外研版七上英语笔记知识点汇总

1、外延版七年级上册知识点汇总Starter Module 1I . Useful expressions:Good morning /afternoon Thank you my teacher my friend Miss ZhouI mMy mane'sHello ,class This is His /Her name isNice to meet you It s time to do sth See you tomorrow How are you?Fine ,thank you What s your name, please ?Can you spell it ,pleas

2、e ? Its time to go now .n .Grammars1. Hello 做感叹词，你好是答招呼语和问候的话，一般用于熟人和朋友之间，也可用于陌生人之间，语气比较随便，可单独使用，一方说hello 对方也用hello 来回答，也可加呼语，但用逗号分开。和它相近的用法有hi, hey . hello 也可用于引起注意常用在打电话时，相当于喂2. good morning 早上好。是人们在早上或上午见面时比较正式的问候语，答语仍为goodmorning . 在非正式的场合，如果是朋友家长或熟人之间见面可省略good , 只用 morning来互相问候。3. goodbye 用做感叹词

3、，再见！ 是英语里比较正式的告别用语。在实际生活中一般用于与陌生人或年长的人告别，它的缩略形式byebye 或 bye 可以用于比较随便的口语中，回答时只要重复一下即可。4. Miss 小姐，老师一般用于未婚女子的姓前Mrs 夫人一般用于已婚女子姓或丈夫姓氏前Mr 先生一般用于男子姓氏前Ms 小姐，女士一般用于不知道婚否的女子姓前，现在Ms 应用更广些。5. 中国人的名字译成英语时，习惯上按汉语拼音来拼写，姓在前，名在后，书写时姓和名分开写，而且二者的首字母要大写，若名字部分有两个字时，应连在一起写，只将第一个字母的首字母大写即可。Li Daming 如果是复姓也写在一起，只将第一个字母的首字

4、母大写即可。 Sima Qian 如果名字部分的第二个字是以元音字母开头的时候，一般要在两个字中间加 Li Li an 否则容易读成李连。6. how are you ? 是熟人见面时的问候语，通常是经过短暂时间之后再见面时表示问候，用于询问对方身体状况，通常用I m fine ,thanks ./Fine , thank you . /I m very well ./I m OK 等来回答。当别人用how are you ?来问候时，回答除了表示感谢，习惯上还要反问对方的身体状况。 可一用 Fine, thank you .And you ? 来回答，And you 相当于 And how

5、are you ?你也好吗？对方回答I m fine ,too .Thank you .7. thanks 做感叹词，谢谢，是一个礼貌用语，thanks 与 thank you 相同，但不如thank you正式。当别人帮助关心称赞或祝福我们时应该表示感谢。8. This is 是英语介绍他人时习惯上用的句型，也可以That is 但一般不用He/She is 从交际习惯上一般先把年轻人介绍给长者；先把地位低者介绍给尊者；在宾主之间，先介绍宾客；男女之间，先把男士介绍给女士。9. see you tomorrow 是非正式的告别语，常用在家庭成员内部，同学之间，好友之间。这句话的变体形式很多s

6、ee you see you next week see you later see you next Monday10. nice to meet you 初次见面经人介绍后，两人之间的问候语，可用nice to meet you（ too）来回答。也可用于双方好久未见，偶然相逢时的场合，表示一种高兴的心情。11. It s time to do sth 到了做某事的时间了It s time to have a rest .Starter Module 2. Useful expressions:Sit down stand up open the door/window draw a pi

7、cture how manyput up your hand close your book telephone numberMr Chen sput down your hand close the door/windowa new studentWhat's your number ?open your book listen to sbin Class 3.Grammars1. 祈使句：是英语的基本句型之一，表示说话人的叮嘱，劝告，请求或命令，祈使句一般没有主语，肯定结构都以动词原形开头。句末用感叹号或句号。朗读时用降调。祈使句的否定形式由Dont +动词原形构成，常用来表示劝告

8、建议。Don t open your book .Please 可以放在祈使句中也可以用在疑问句中，在祈使句中可以放在句首也可以放在句末，用于句末时，其前面要用逗号隔开，在疑问句中则只能放在句末，前面加逗号。Sit down please please sit down Can you spell it ,please ?2. 基数词：英语中表示数目或数量多少的数词。（一） 基数词的拼写：（ 1 ）1-12 的基数词是独立的单词，有其各自的形式。One ,two ,three, four, five, six, seven,eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve（2）

9、 13 19 的基数词以teen 结尾， 单词的两个音节重读。Thirteen, fourteen , fifteen, sixteen,seventeen, eighteen ,nineteen（3） 20-90 十位的整数都以ty 结尾， 单词的第一个音节重读。Twenty, thirty ,forty , fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty , ninety,（4） 21 99 之间的非正数须在十位与个位之间加连字符-.twenty- three（二 ）基数词的用法：( 1)基数词表示编号，要将基数词放在被修饰词之后，首字母都要大写。Unit Two(2) 基数词表

10、示电话号码，可单个读，重复的数字也可以用double .(3) 基数词表示年龄。He is twelve years old(4) 基数词表示时间6： 30 six thirty(5) 基数词表示数学式子。5+5=？ What s five and five ?3. 疑问词 what 和 grade class row team colour 等词一起连用用于提问年级，班级，排， 组，颜色等 . What class is he in ? Hes in Class 4 .4. How old +be +主语？用于询问年龄。用于熟人之间或长辈询问晚辈。陌生人之间一般不能直接询问年龄，尤其不能询问

11、女士的年龄5. 英语中先说小单位再说大单位所以先说班级后说学年。Im in Class Four ,Grade OneStarter Module 3I . Useful expressions:in Englishwrite it /them on the blackboard I dont know You re welcomeof course what s this in English ?how do you spell it ?Can you say that again please ?can you help me ? What colour is it ?n .Grammar

12、s1 .can 是情态动词，能，能够没有人称和数的变化，不能独立作谓语，必须与后面的动词一起构成谓语。含有情态动词的肯定句，大多数表示主语做某事的能力，变疑问句时，把can 提到句首即可。变否定句在can 后加 not .I can write in English . Can you see the picture ? Yrs ,I can . no, I can t .2 .want 想要 后接名词、代词、动名词。I want a pen . He doesn t want it .I want to sit down .3 .help sb (to) do sth =help sb wi

13、th sth 帮助某人做某事Can you help me (to) study my English ? Can you help me with my English ?4 .a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。A map按用于以元音音素开头的单词前。An apple5 . in +某种语言用某种语言What s this in English ?6 . what s this /that ? 答语用 It s .7 . no=not a /an /not any 修饰单数可数名词用not a /an 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词用notany8 .what colour is it ?询问某

14、物是什么颜色。答语用its +颜色Starter Module 4. Useful expressions:Write in /on your favourite day table tennis after school in spring on Sunday my birthdayin London good idea this afternoonmy everyday Englishwhat day play footballwhat day is it today ? It s Monday .what day is your favourite day ?what s the wea

15、ther like in Beijing in summer? What s your favourite sport?Let s go swimming on Wednesday .n .Grammars1. 关于星期的知识点A 书写星期几开头字母要大写。可以用完整形式，也可以用缩写形式，其缩写形式除星期四是前四个字母外，其他都是前三个字母，运用缩写形式是后面的点不能丢，Mon. Tue. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat. Sun.B 一周中的第一天是星期天，以此类推，一周中的最后一天是星期六。The first day of the week is Sunday . The las

16、t day of the week is Saturday .C. 星期前不用冠词。D 星期前用介词on . I don t go to school on Sunday .E. 询问星期几用what day . 答语 Its +星期几2.it 作代词时的其他用法。A 指代前面提到过的事物。The pen isn t Tom s . Its Jim s .B. 代替指示代词this /that . What s this ? Its a book .C. 指婴儿或不明身份的人。Whos the baby ? Its my son .Someone is knocking at the door

17、 ,who is it ?D. 指时间，距离长度，天气等。How far is it from your home to school ?It s sunny today .3. writein 把写在上多指写在书上或本子上writeon把写在上多指写在黑板、墙、地等上面You can write your name in the exercise bookDont write your name on the wall .4. favourite =like best 最喜欢 Sunday is my favourite day . I like Sunday best .5. what s

18、 the weather like in + 时间/地点= How is the weather in 时间/地点询问某时/某地天气what s the weather like in Shanghai ? = How is the weather in Shanghai?6. let s do sth 让我们做某事Let s go to school .7. play + 表示球类运动的名词，前不加冠词。I like playing football .Play+the + 表示乐器的名词前一定有冠词He often plays the piano after school .8. like

19、 doing sth 表示经常性的动作或状态。She likes eating apples .Like to do sth 表示一次性的动作Do you like to go to the zoo with me ?9. go +表示运动的动名词表示去做运动 go swimming go skating go boatingGo hiking go fishing go skiing10. on in atOn 用在具体的日期前on March 8 on one cold winter . on Sunday morningIn 用在年月，世纪，四季，或泛指一天的上午下午晚上等in the

20、morningAt 多用于表示具体部位钱和时刻前at half past six . at noonModule 1. Useful expressions:be fromyears oldfull namegiven namewhat about you ?the capital of China family name welcome tolast name first name middle name how old English nameWhere are you from ? good to see you.Grammars1. be from =come from +地点 来自,

21、是的人Where is he from ? Where does he come from ?He is from England. He comes from England . He is English .2. what about =how about 怎么样？常用来询问他人的情况，征求意见或提出建议。后接名词代词动名词。What about the car over there ? I m tired ,what about you ?My pen is black ,what about yours ? what about go swimming ?3. capital 首都，省

22、会，大写的Beijing is the capital of our country . The capital of Shandong is Jinan .This is a capital letter .4. given name =first name 名 family name = last name 姓In Chinese , the family name is the first and the given name is last .family name (last name)+ given name (first name)=Chinese nameIn English

23、,the given name is first and the family name is last .given name (first name)+ family name (last name)= English name5. welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到welcome to Class Two, Grade One .6. where +be +i语 + from ? 来自于哪？ Where are you from ?7. be动词的用法我用am,你用are , is连着他她它。单数名次用is ,复数名词全用are。变疑问往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定更容易，be后n

24、ot莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。8. 人称代词和物主代词人称代词：用来代替上文提到的人或物人称代词分主格和宾格，主格在句中作主语，宾格在句 中做宾语，用在动词和介词后。主格：I youhesheitweyouthey宾格：me youhimheritusyouthemWe are in Class One , Grade Two . Let me help him . he sits between her and us .物主代词：表示所有关系的代词，物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词只能用在名词前，名词性物主代词不修饰任何成分，单独使用。名词性物主代词

25、=形容词性物主代词+名词形容词性物主代词：my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词：mine yours his her its ours yours theirsMy coat is green ,what about yours (your coatModule 2I . Useful expressions:On the right of In front of At school for exampleon ones right in the photo at home family treeon the left ofbus stationa

26、t the same hospitala hotel manageronones leftbus drivernext to police stationfarm worker my family photoa photo of my familyn .Grammars1. 指示代词：用来指示或标识人或事物。this ,that , these , those .this these谈论离自己近的人或物时，that, those谈论离自己远的人或物时this that 是单数，these, those 是复数。当指示代词作主语构成一般疑问句时，当指示代词所指的事物已确定，后面指示代词指人时用h

27、e ,she ,they，来代替，指物时用 it, they来代替。Is this your bike ?Yes ,it is .Are these your grandparents ?Yrs ,they are .Is this your friend Tony ? Yes ,he is .2. 名词所有格。名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系，有两种形式，一种是s 一种是 of 所有格。A.通常在名词词尾加 's , 以s结尾的名词在 s后加'.Tom's pen Teachers'DayB 表示两者或两者以上共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加 s , 若表示分别拥

28、有则名词后分别加 s.Lily and Lucy s mother is a nurse .Tom s and Jims books are missing .C. of 所有格用来表示无生命的东西a map of China desks and chairs of our schoolD. 双重所有格形式一是of +名次所有格二是of +名词性物主代词。Hes a friend of my brother s .Is she a daughter of yours ?E. 表示店铺，医院，诊所，住宅的名称时，常在名词后加s 代表全称。At the doctor s .F. 不定代词someo

29、ne ,anyone 等和 else 连用 s 应加在 else 后， someone else sG. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命东西的名词也可以在词尾加s 或 构成所有格。todays newspaper three hours walk thirty tons weight China s capitalH. 用 to 也可以表示所有格。 “钥匙 答案 桥和路，出入口所有歌格用to”The key to the car the answer to the question the bridge to knowledgethe enterance to the theaterThe

30、 way to the school the exit to the building3. in front of 指在某一范围以外的前面反义词是behindin the front of 指在某一范围以内的前面反义词是at the back ofThe teacher is standing in the front of the classroom .Mary is standing in front of her car .4. 询问职业的句型。A. what +be + 主语？What s your mother ? She s is nurse .B. what do/does +主

31、语+do ?what does your brother do ?He s is a policeman .C. what s one s job ?what s your job ? I m a teacher .5. 动词 +r/er/or 构成名词manage manager teach teacherdrive driverclean cleaneract actorvisit-visitor5. policeman policewoman Englishman其复数将man,woman 变成 men womenwrite writerplay playerwork-workerinv

32、ent -inventorEnglishwoman Frenchman FrenchwomanMan woman 构成复合名词变为复数时，前后两个词都要变成复数。Woman doctor-women doctorsPolice 为警察，常与the 连用作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The police are coming .Module 3. Useful expressions:A lot of on the teacher s desk on the classroom desk a map of the world a map of England dining hall science

33、lab s ports hall how many in the middle of between andon everyones desk a map of Chinaon the left of classroom building school gateoffice buildingn .Grammars1 .There be 结构表示某地某时存在某人某物There be +某人/某物+某地/某时 There be 结构的主语a, There be 结构的 there 是引导词，无实义，其主语是be 后的名词或名词短语。且名词或名词 短 语 通 常 用 不 确 定 的 限 定 词 ，

34、如 a ,no , all 等 修 饰 。 也 不 用 确 定 的 限 定 词 the ,this ,that ,these ,those 等修饰。b, There be 结构的主语不能是人称代词，专有名词及被物主代词或名次所有格修饰的名词。误： There is China in the east of the world . there are their books on the desk .There are they under tree .c.若要说明被限定的某人某物在某处时，常用某人某物+be +地点Tom is in the room . There be 结构的谓语a, Th

35、ere be 结构的谓语是be ，它在人称数上应和后面的主语即名词保持一致，即主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is /was ,主语是复数时用are /were . 主语是两个或两个以上的名词时， be 的形式采取临近原则，即与离它最近的主语的数保持一致。There is a picture on the wall . there is an orange and apples in the basket .There is some water in the bottle . There are some bananas in the basket .b, There be 结构的谓语动词

36、有时不用be 而用其它动词，如live , stand , lie, seem 等使语言表达更生动。Long long ago , there lived a king . There be 结构的常见时态。一般现在时态。There is /are +名词一般过去时态There was /were + 名词一般将来时态There is going to /will be + 名词现在完成时态There has /have been +名词 There be 结构可与情态动词连用，表示推测。There must be no one in the room . There be 结构的句型转换。a

37、 , 若对主语提问，无论主语是单数还是复数都用whats +地点？There are some flowers in the garden . There is a book on the desk .What s in the garden ?What s on the desk ?b ,对修饰名词的数词或表示不确定数目的词提问，如果是可数名词用how many +名词复数+arethere +其它？如果是不可数名词用how much +不可数名词+is there +其它？There are some flowers in the garden . how many flowers are

38、 there in the garden ?There is a little milk in the glass . -how much milk is there in the milk ?There is a_cat in the room How many cats are there in the room ? 反义疑问句用 be not there . there be 与 have/has 区别a , There be与has /have都当有讲，但have表示所属关系，即持有，拥有，占有，而 there be 表示客观存在，不说明所有关系。 He has a pen .b .当

39、主语是物或时间名词时，而且表示整体与局部，两者可互换。The building has 6 floors .there are 6 floors in the building .A week has seven days .there are seven days in a week .c,在一般时态是，there 不能与have连用。2. in the tree 指外来物体在树上。 There is a bird in the tree .On the tree 指树木本身长出的叶子。果实等。 There are a lot of apples on the apple trees .In

40、 the wall指窗户钉子门洞孔等镶嵌入墙内。There is a hole in the wall .On the wall指地图画像等悬挂张贴于墙内。There is a clock on the wall .3.in the middle of 在中间 He is standing in the middle of the room .There is a lake in the middle .4 .between and 在和之间 put this box between the desk and the wall .5 .动词+ing 构成名词。Build building me

41、et meeting turn-turning6 .what's like ?是什么样子？指人时既可以指外貌特征又可以指人的品行特征。What's the weather like ? what's he like ?He's tall .he is clever .7 .a lot of =lots of许多的，大量的其后既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词当后面接可数名词时可以和 many互换，当后面接不可数名词时可以和much互换。We've got lots of oranges . (many) We ve got lots of milk .(mu

42、ch)8 . furniturefurniture属表总称的物质名词（也有的书称之为集合名词），没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用，含义上永远是单数。如：She furnished the apartment with modern furniture.她给那套公寓装配了现代家具。Many things, such as toys, furniture, and computers, are made of plastic.许多东西 如玩具、家具和电脑都是塑料做的。l.that ' s即使其前受到all, some等的修饰，也不能用复数。如：I ' veust bought s

43、ome new furniture. 我刚买了 些新家具。All the furniture was covered with dust.所有家具都落满了灰尘。2.若要表示 量”，可用 much, little, a little, a lot of, lots of 等修饰，但不能用 many, few, a few等修饰。如:The room had little furniture in it. 室内没什么家具。There is a lot of furniture in his living-room. 他的客厅里有很多家具。The room was small and contain

44、ed far too much furniture. 房间很小而家具实在太多。若要表示“数 ”可用 a piece of (article, item) of 等修饰。如：A desk is an article of furniture. 书桌是一件家具。Most people look on a television set as an essential piece of furniture. 多数人都把电视机看成 是必不可少的家具。3.若要表示 套家具”，可用a suite of修饰。如：That s a nicseuite of furniture. 那是一套漂亮的家具。Module

45、 4. Useful expressions:go shopping for something to eat /drink too muchmuch toobe good forbe bad forhow aboutall right too badwould likelots ofhealth fooda bit stay health get fateat well every morning a bottle of juice Its important to remember orange juice what kind of a western breakfast in the W

46、est eat well what kind ofn .Grammars1.Have /has got(1)Have /has got 表示某人拥有某物have got 句式中 have 有人称和数的变化，即当句子主语为第三人称单数时，用has got 形式。 I have got some apples . We have got some milk .He has got an orange .(2)如果表示某人没有某物则用haven't got ,hasn't got即在Have /has后力口 not构成否定形式。We haven t got any juice . s

47、he hasn t got any milk .(3) 如果要询问某人有某物吗？则把have/has 提到主语前。Have you got any carrots ? Yes, I have . / No, I haven t .Has he got a new pen? Yes, he has . / No, he hasn t .(4) there be 与 have/has 的区别A there be 句型表示存在即指某地/某时有某人/某物。There is a book on the desk .B. Have /has 表示人拥有，指某人拥有某物。是一种所有关系。I have got

48、 a cat . She has got some fruit .C. 当主语是物或时间名词时，而且表示整体与局部，两者可互换。The building has 6 floors . there are 6 floors in the building .A week has seven days . there are seven days in a week .2. some any 都表示一些，可用作形容词在句中修饰名词。A.Some 用于肯定句中，any 用于疑问句和否定句中。There are some people in the park . have you got any br

49、others?B. some any 即可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。Have you got any milk ? we have some books .C. some 可用于表请求邀请希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中。Would you like some water ?D. any 在表示 “任何 ”意义的时候，后面接单数可数名词You can buy this kind of books at any shop.3 .可数名词名词复数规则变化：( 1 )一般在词尾加s ,在清辅音后读/ z/ 在浊辅音和元音后读/iz/ maps bags(2)以x,s,ch,sh结尾的词在词尾力口

50、 es读/iZ watches foxes(3)以辅音字母+将y变成I再力口 es读/iZ citycities lady Tadies(4)以f,fe等结尾的名词变 f,fe,为iesi装I z/这样的词有：leaf,树口t half半shelf架子，wolf狼, thief 贼 scarf, 围巾 life 生命 , knif 小刀 wife 妻子 “树叶落到架上半边黄， 妻子围上围巾拿刀去砍狼，吓得小偷逃命忙”不规则变化：( 1 )特殊形式：man-men woman- women child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice(2)单复数

51、形式相同Japanese Chinese deer sheep fish(3)关于某国人变复数：中日不变，英法变，其余 S加后面Chinese-ChineseEnglishwoman-EnglishwomenCanadian- CanadianJapanese-Japanese American-Americans German-Germans(4)以。结尾的名词有些加 es.如：Negro-黑人 hero-英雄 tomato-西红柿“ 黑人英雄爱吃西红柿土豆” 其它一般都加S Zoo- photo- radio-Frenchman-FrenchmenAustralian- Australia

52、npotato-土豆(5)复合前面是man,woman 变复数时，构成复合名词的两个额名词都变成复数形式，如果其他次变复数只需把后面的名词变成复数形式。man teacher men teachers apple treeapple trees4 . 不可数名词。(1)概述：不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数目来计算没有词形变化，不能直接用a,an 或数词修饰，词尾不能加s ,作主语时，谓语动词用单数。news information rice(2) 不可数名词量的表达A 可用 much, little, a little, a lot of, lots of a bit of .等修饰， 但

53、不能用many, few, a few 等修饰。Some breadB 数词或冠词+量词+of + 不可数名词量词可以是单数，也可以是复数，但of 后的不可数名词只能是原形。A piece of paper some pieces of information说明：可数名词表达量时也可以用此种表达，但要注意可数名词的数。A basket of apples two boxes of eggs5.food 在大多数情况下做不可数名词，但有时也可用作可数名词。( 1 ) food 做食物粮食(与饮料相对的)食品讲时用作不可数名词。Food and drink 饮食(注意中英文词序的不同)we li

54、ke Chinese food very much .let s go to buy some food .(2) 当表示特定种类的食物时，food 做可数名词，其复试形式foods。A favourite food 最喜欢的一种食物frozen foods 冷冻食品(3) 食品类的不可数名词有：meat，beef，pork， chicken fish , rice6. drink 的用法( 1)当饮料讲时是不可数名词。Have you got any drink ?(2) drink 指不同类别的的饮料时，为可数名词。Juice ,water and milk are healthy dri

55、nks .(3) drink 还可指一杯饮料，或一份饮料Let s have a drink . please give me a cold drink .(4)用作及物动词意为喝。 You should drink more hot water.(5)用作不及物动词意为喝酒，不需要再加宾语。My uncle doesn t drink .Lets drink to your health .6 6) drink 类的不可数名词有juice, milk , orange , water , tea .coffee7 .candy 既是可数名词又是不可数名词。Candy 做不可数名词意为糖果，做

56、可数名词意为一块糖，candy常用于美式英语，英式英语常用sweet表示糖果，sugar泛指糖，是不可数名词。I like to eat candy very much .we ve got a bag of candies .8 Fruit 水果用来指水果的总称时，是不可数名词，指水果的种类或个别水果时，是可数名词。Do you like fruit ? I like to eat apples ,bananas and other fruits .9 .chicken 是鸡肉时为不可数名词，表示小鸡时则为可数名词。Chicken is health food , I like eating it . we can see some chickens on the farm .10 .choco