the Ice Age.M: The Ice Age? There werent any societies then. Just a bunch of cave people.W: Thats what people used to think. But a new exhibit of the America Museum of Natura

42、l History showed Ice Age people were surprisingly advanced.M: Oh, really? In what ways?W: Well, Ice Age people were the inventors of language, art, and music as we know it. And they didnt live in caves; they built their own shelters.M: What did they use to build them? The cold weather would have kil

43、led off most of the trees so they couldnt have used wood.W: In some of the warmer climate, they did build the houses of wood. In other places, they used animal bones and skins or lived in natural stone shelters.M: How did they stay warm? Animal skin walls dont sound very sturdy.W: Well, it says here

44、 that in the early Ice Age, they often faced the house towards the south to take the advantage of the sun, a primitive sort of solar heating.M: Hey, thats pretty smart.W: Then people in the late Ice Age even insulated their homes by putting heated cobble stones on the floor.M: I guess I spoke too so

45、on. Can I read that magazine article after youre done? I think Im going to try to impress my anthropology teacher with my amazing knowledge of the Ice Age civilization.W: What a show off.23. What did the man think of the people in the Ice Age?A 对话中，当女士说她在看一篇有关冰河世纪的非常有趣的文章的时候，男士表现出了不屑，他说：“There weren

46、t any societies then. Just a bunch of cave people.”也就是说在他看来，冰河世纪的人类是cave people，是居住在山洞中的，选项A正确。24. How did people in the early Ice Age keep warm?D 对话中女士说，冰河世纪早期的人们为了取暖想出了非常聪明的办法：they often faced the house towards the south to take the advantage of the sun, 意为“将房屋朝南修建，利用太阳光”。选项D正确。25. What does the m

47、an want the woman to do?B 对话中男士说：“你看完那篇文章之后可以让我看看吗？”他是想用关于冰河时代的知识给人类学老师留下深刻的印象。选项B符合文意。Section BPassage OneToday school students in many countries have high rates of failing eyesight. Two methods have been proposed to prevent near-sightedness, one western and one Chinese. The western method was deve

48、loped by Mr. Bates, a British actor in the early part of the century. He trained people to relax very frequently during the period of intense reading. His method simply included covering the eyes with the palms of the hands and looking at distant objects by moving the eyes from side to side instead

49、of staring straight at them. They then encouraged school children to look frequently at the calendar on the wall of the classroom to relax their eyes. A famous British writer even wrote a book on the beneficial effects of the Bates method on his vision. The traditional Chinese method involves pressi

50、ng certain points around the eyes with the fingers. This also relaxes its excessive tension in the muscles. It is usually performed by a traditional Chinese doctor. But it can also be done by students themselves. Teachers and parents should encourage pupils to relax their eyes frequently when readin

51、g and studying.26. What was the profession of Mr. Bates?C 关于贝茨的职业，文章有很明确的说明，他是一位演员。27. According to Mr. Bates, what should people do to protect their eyesight?B 贝茨的方法是用手掌盖住眼睛，左右转动眼睛看远处的物体，不要目不转睛地盯着看。B符合文意。28. According to the speaker, what should teachers and parents encourage their pupils to do?D 文

52、章最后建议，老师和家长应该鼓励孩子们在看书和学习的时候多休息眼睛。D符合文意。Passage TwoOne of the most urgent problems in teaching handwriting is presented by the left-handed child. The traditional policy has been to attempt to induce all children to write with their right hands. Parents and teachers alike dislike the childs using his

53、left hand. On the other hand, psychologists have shown beyond a doubt that some people are naturally left-handed and that it is much more difficult for them to do any skillful act with the right hand than with the left hand. Some believe, furthermore, that to compel a left-handed child to write with

54、 his right hand may make him nervous and may cause stammering. There seems to be some cases in which this is true, although in the vast majority of children who change over, no ill-effects are noticed. In addition to these difficulties, left-handedness sometimes seems to cause mirror writing - writi

55、ng from right to left - and reversals in reading, as reading “was” for “saw”.29. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?C 短文的首句话就说明了文章的中心：教授书法中最迫切的问题。该问题由习惯用左手的孩子引起。30. What is the authors implication?B 通览全文，该文章是在讲述习惯用左手的孩子可能会遇到的困难：紧张、口吃，等等，因此作者在暗示这些孩子需要更多的关注，选项B正确。31. Whats

56、the possible result of the traditional policy in teaching handwriting?D 传统来讲，教授书法的时候老师要求孩子们都用右手写字，然而现实中有很多天生就是“左撇子”的人，老师要求用右手的做法给他们带来了很多的问题。D符合文意。Passage ThreeAdvertising as we know it today did not begin in the United States until after the Civil War. Before that, advertising had consisted mainly o

57、f small paragraphs in which a man simply stated what he wanted to sell. Later, Benjamin Franklin became known as the “Father of Advertising”, partly because he used the modern copywriting technique of emphasizing the rewards derived from using a product, rather than simply talking about the product

58、itself.The 19th century is also the period in which trademarks and slogans were born. Manufacturers often advertise a product by associating it with a symbol, often a person or an animal, known as a trademark; the trademark for a product may only be used by that particular company. For instance, the trademark of RCA Victor Company is a picture of an old, old record player with a dog listening to the record; it appears in most RCA ads and