夫子庙英文简介

1、南京夫子庙简介英文考试版2008-07-05Confuciusk?讦uJ?s孔子templetempl寺庙&theQinhuairiverscenicsi:n照光area?ri?地带孔庙和秦淮河风光带1:TheConfuciustemple,locatedloUkeitid位于attheQinhuaiRiverscenicsi:nik风景的area,孔庙位于秦淮河风光带2:isawell-knowntouristtu:rist旅游者resortri鱼at常去度假的地方oftheancientcapitalNanjing.她是古都南京闻名的旅游度假地。3theriverbanksofQi

2、nhuaiareknownforConfuciusTemple秦淮河因孔庙而闻名。4andjointlyd3intli连带地calledtheConfuciustemplearea.因此也叫夫子庙地区。5theConfuciustempleisnodoubtdaut怀疑themostfamous.孔庙无疑是最著名的6Thetempleistheplaceforpeopletopayworshipw?:Jp崇拜toConfucius.庙是供人们崇拜孔子的地方7:TheConfuciustemplehereinNanjingwasfirstbuiltin1034孔庙在南京第一次建于1034。8an

3、drebuiltri:blt重建in1986重建于1986年9Thetempleweoftenmentionedmen?n提出shouldincludeinklu:d包括threearchitecturala:kitekt?r?建筑complexeskmpleks群，综合体:我们常提的孔庙应该包括三个建筑群：10thetempleofConfuciuswiththehallofgreatachievements?:jfvm?nt大成asthemainmein主要的body,孔庙及主体建筑大成殿11thepalacep?lis宫殿oflearningandtheimperialimpi?ri?l

4、帝国examinationigz?mi?nei?n考试center.学宫和国家考试中心。12Asearlyasin337A.D.&i:公元,早在公元337年13butatthattimetherewasonlythepalacep?lis宫殿oflearningwithouttheConfuciustemple.那时仅有学宫，没有孔庙。14Thetemplewasbuiltupandextendedikstendid扩大onthebasisbeisis基础ofthepalaceoflearninguntil1034.直到1034年孔庙才在学宫的基础上建立和扩大起来15TheConfuc

5、iustemplecomplexkmpleks复杂coversk加？包括thepanp?n畔poolpu:l池,screenskri:n屏，照壁wall,thegatewaygeitwei通道ofallscholarssk3泮生，有文化,孔庙综合包括：泮池、照壁、天下文枢坊、16juxing聚星pavilionp?vilj?n亭,Kuixing魁星pavilion,LingxingM星gate,聚星亭、魁星亭、根星门。17thehallofgreatachievements?,tjfvm?nt达成andthegateetc=etcetera等等et?set?r?.大成殿和大成门等等。18Ast

6、heconfuciustempleinqufu,Shandongprovince在山东省曲阜的孔庙19isbuiltbythesideofthepanriver,是建在泮水之滨的20allthetemplesofConfuciusinthecountry所有全国的孔庙21arebuiltattheriverside都建在河边22andthewaterinfrontofConfuciustempleiscalledpanpool.孔庙前面的水叫泮池。23AndthishasbecomeacustomkVst?m，惯例throughfru:在期间longusageju:sid3,惯用法这形成了长期

7、的惯例。24thisconfucirstemplemakesthenaturalstreamstri:m流动oftheQinhuairiverasitspanpool,这里的夫子庙把秦淮河流动的水作为它的泮池25whichisalsocalledthepoolofcrescentkresnt新月moonbythelocallouk?l当地people.当地的人们把它叫着月牙池26Standingatthesouthernbankofthepanpoolisthescreenskrin屏wall,泮池南边站立的是照壁27whichis110meterslongand10metershigh.它1

8、10米长，10米高28itranksr?叫k最高,点topamongallthescreenwallsacross?%ras遍布各地thecounty.它位于全国所有照壁之冠29Thewallwasbuiltin1575andnewlyrenovatedren?,veit重做in1984.这个照壁建于1575年，近来重建于1984年30thefunctionfA水力功能ofthewall照壁的功能31wastoindicateindikeit表明thattheconfucirs?learningwastooprofoundpr?faund渊博tobeunderstoodbycommonkm?n

9、普通folks.fouk民众是表明孔子渊博的学问被普通百姓所接受32Anotherfunctionwastocoverup遮挡themainbuildingofthetemple,另一功能是遮挡住寺庙的主体建筑33soasto以便givepeopleanimpression.imprefnER象ofitsgrandeur?gr?nd3辉煌andmagnificencem?g?nifisns庄严以便给人们一个它辉煌而庄严的印象34Thegatewaygeitwei入口处ofallscholarssk4?学者wasfirstbuiltin1586inanimitationimiteifn仿制oft

10、hatinQufu.天下文枢坊始建于1586年仿曲阜天下文枢坊，35ThemeaningofthestructurestrAkt/pwastoreferrif?:归于toConfuciusasthehubh加中）kofallwritingsandethicseOiks道德inancienttimes.它结构的意思是所有文章和道德的中心都归于孔子。36lingxinggateisalsocalledthegateofetiquetteet?ket礼仪根星门又叫礼仪门37speciallybuiltforemperorsemp?r?皇帝toofferaf?提供sacrifices?krifais祭

11、祀toConfucius.它是专为皇帝祭祀孔子而建的38thegatebuiltinfrontofconfuciustemple它建于孔庙前39impliesimplai暗指themeaningof它的寓意是40peopleoftalentt?l?nt天才comingforthf9：。涌现inlargenumbersnAmb?大量大量人才涌现41andstabilityst?,biliti稳定ofthecountry.”国家稳定42Dachenggateorthegateofgreatachievements?tjVm?nt达成大成门或集大成的门，43isalsocalledhalberdh?

12、b?d戟gate,又叫戟门44whichisthefrontdooroftheConfuciustemple.它是孔庙的前门45AsConfuciusepitomizedipit?maiz作为缩影Chineseculture,作为中国文化的宿影的孔子46hewasposthumouslypstjum?死后grantedgra:ntid假定thetitletaitl称号ofsupersaintseint圣徒Confucius.他死后被授予至圣先师的称号47Intheentranceentr?ns入口hall11厅ofthegatetherearefouroldstonetabletst?blit

13、碑:在大门的入口门厅有四块古石碑48ThetabletsofConfuciusaskinglaozioftheethicale9ks道德codeskoud经.孔子问礼图碑一是孔子请教老子道德经的图碑49Itwasmadein484A.D.duringthesoutherndynasty它是刻于南朝公元484年50recordedrekad记录onthetabletisthepersonalp?s?nl个人experienceikspi?ri?ns经验ofConfuciusonhisvisittoLuoyang,碑上记录的是孔子去洛阳访问的经验51thecapitaloftheeasternzh

14、oudynastyin518B.C.在公元前518年东周王朝首都52whereConfuciusmadeinvestigationsinvestingei/n研究onthesystemofinstitutionsinstitju:/n制度ofthezhou孔子研究了周王朝制度53andwentinquestkwest寻找ofthewaysofhowtoprosperprsp?繁荣andstabilizesteibilaiz稳定thecountry去寻找了如何繁荣和稳定国家的方法54andofhowtoconsolidatek?nsdideit联合thepowerofslavesleiv奴隶ow

15、nersoun?主人inthelustatesteit国家.如何在鲁国联合奴隶主的力量55ThetabletofjiqingConfuciustemple.集庆孔庙碑56In1308whentheyuandynastyreignedrein统治overthecountry,1308年，元朝统治全国57emperorwuzongissuedi而发布animperialimpi?ri?l帝国edicti:dikt布告武宗皇帝发布了圣旨58"takeeducationasthestateadministration?dministrefn管理oftheempireempai?皇权”以兴学作

16、士为王政59InthenextfallwhentheConfuciustemplestartedtoberebuilt,第二年孔庙开始被重建60luzhiwroteaninscriptioninskrip/n碑文forthetablet.卢挚为碑撰写了碑文61butthetabletwasnotmaderightawayuntil22yearslaterin1330.当时没有勒石，直到22年后在1330年62Inthexianfengyearsoftheqingdynasty,theConfuciustemplewasburntdowninawar清朝咸丰年，在战争中被毁，63andtheta

17、bletwasmissingmisirj失踪此碑失踪。.64duringthereconstructionri:k?nstrAkl?n重建oftheConfuciustemplein1986,thetablethappened偶然发生tobeunearthedAn?:0发掘fromtheunderground地下1986年复建文庙时碑在地下被发现65Thetabletofthefoursaints封四圣碑66In1331emperorwenzongoftheyuandynastygrantedgrantid力口封thefourdisciplesdi?sai?3l门徒ofConfucius在13

18、31年元朝文宗皇帝加封孔子的四个门徒67Yanhui,zengshen,kongjiandmengkeas4saintssecondtoConfucius颜回、曾参、孔彼和孟轲为四亚圣68andtheywerecarvedka:v雕亥Uonastonetablettoinforminfam告知thewholecountry.以此刻在石碑上告知全国。67tabletofmadamsupersaintConfucius.隹寸至圣夫人碑68In1331thewifeofConfuciuswasposthumouslyawardedthetitleofMadamSuperSOm妻被加封为至圣夫人）13

19、31年孔子之妻被加封为至圣夫人69andastonetabletwasmadeforheraccordingtotheimperialdecrW（旨勒石亥U碑）anderectedheresidebysidewiththetabletofthefoursaints专封四氏碑并歹U于夫子庙）.70DachengHallortheHallofGreatAchievements成殿）isthemainbuildingofConfucianTemple大成殿是文庙的主体建筑，71andtheveryplacetoenshrineandworshipConfuciWsK和祭祀孑L子的地方）.72Theh

20、allisadouble-eavedandgable-roofedstructureinancientimitation（歇山顶仿古建筑）,73DisplayedinthehallthereisahugeportraitofConfuciSsJ（巨幅画像）,whichisthelargestonethroughoutthecountry.AlsoputonshowaretheportraitsofYanHUE回）,ZengShensi参），KongJi孔彼）（thegrandsonofConfucius）andMengke（Mencius）,thefourdisciplesofConfuciu

21、saswellasanumberofancientmusicalinstruments.Hungontheinnerwallsofthehallthereare38jade-and-jadeite-carvedpaintingsinlaidwithgold,jewelryandmother-of-pearl隹'钿）aboutthelifestoryofConfuciu1子生平事迹）.Inthetemplecourtyard庙院）enclosedbyroofedcorridors,thereisalargeopen-airterras的（）,whichusedtobeanaltarfor

22、holdingsacrificialceremonyandperformanceofsongsanddance祭祀和歌舞的地方）.ontheterracetherestandsahugebronzestatueofConfucius.theforeheadofthestatueappearsauniquewisdom-and-foresightofthegreatthinker（W宇间透露出伟大思'想家特有的睿智）,bettermakingadeepimpressiononvisitors.JuxingPavilionAtthewestofthetemplesquaretheresta

23、ndsahexagonalpavilion（thepavilionwithits6eavesupturned）calledJuxing.ThenameofJuxingmeanAssemblyofstars（群星?匚聚）andagalaxyoftalent（人才荟萃）,becauseallthemenoflettersorwell-educatedpeoplewereregardedasstarsovertheskyinfeudalChina.Juxingpavilionwastheplaceforintellectualstoconverge。n（集）andtolearnfromeachoth

24、erbyexchangingtheirexperienceinstudyi习心得）.KuixingPavilion（nowcalledKuiguangPavilion恍阁）attheeastofPanPoolliestheKuixingPavilion,whichisalsocalledthePavilionofGodofLiterature1阁）.Thethree-storiedhexagonaltowerwastheplaceforprovincialexaminationcandidates;j（试士子们）topayworshiptoConfuciusbeforetheysitforim

25、perialexamination骐前拜孑L的地方）.Later,thepavilionwasturnedintoateahouset）forcandidates考生）tomeetfriendswithteadrinking.KuixingisthestaratthetipofthebowloftheBigDippiT（北斗星之第一星）,oneofthe28constellationsoverthesky（天上28个星宿之一）.ItwassaidtobeGodofliteraturedominatingthefortuneofcultureandeducations文运之神）and,Confu

26、ciuswasregardedastheGod.Intimesofimperialexaminations群时代）,theexaminationcandidatesoftencametooffersacrificetoConfuciusinthehopeofsuccessfullypassingtheimperialexaminationsandbecomingaprovincialgraduate似求中举）.ThePalaceofLearning宫）ThePalaceofLearningisanarchitecturalcomplexconsistingofMingdeHallortheHa

27、llofBrightVirtue明德堂）,ZunjingLibrary经阁）,QingyunTower看云楼）andAncestralTempleforWorshipingtheParentsofConfucius崇圣祠）etc.ThePalaceofLearningwasaninstitutionofhigherlearni#g府）oftheprefectureinancienttimes,usuallybuiltbehindConfucianTemple.MingdeHallortheHallofBrightVirtu缴I德堂）wasthemainhall歪堂）ofPalaceofLearning,thepla