公路工程相关规范中的英文术语

1、公路工程相关规范中的英文术语公路工程技术标准Technical Standard of Highway Engineering公路改扩建highway reconstruction & extension公路功能highway function设计速度design speed运行速度operating speed限制速度posted speed limit设计车辆design vehicle设计通行能力design traffic capacity服务水平level of service避险车道evacuation / escape lane硬路肩hard shoulder设计使用年限

2、design working/service life电子不停车收费electronic toll collection公路隧道设计规范Code for Design of Road Tunnel公路隧道road tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel岩石质量指标Rock Quality Designation(RQD)岩体分级rock mass classification环境调查environmental survey水文调查hydrological survey地质调查geological survey隧道涌水water inflow into tunnel荷载load围岩压

3、力surrounding rock pressure偏压unsymmetrical pressure松散压力loosening pressure新奥法NATM(New Austrian Tunneling Method)净空断面（内轮廓）inner section洞门portal衬砌lining仰拱invert小净距隧道neighborhood tunnel连拱隧道multi-arch tunnel竖井vertical shaft斜井incline/inclined shaft横通道horizontal adit超前导坑advancing drift通风ventilation照明lightin

4、g公路隧道设计规范第二册 交通工程与附属设施Specifications for Design of Highway TunnelsSection 2 Traffic Engineering and Affiliated Facilities电光标志electric sign逆光照明counter-beam lighting光学长隧道optically long tunnels区域控制单元local controller公路隧道设计细则Guidelines for Design of Highway Tunnel水下隧道underwater tunnel钻爆隧道drilling and bla

5、sting tunnel盾构隧道shield tunnel沉管隧道immersed tube tunnel隧道建筑限界tunnel construction clearance隧道净空断面tunnel cross-section偏压隧道tunnel under unsymmetrical pressure浅埋隧道shallow tunnel深埋隧道deep tunnel软弱围岩soft rock隧道群tunnel group紧急停车带emergency parking strip车行横洞adit for vehicle passing人行横洞adit for people passing分离式

6、隧道separated tunnel分岔隧道branch tunnel整体式衬砌monolithic lining喷锚支护shotcrete and rockbolts supporting复合式衬砌composite lining明洞open-cut tunnel棚洞hangar tunnel斜井inclined shaft竖井vertical shaft围岩基本质量指标rock basic quality index围岩修正质量指标rock modified quality index形变压力deformed pressure初始应力initial stress开挖效应excavation

7、 effect承载拱load-bearing arch承载能力bearing capacity端墙式洞门end-wall tunnel portal翼墙式洞门wing-wall tunnel portal明洞式洞门open-cut tunnel portal高地应力high geostress超前支护pre-supporting超前帷幕注浆advanced curtain grouting井点降水dewatering注浆grouting预设计pre-design动态设计dynamic design超前地质预报advanced geological forecast监控量测monitoring

8、measurement隧道防水tunnel waterproof隧道排水tunnel drainage通风构造物ventilation structure施工辅助通道construction subsidiary channel公路隧道施工技术规范Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Tunnel光面爆破smooth blasting全断面法full face excavation method正台阶法bench cut method环形开挖预留核心土法ring cut method中隔壁法（ CD 法）center diag

9、ram method交叉中隔壁法（CRD法）center cross diagram method双侧壁导坑法both side drift method干喷dry shotcrete初喷first shotcrete （application of first shotcrete）复喷subsequent shotcrete (application of subsequent shotcrete)喷锚支护shotcrete and rock bolt support超前支护advanced support管棚pipe-roof protection小导管预注浆small pipe-roof

10、 protection超前锚杆pioneer rock bolt钢架steel frame / beam support中岩墙wall of rock in neighborhood tunnel监控量测monitoring measurement岩爆rock burst超前地质预报geological prediction瓦斯gas瓦斯浓度gas concentration公路隧道施工技术细则Technical Guidelines for Construction of Highway Tunnel中导洞法center drift excavation method湿喷wet shotcrete预注浆pioneer grouting全封闭注浆full-closed grouting模板台车form jumbo隧道防水隔离层layer of anti-water防水混凝土waterproof concrete百米平均漏风率average air leakage rate 100 meter公路隧道交通