完形填空——语境化选择题

1、完形填空分层突破(五)一语境化选择题1.利用褒贬语境，判断是非曲直几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。WhenItookthefirstexam,Iwas38(shocked)tofinda77,C-plus,onmytestpaper,39(for)Englishwasmybestsubject.IwenttoProfessorJayne,wholistened

2、tomyargumentsbutremained40.(北京)40.A.unchangedB.UnpleasantC.unfriendlyD.unmoved答案D解析本题属于根据语境判断是非曲直题。考生需要根据语境和上下文的关系来确定答案。Jayne教授听了我的理由，但通过but的转折可知，他并未被我打动，而是显得无动于衷。unmoved无动于衷的，符合语境。2.避免只重语意，忽略习惯搭配高考完形填空题中有相当一部分试题属此类情况。该题目难度系数在0.5-0.6之间，是广大考生丢分最严重的题目。其原因是考生只注重语境，而忽视了词汇的习惯搭配。所以考生在准确掌握语境的同时，更要注意所要填入的名词

3、、形容词、动词与空格前面或后面某个词汇的习惯搭配，尤其要注意其与介词或副词的连用特点等。OnawarmMonday,JennyNeilsonboughtasandwichandparkedhercarundersometrees.Rollingdownthewindowsto41infreshair,shesettledbacktoenjoyhe门unch.（湖北）41.A.bringB.LetC.gatherD.send答案B解析本题考查固定搭配。letin放进，允许进入，符合句意。bringin赚得；吸引；gathe门n收获，收割；sendin寄去（处理）。此处文意是她摇下车窗放一些新鲜空

4、气进来而不是为了收集空气，显然只有B项恰当。3.巧妙利用平行结构，准确判断逻辑关系平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。高考完形填空常常会出现这样一些平行结构，掌握与这些结构极为相似的句子可大大提高解题效率。whoevermademe6myself.SheinsistedonknowingwhatIthoughtaboutdifficultquestions.WasThomasJefferson7tobuyLouisianafr

5、omFrance?Why?Sheexpectedmetohaveanopinionandtobeableto8itup.MissBeantaughtmethatthinkingforyourselfwastherealkeytoeducation.Oneday,whenIwasnotpayingattentioninclass,MissBeansuddenly9aneraseratme.Unbelievably,theeraserhitmerightonthehandandsentmypencilflying.Thewholeclasswas10atfirst,andthenstartedla

6、ughing.Thisincidentbecamefamousinthisschooland,11ithappenedtome,thestudentswantedtogettoknowme.Sothat'sthestoryofhowDorothyBeanmademehertarget,andhowIbecamejustanother12inschool.1. A.kindlyB.pitifullyC.angrilyD.anxiously答案C解析考查语境理解。由weren'tverywelcoming"以及weshouldreturntotheplacewherewe

7、camefrom”可知，邻居们对我们很不友好，因此答案选C。2. A.seniorsB.childrenC.enemiesD.elders答案B解析考查上下文暗示。从第一段中wastwelveyearsold”以及下文内容可Notallofthese21(fairies)arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare22(cruel)andcausemuchhumansuffering.ThisistrueinthetalesabouttheChangeling.Th

8、esetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpaleandhaschangedsomuthatitisalmost24totheparents.(广东)23. A.sickB.slimC.shortD.small24. A.uncomfortableB.unbelievableC.UnacceptableD.unrecognizable答案23.A24.D解析23题是典型的平行结构试题。根据and可知，其前后为并列关系，pale意思是苍白的”，与之并列的应是sick,表示有病的，生病的而根据前面的changedsomuch”可知，后面的结果应是对父母来

9、说几乎是难以辨认的”，故24题答案为D。1WhenIwastwelveyearsold,myfamilywerethefirstblackpeopletomoveintoanall-whitepartofGrandRapids,Michigan.Manyofournewneighboursweren'Verywelcoming.Someoftheadultssaid1thatweshouldreturntotheplacewherewecamefrom.The2sometimesthrewstonesatmeordrovemehomefromschool.Mostofmyteacher

10、s3tooknonoticeofme,butnotDorothyBean,myhistoryteacher.MissBeanwasangryathowbadlyIwasbeing4,butshedidn'tsaythistoMissBeanshowedherrespectformebyteachingmejustlike5else.Insteadofbeingunnoticed,IwasgivenachancetoshowthatIwassmart.MissBeanwasthefirstteacher推知，向我”扔石头的应该是孩子们"，所以答案选Bo3. A.easilyB.

11、simplyC.speciallyD.Happily答案B解析：考查语境理解。依据下文内容可知，MissBean对我”很好，而其他大多数老师都不理会我"，故答案选Bo其他三个选项与takenonoticeof连用时，均不符合语境。A.taughtB.consideredC.welcomedD.treated答案D解析考查语境理解。联系上文可知，此处指MissBean对别人如此恶劣地对待我”感到很生气，因此答案选D。5. A.anyoneB.nooneC.someoneD.none答案：A解析考查句意理解。此处是指MissBean像教其他任何人一样教我”，故选A。6. A.worrya

12、boutB.lookaboutC.workforD.thinkfor答案D解析考查语境理解。由下句SheinsistedonknowingwhatIthoughtaboutdifficultquestions."可推断，此处表示MissBean让我"独立思考，因此答案选D。下文中thinkingforyourself”也有暗示。7. A.necessaryB.problemC.rightD.famous答案c解析考查常识。结合全文及历史知识可知，此处指托马斯杰斐逊从法国人me.手里购买路易斯安那州的做法是否正确，故答案选C8. A.backB.setC.putD.give答

13、案A解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，这里表示能够支持自己的观点”，故答案选Ao放弃。9.A.aimed答案Bbackup支持，证实（某人所言）。而不是setup建立"；putup举起；giveup答案C解析由上下文语境可知，小女孩想骑自行车又不敢骑，由此可以推断其心情是很悲哀的，因此该空应填sad。B.threwC.passedD.seized解析考查语境理解。由下文theeraserhitmerightonthehand"可推知，这2.A.And答案DB.OrC.InsteadD.But解析母亲认为小女孩不会再摔断胳膊，而女儿认为自己有可能再摔断胳里表示MissBe

14、an把一个黑板擦朝我”扔过来，故答案为B。膊，因此该空含转折性逻辑关系，应填but。10.A.excited答案DB.satisfiedC.worriedD.shocked解析考查语境理解。由andthenstartedlaughing"可推知，学生对老师3.A.trade答案C解析B.saleC.accident由常识可知，在汽车事故中人们的胳膊有可能受伤D.show,因此该空应填的举动一开始感到非常吃惊（shocked）,而不是excited兴奋的"；satisfied满意的；worried担心的。因此答案选D。11.A.when答案CB.onceC.becauseD.

15、whetheraccident,4.A.start答案D解析B.regretC.finish难道你不想去体育馆了吗？D.stop解析考查上下文逻辑关系。前后句存在因果关系12.A.kidB.problemC.teacher,因此答案选C。D.example答案A解析考查上下文暗示。依据上下文内容可知，此处是指我”是如何成为学校里与以前不同的学生的，因此答案选A,也与前文Iwastwelveyearsold"相照应。2“ButwhatifIbreakmyarmagain?”Myfive-year-olddaughterasked,lookingvery5. A.offered答案B解析

16、6. A.congratulating答案A解析7. A.father答案B解析8. A.warmB.agreedC.hadD.chose1.Iknewshewantedverymuchtolearntoride,buteversinceshe'dfallenoffferbGkB析andbrokenherarm,shedbeenafraid.“Ohhoney,"said."Idon'thinkyou'lbreakanotherarm.2Icould,couldn,t因此应填break.在母亲的解承!与劝说下，女儿答应再试一次。B.praisingC.

17、encouragingD.celebrating我祝贺自己在痛苦的离婚之后能够做一个有用的单亲家长。B.motherC.sisterD.Brother由下文Grandma可以推出该空表示母亲”，因此应填mother。B.feel由上文第6空所在句的C.buyapainfuldivorce可以推出该空表示D.break使破碎”,Youknow,honey,Isaid,Almosteverythingyoudocomeswithrisks.Youcouldbrokenarminacar3andthenbeafraidtoeverrideinacaragain.Youcouldbreakyourge

18、AaUnA1bleB.Unwilling10.A.punishedC.UncertainD.UnhappyB.scoldedC.thankedD.appreciatedarmjumpingarope.Youcouldbreakyourarmatgym.Doyouwantto4goingto答案B解析由上文可知，作者不满意她母亲给她女儿讲自己感情方面的事,因此gym?No,shesaid.Andwithadeterminedspirit,shestoodupa51dtotryagain.Ispenttherestoftheafternoonattheparkwatchingaverybravel

19、ittlegirlovercomeafear,and6myselfonbeingausefulsingleparentafterapainfuldivorce（离婚）.该空表示11.A.hire责怪“，应填scoldedoAswewalkedhome,sheaskedmeaboutaconversationshemy7thenightbefore.doverheardmehavirigwith解析“Grandmawantedyoutofindsomeonetolove.12.A.wrong“"Whatgrandmawantsisforsomeone侬B.meet我答应去见Steveo

20、B.rightC.fireC.clearD.inviteD.clever8myheartagain.ButMom.guessloveisn'tlikeabrokenarm.“You'retooyoungtounderstandit,9shtosanid>wer,wewalkedtherestofthewayItoldher.解析由上文可知，作者的母亲和女儿都赞成作者重新获得爱，而作者现SoIinsilence.WhenIgothome,Icalledmymotherand10herfortalkingaboutthistomydaughter.ThenIdidwhatI&

21、#39;dseenmybravelittlegirldothatveryafternoon.Iagreedto11Steve.Stevewasthemanforme.Wemarriedlessthanayearlater.Itturnedoutmymotherand在获得了爱，因此母亲和女儿的观点是对的。3ShehadbeenshoppingwithherMominWal-Mart.Shemusthavebeen6yearsold.Itwas1outside.WeallstoodjustinsidethedooroftheWal-Mart.daughterwere12.1.A.surprise

22、dB.disappointedC.sadD.puzzledHervoicewassosweetforthe2waiting."What"Momasked.“Let'srunthroughtherainShe3.Mom,let'srunthroughtherain,shesaid.No,honey.We'llwaituntilitslowsdownabit,Momreplied.6.A.hurtB.wetC.woundedD.slippedThisyoungchildwaitedabout4minuteandrepeated,“Momjet'阿

23、throughthe答案b解析考查语境。结合语境，上文提到妈妈说如果冒雨走的话会淋湿的，此处rain.”一一一"WHllgetsoakedifwedo,"Momsaid.是妈妈表示自己的困惑我什么时候说过冒雨走而不会淋湿？"hurt使受伤；wound使受“No,wewon't,Mom.That'snotwhatyousaidthismorning,herMom'sarm.“ThismorningWhendidIsaywecouldrunthroughtherainandnotget"theyounggi喈?id3als鲁e,均不符

24、合句意。“Don'tyouremembferWhenyouweretalkingtoDaddyabouthiscancer,yousaid,7.A.offB.over答案，c解析考查介词搭配和照应。C.throughD.ingetthrough表示通过，使成功"，符合句意果上帝让我们渡过这一关，他就能让我们克服一切！”主句和从句均用getthroughogetoffGodcangetus7this,hecangetusthroughanything!'Theentirecrowdbecamedeadsilent.1sworeyoucouldn'thearany

25、thingbutthe脚；We身；getover克服，战胜（困难等）；getin至U达；收获。allstoodsilently.Mom8andthoughtforamomentaboutwhatshewouldsay."Honey,youareabsolutelyright.Let'srunthroughtherain.Ifwegetwet,maybe8eAustufferedB.walkedC.wept答案D解析考查语境。女儿的话出乎意料，所以妈妈need9Momsaid.Thenofftheyran.D.paused暂停”下来，思考该说些什Weallstoodwatchi

26、ng,smilingandlaughingastheyrushedpastthecars.Theyheldtheirshopping10overtheirheadsjustincase.Theygotsoaked.Buttheywerefollowedbyafewwhoscreamedandlaughedlikechildrenallthewaytotheircars.Andyes,Idid.Iran.Igotwet.Ineededwashing.Circumstancesorpeoplecantakeawayyour11possessions,theycantakeawayyourmoney

27、,andtheycantakeawayyourhealth.Butnoonecanevertakeawayyourpreciousmemories.So,don'tforgetttmeandtaketheopportunitiestomakememorieseveryday!么。妈妈不是受到伤害，排除suffer；也不是走来走去，排除walk；文中未提到女儿的话让她哭了，故weep也不正确。选pause,意为暂停"。9. A.washingB.bathingC.showeringD.watering答案A解析考查上下文照应。此处与下文的Ineededwashing."

28、;照应。bathe洗澡;shower洗淋浴；water浇水，都属于特定情况下的行为，此处应是一般的临时之意。1. A.quarrellingB.pouringC.snowingD.trembling答案B解析考查语境和动词。由下文可知，外面下着雨，故用pour。pour有10. A.goodsB.suppliesC.bagsD.packages答案c解析考查行文逻辑。她们在沃尔玛超市购物，故此处应是她们将购物袋（'雨）倾?,滂沱"之意。quarrel争吵，争辩；snow下雪；tremble发抖，均不符合语境。2. A.annoyingB.interestingC.appreciati