初中数词教案

1、学科：英语任课教师：李悦授课时间：2016年3月11日 星期五数词的讲解与专练 知识目标：理解数词概念及用法能力目标：掌握常见数词的表达法情感目标：培养学生生活中时时处处用数词自然性，习惯性重点：基数词，序数词，分数难点：基数词*$化为序数词，分数的构成 教学方法：对比，归纳演绎，游戏，多媒体呈现九（十）班共有学生30人，从整体来说，这班学生的学习积极性还是比较差的， 与上一学年比较学习风气有了明显的好转， 学习的兴趣浓了，学习的主动性增强了 但整体现象比较严重，学生们的综合实力不太强。本节课主要是针对数词进行教学，首先引导学生深入课题 -数词，然后通过问答, 举例使学生理解数词概念及其用法，

2、并引导学生总结基数词变序数词的规律，接下设 计 来通过习题练习掌握，最后通过互动游戏提高学生学习数词的积极性，在课堂将要结束时发给练习习题。学 法 教师通过媒体呈现引导学生上板默写，组织讨论，认识规律，掌握学习新知识的方 设 计 法和途径，最后通过练习掌握所学内容。针对性授课数词讲解数词分为基数词和序数词两种，一、基数词的十个用法一)基数词的读法。1)1-10 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten2)11-19: 词 尾力口-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eig

3、hteen nineteen 其中 eleven , twelve , thirteen , fifteen , eighteen 为特殊形式3)几十词尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 其中 twenty , thirty, forty , fifty , eighty 为特殊形式4)21-99:在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.21- twenty-one 99-ninety-nine5)101-999 :百位数与十位数之间要加 and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.101-one hundred and one

4、238-two hundred and thirty-eight320 three hundred and twenty6)1000以上的数：先将数字从右往左数，每三位数用一个逗号隔开，从右往左第一个逗号表 示“千”读thousand第二个逗号表示“百万”读 million第三个逗号表示“十亿”读billion 且hundred, thousand, million 等用单数形式。注意，百位数hundred与十位数(或 个位数)之间要用and连接。十位数与个位数之间要用连字符号“-"，如：52, 368 读作：fifty-two thousand, three hundred and

5、 sixty-eight.18,657,421eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred and twenty-one.2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion , two hundred and thirty-seven million , one hundred

6、 and sixty-six thousand , two hundred and thirty-four注意：基数词表计量大于1时，它所修饰的名词要用复数形式。 如：two bottles of water （两瓶水）；three boxes of apples（ 三箱苹果）。三）基数词表番号（编号）注意：编号的事物如果数字较大，一般用基数词表达，且放在编号的事物名词之后。如：Middle School （102中学）;Room 206 （206 房间）第 207 房间：Room 207如果编号的事物数字不大，也可用序数词表达，但它应放在编号名词之前。如：the firstlesson （

7、第一课） 第五课： Lesson 5 = the fifth lesson四）基数词表时刻注意：英语时刻表达法有两种：一种是直接读数字，整点：基数词+ o ' clock （可以省略o' clock ）几点几分：直接表达法：先说钟点数，后说分钟数间接表达法：先说分钟数，后说钟点数，中间要用 past或to连接。即：130分 钟（含30分钟）用“分钟数+past+钟点数” ；3159分钟用“ （60-分钟数）+to +下一个钟点 数”。如：4:20 four twenty 或 twenty past four 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past thr

8、ee5:45 five forty-five或 fifteen to six或 a quarter to six3:35 twenty-five （minutes） to four以小时、分钟为单位分别读出数字。6:31 读作 six thirty-one 14:03 读作 fourteen o three 18:30 读作 eighteen thirty10:2616:1523:55读作 ten twenty-six读作 sixteen fifteen读作 twenty-three fifty-five注：时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法，这样就不需要用.表示上午，.表示下午了。 五）基

9、数词复数表岁数或年代注意：表示“几十”的基数词的复数形式，可用来表示某人的大概岁数或年代。世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世纪century表示，也可以用定冠词加百位进数加s表示the sixth （6th） century 公元六世纪the eighteenth （18th） century 公元十八世纪the 1900s二十世纪the 1600s十七世纪这里，用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成in the 1930s（in the thirties of the twentieth century 或 in the n

10、ineteen thirties ）在二十世纪三十年代in the 1860's（in the sixties of the 19th century或 in the eighteen sixties ）在十九世纪六十年代My uncle went to England in his twenties.我叔叔在 20 多岁时去了英国。He became a professor in his thirties .It was in the 1960s.那是在二十世纪六十年代。These eggs were found in the Gobi Desert by a group of sc

11、ientists in the 1920s.这些恐龙蛋是20世纪20年代由一群科学家在戈壁沙漠发现的。六）含基数词的复合形容词注意：“基数词+名词（+形容词）”构成的复合形容词作定语时，其中的名词用单数形式。如：two-week holiday两周的假；an eighteen-meter-wide street 一条 18 米宽的街道但注意它与名词所有格形式作定语的区别。如：Howfar is it from your home to yourschool? Its about ten minutes ' walk.从你家到到学校多远 达约十分钟路程。七）基数词与“多少又一半”的表达注

12、意：“多少又一半”的表达有种方法：一种是“数词 +n.（单数或复数）+and a half ” ； 另一种是“数词+and a half +n. 复数”。如：“两个半月”可译为：two months and a half 或 two and a half months八）hundred, thousand, million等表示大约数与确切数的区别注意：基数词表示具体数目时，hundred, thousand, million 用单数形式。但在表示“数 百”、“数千”、“数百万”等不确切数目时，hundred, thousand, million 要用复数形式，且后接“of +名词复数”。如：

13、1. There are nine hundred and forty-seven students in our school.我校有 947个学生。2. Thousands of students come to visit the Museumof Natural History every year.每年有数千学生来参观这个自然历史博物院。九）年月日表示法月日，年日月年（the +序数词+of +月，年）注：年份的读法：日用序数词，读日时要加the。月用英语单词，年用基数词。先读前两 位数,再读后两位数.1949 年 10 月 1 日：October the first , ninet

14、een forty-nine=the first of October, nineteen forty-nine2007 年 3 月 21 日-the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.2000 年：the year two thousand = twenty hundred2001 年：twenty o one3. 月 1 日：March the first = the first of MarchA.年份用基数词表示，一般写为阿拉伯数字，读时可以以hundred为单位，也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读。1949 读作 ninetee

15、n hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine1800 读作 eighteen hundred253 读作 two hundred and fifty-three 或 two fifty-three1902 读作 nineteen hundred and two 或 nineteen o two表示在哪一年，一般在年、月前加介词in ,使用year时，year放在数词之前。日期前用on,时刻前用at.in the year two fifty-three .在公元前 253 年但是，通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯数字。B.月份，在哪个月用介词in加

16、第一个字母大写的月份词表示。例如：in May在五月；in July 在七月。为了简便起见，月份与日期连用时，月份常用缩写形式表示。缩写形式除May,June, July外，其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示，但September除外。JanuaryJan. 一月 FebruaryFeb. 二月MarchMar.三月 AprilApr.四月AugustAug.八月SeptemberSept.九月OctoberOct.十月Novembe-Nov. HDecembe-Dec.十二月注：这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略，因为它是表示缩写形式的符号。C.日期用定冠词the加序数词表示。在哪一天要添加介词on。

17、National Day is on Oct. 1.国庆节是十月一日。（读作 October first ）此句也可以表示为 National Day is on the 1st of October .May 5五月五日（读作 May fifth ）也可以表示为the fifth （5th） of MayMar. 1 （st） 三月一日（读作 March first 或 the first of March ）十）基数词和某些单数名词构成复合形容词，它在句中只能做定语，但在数词和名词之间要 用连字符，如有形容词，也要用连字符。A six-year-old girl a five-foot-d

18、eep holeAn eight-hundred-meter-long bridgeA two-thousand-word report十一）表示一些数学公式时用基数词2+4 two plus four is （makes） six.6-3 six minus three5 x 7 five times seven8+2 eight divided by two等号读 equals, makes, is, is equal to 等。小数点读 point 十二）倍数表达法一倍用once,两倍用twice,三以上的倍数用timesThe room is twice as large as tha

19、t one.The earth is 49times the size of the moon.十三）基数词的句法功能基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。The two happily opened the box 。两个人高兴地打开了盒子。（作主语）I need three altogether .我总共需要三个。（作宾语）Four students are playing volleyball outside.四个学生在外面打排球。（作定语）We are sixteen .我们是16个人。（作表语）They three tried to finish the task befo

20、re sunset他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务。（作同位语）二、序数词的四个用法一）序数词的构成及基本用法。A.从第一至第十九其中，one first, two second , three third , five fifth , eight eighth ,nine ninth , twelve twelfth为特殊形式，其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加 “th” 构成。例如： six sixth 、nineteen nineteenth .B.从第二十至第九十九整数第几十的形式由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i ,再加“eth”构成。twenty 上连字符twentieth

21、 thirtythirtieth“”和个位序数词形式一起表示。表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词形式加fifty-sixth ninety-ninth第五十六第九十九thirty-first第三 H一seventy-third第七十三C.第一百以上的多位序数词由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hundred and twenty-first第一百二 Hone thousand , three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十D.序数词的缩写形式有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有first1st second2nd third 3rdfour

22、th4th sixth6thtwentieth 20thtwenty-third23rd其中lst , 2nd, 3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。注意：序数词一般以与之相应的基数词后加-th构成，少数几个需特别记忆。为方便大家记忆，请看下面口诀。基变序，有规律，first, second, third要牢记；其它变化有公式，基数词尾加-th;eight 去 t , nine 去 e , ve 贝以 f 替；从 twenty, thirty至U ninety, 需变 y 为 ie;若是遇到“几十几”，只变个位就可以。另外，注意：序数词前要加定冠词the,在句中作定语放在所修饰的

23、名词前。如：December is the twelfth month of the year.十二月是一年中的第 12 个月。二）序数词与冠词a/an连用。注意：序数词前加不定冠词 a/an,表示“又一”、“再一”的意思。如：Please try it a second time.请再试试。Why not try a fourth time?但基数词与more连用，并放在more前，表示“另外有"、“还有”的意思。如：I ' ll take one more （=another） pencil.我还要一支铅笔。 We ' ve just started! There

24、were twenty more trees to be planted!我们才刚开始呢！还有20棵树要栽呢！三）分数的表达法。注意：分数以基数词和序数词合成的。分子用基数表示，分母用序数词表示，分子大于1,分母要用复数（-s）。如：1/2 二分之一 a half 1/3（ 三分之一）：one third 2/3 :two thirds 分子与分母 之间不用连字符，含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语eg. 1） One third of the students are girls.2 ） One third of the milk is mine.3 ） Three quarters （

25、3/4） of the workers are young.分数的特殊形式：1）one third = a third2）one fourth = a quarter three fourths = three quarters3）one second = a half4）one and a half hours四）序数词的句法功能序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。The second is what I really need .第二个是我真正需要的。（作主语）He choose the second .他挑选了第二个。（作宾语）We are to carry out the firs

26、t plan.我们将执行第一个计划。（作定语）She is the second in our class .在我们班她是第二名。（作表语）五）其他特殊用法1.数词前加every ,表示每/每隔every ten days =every ninth day 每十天（每隔九天）注:every +基数词+复数名词=every + （ 序数词-1） +单数名词几个半的表达法：基数词+ and + a half + 名词复数=基数词+名词（单数/复数）+and +a halftwo and a half hours = two hours and a half2、序数词前通常应有定冠词the,除非序数

27、词前有了物主代词，指示代词或其它修饰语，以及做表语时才能省略定冠词。3、年龄表示法：(1)、基数词(+years old )(2)、at the age of + 基数词(3)、a + 基数词-year-old + 名词(4)、of + 基数词 (+ years )When she was 11,she began to work.at the age of 14a 54-year-old mana boy of 14 (years)课堂检测数词专题训练【基础题】()1. There are days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. thre

28、e hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five()2. There are students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six()3.people visit this museum every day.A. Hundred B. H

29、undreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of()4. There are two people in the meeting room.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of()5. Every year watch NBA on TV.A. million people B. millions of peopleC. millions people D. million of people()6.trees have been planted in our school in the past 10

30、years.A. Thousands of B. Two thousandsC. Thousand of D. Two thousand of()7. Look! There are in the sky.A. thousand stars B. thousand of starsC. thousands of stars D. thousands of star()8. My brother is in.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, gr

31、ade one()9. We are going to learn this term.A. book six B. six book C. the book six D. Book Six()10. Please turn to. Let's read the text aloud.A. Page Two B. the page two C. second page D. page second【提高题】I.选择题1. There are days in a year.A. three hundred and sixty-five B. three hundred sixty fiv

32、eC. three hundreds sixty-five D. three hundreds and sixty-five2. Oh, it's . Let's go to school together.A. the quarter to eight B. a quarter to eight C. seven forty-five minutes D. forty-five past seven3. School usually begins on.A. the first of September B. the first, September C. September

33、 One D. September, the first4. The Olympic Games will be held in Australia in.A. 2,000 year B. the year 2,000 C. the 2,000 D. the year of 2,0005. I'm afraid of the story is not so interesting.A. the part two B. second part C. the second part D. part second6. 一 Which room are you staying in? .A.

34、The Room 301 B. 301 Room C. Room 301st D. Room 3017. 一 How many typewriters do you need?-I need.A. three ones B. three C. the three D. them three8. About said that they enjoyed those books very much.A. four fifths students B. four fifth of the studentsC. four fifths of students D. four fifths of the

35、 students9. 一 How much does the parcel weigh? Just a minute. I'll weigh it. It weighs.A. one and half a kilogramB. one and a half kilogramC. one kilogram and halfD. one kilogram and a half10. 一 How soon will you finish typing the letter?A. one or two minute B. one minute or two C. a minute or tw

36、o D. a or two minutes11. We'll spend the summer holidays in the mountain miles away.A. several hundreds B. hundreds of C. several hundred of D. hundred of12. 一 He must be. Yes, he's still strong like a young man.A. in his sixties B. in his sixty C. over sixties D. sixty-year-old13. As custom

37、er of the supermarket, Mr Li was given a nice present.A. a thousand B. the thousandth C. the thousands D. thousandth14. Three students of our class have been chosen the top students of the year. And I am oneof .A. three B. the three C. third D. the third15. 一 Have you found the six coins you lost ye

38、sterday?-I have found, but I can't find . A. five, the sixth B. five, six C. fifths, sixD. fifth, sixth16. Next Sunday will be Jane's .A. thirty-ninth B. thirtieth-ninth C. thirtieth-nine D. thirty-nine17. We'll have to enter the stadium at . .A. the Gate Four B. Gate Four C. Fourth Gate

39、 D. Gate Fourth18. My daughter likes to ask questions about anything she sees.A. six-years-old B. six years old C. six-year-old D. six-year old19. 一What's on ？ Sorry, I don't know. Why not look it up in TV Guide?A. Channel 20 B. 20 Channel C. Channel 20th D. 20th Channel 20. The Yellow River

40、 is _ longest river in China.A. two B. the two C. the second D. second21. We have two computer rooms. Still we are going to build one.A. the third B. a third C. three D. the three22. Angel knows a lot about China as she has been to ChinaA. for the fourth time B. four times C. a fourth time D. for fo

41、ur times23. In the past, Shanghai has changed a lot.A. three years B. third year C. three-year D. third-year 24. A cent is of a dollar.A. the hundredth B. one hundredth C. a hundred D. the hundred25. To my surprise, the machine was invented by a high school student of.A. fifteen-year-old B. fifteen

42、C. fifteen-year age D. age of fifteen not always best.A. Fist, the B. A first, a C. The first, the D. First, / 27. The store sells dresses a month.A. several thousand B. several thousands C. several of thousand D. several thousand28. Over pounds have been raised for the poor children there.A. four million B. four million of C. four millions D. four millions of 29. What work are you going to give ?A. us two B. two us C. the two us D. the us two30. She received a video camera for her birthday.A. fourteen B. the fourteenth C. fourteenth D.