定语从句难点突破

1、定语从句难点突破定语从句是学生解题的难点，下面就定语从句的难点进行归纳总结，从而让学生深刻地领悟理解定语从句，进而掌握解题技巧。1 .先判断先行词是人还是物。2 .确定关系代词或关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中充当何种句子成分。3 .还原定语从句，检验先行词在定语从句充当的成分。在处理综合试卷的过程中，遇到这样的一道题：Hedidntputthethingstheybelonged,forreasonhegothispunishment.(D)A.which;thatB.what;thisC.that;whoseD.where;which学生答错率较高。池没有把那些东西放回到他们本该在(原来)的

2、地方，为此他受到了惩罚。”第一空语境分析，东西应放在什么地方。Where引导状语从句时意为在的地方”；结构分析，belong为不及物动词，常用固定搭配belongto。Theybelonged句从结构上说选出的词只能用来做状语；如句子为theybelongedto则要补足宾语。第二空reason前的限定词为that/this,故应用which来连接相当于andforthis/thatreason类似的用法有inwhichcaseduringwhichtime相当于andinthat/thiscasehestudiedveryhardanduringthattime。A1. Markwasast

3、udentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,madeChairmanoftheStudentsA.duringwhichtimeB.forwhichtimeC.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime2. Theystayedwithmefortwoweeks,theydrankalltCebeerihad.A.whichB.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich3. Imayhaveworklate,inwhichcaseI?lltelephone.A.inwhosecaseB.inwhichC.inwhich

4、caseD.inthatcase一、Suchrthat引导的状语从句与suchas引导的定语从句的区别:Suchithat引导的状语从句，that引导的是一个完整的句子；而suchas引导的定语从句，as在定语从句中充当句子成分。如：Hisplanwassuchagoodoneweallagreedtoaccept,应用as,因为weallagreedtoaccept缺少宾语，完整的句子为weallagreedtoaccepti加为Hisplanwassuchagoodoneweallagreedtoaccepti则应用that,因为weallagreedtoacceptit是一个完整的句子。

5、1. Idontlikesuchbooksherecommended1A.asB.thatC.soD.afterwhich2. Mr.Smithisagoodteacherweallrespecthim.A.such,thatB.such,asC.so,thatD.so,as3. Suchabookyoulentmeistoodifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.whichC.asD.like二、一些特殊的先行词如situation,point,case,activitysceneMperiod,festival,occasio懵要注意具体情况具体分析。这些词基本上都是表

6、示时间、地点的词，做具体题目时，要判断他们在定语从句充当的成分来决定关联词。主语、宾语和表语用that/which,状语用where/when外词+which。如：Thereisonepointwemustinsiston.We才ejusttryingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.第一句定语从句可还原为：wemustinsistonthepoin斯以先行词point在定语从句中作宾语，故用that或省略。第二句定语从句可还原为：atthepointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk故先彳亍同

7、point在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词用where/介词+which。1. Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitysightmattersmorethanhearing.（D）A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where2. Youngpeoplewhohavegotjobsmayrealizeuniversitylessonscan?tbetheonlypreparationforallofthesituationsappearintheworkingworlcCA.WhereB.whenC.thatD.wha

8、t3. （0吐海卷？38）WewentthroughaperiodcommunicationswereverydifficultinruralareasCA.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich4. （0811东卷？26）OccasionsarequiterareIhavethetimetospendadaDwithmyIA.whoB.whichC.whyD.when5. Hesgothimselfintoadangeroussituationheislikelytolosecontroloverthe（2001上海）AA.whereB.whichC.whileD.

9、why6. IcanthinkofmanycasesstudentobviouslknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoaa003ay$卷）DA.whyB.whichC.asD.where7. Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememthescenespeoplewereeatenbythe胪gerAA.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that8. We?rejusttryingrteachapointbothside

10、swillsitdowntogetherand菊Ik.（卷）AA.whereB.thatC.whenD.which9. -Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?-Wthere?sonepointwemustinspstSH）DA.whyB.whereC.howD./10. Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattod年西卷DA.thatB.whatC.whichD.where三、先行词为地点、时间及reason和way的定语从句。表示时间、地点先行词以及先行词为reason

11、way在定语从句中作状语时，相应的用：表示时间的先行词：when饰词+which;表示地点白先行词：where/介词+which;reason为先行词：why/forwhich/that/;way为先行词：inwhich/that/但解题关键要判断先行词在定语从句中作状语还是作主语、宾语和表语。作状语，则适用上面得语法规则，如作主语、宾语和表语，则仍需用that/which（作宾语that/which可省略）。Thisisthereasonhegaveme.Thisisthereasonhedid?tcometoschooltoday.第一句定语从句可还原为：hegavemethereason

12、先行词reason在定语从句中作宾语，故关系词用that/which或省略；第二句定语从句可还原为：forthereasonhedidn?tcometoschooltoday故关系词用why/forwhich/that或省略。1. TheplaceIvisitedlastsummerisjusttheplaceIspentmychildhood.BA.that;thatB.that;whereC.where;whereD.where;that2. IsthereadepartmentstorearoundIcangetabirthdaypresentformybrother?BA.WhichB

13、.whereC.onwhichD.that3. IsthisthehouseShakespearewas988rh?）CA.atwhereB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhich4. Isthisthereasonatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhis业诲益2002A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained5. Theplacethebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbethecross-riveitheheaviest.05苏）CA.whic

14、h;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich6. Inanhouwecantraveltoplaceswouldhavetakenourancestorsd0S/storea(上海)CA.whereB.whenC.whichD.what四、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。它们的常见结构有：(1) .介词+which/whomThisisthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.(2) .名词+of+which/whomPleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisblu

15、e.(3) .数词+of+which/whomShe%gotthreeluckypens,twoofwhichsheneveruses.(4) .代词+of+which/whomInthebasketIfindmanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.(5) .最高级+of+which/whomChinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.介词的选择根据介词与定语从句中动词的搭配关系；根据介词与前面的名词先行词的搭配关系；同时考虑与动词和名词的搭配关系。1. John,moneyisnoproblem,sti

16、llleadsasimplelif0D)A.forwhoseB.ofwhoseC.ofwhomD.forwhom2. (0(Lb海春卷?3837.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustrytherewon?tbemuchworDA.whereB.thatC.bywhichD.withoutwhich3. (08南卷?31Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedjbberoffactors,arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhicC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat4.（

17、0映西卷？13）ThemanpulledoutagoldwatcferemadeofsmalldiamoA.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich5. (08fi建卷？31)Bynineo?clock,alltheOlympictorshhlaeanrasrchedthetopofMountQomolangma,appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich6. Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenw

18、indsitsT,hadn,tbeencleanedforatleastayear(199畛国)DA.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which7.nthedarkstreet,therewasntasinglepersonshecouldturn2elp.(1992A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom8. ThegentlemanyoutoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeJa海h宿f.(B000A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom9. Therearetwobuildings,standsnearlyahundredfe

19、etJhiDh.(04A.thelargerBthelargerofthem.Chelargeronethat.Shelargerofwhich10.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyearai80%s)ldabroad.(04辽宁)AA.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat11 .Luckilywedbroughtaroadmapwithoutwewouldhave10sli4xurJwly招)D12 .A.itB.thatC.thisD.which13 .Hewaseducatedatalocalgr

20、ammarschool,hewenton(to5Cambridge.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichfromthis1.1 Ihavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmiHHI)DA.ofthemB.fromwhichCwhoofDofwhom15 .Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobsarebeingtrain35江西)CA.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich16 .-whydoesshealwaysask

21、youforj05Mp?)-Thereisnooneelse,iSthere?A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn1 7.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirstIreallyenoyed.(A.ofthaB.ofwhicC.thatD.which2 8.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversityshewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.侠西卷)AA.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.aftert

22、hat19 .Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptouD.withwhichwegavesomebellsandglasses3(A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhom20 .Thebookwaswrittenin1946,theeducatiosystenhaswitnessegireatcharges.2007年山东卷DA.whenB.duringwhichCsincethenDsincewhen21.1 tisreportedthattwoschoolsarebeingbuiltin

23、myhornetoiUropennextyear2007年四川卷DA.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemDbothofwhich22 .Weshouldn?tspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof缩Wealthy2(京卷DA.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom23 .Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,wanted安ifeuyit.20c卷DA.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom24 .Themanpu

24、lledoutagoldwatch,weremadeofsmalldiamond两卷0D8A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich五、As与whic帕I导的非限制定语从句的区别。(1)As引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，一般用逗号与主句隔开;而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。(2) .人题导的非限制性定语从句常与主句意义一致，常译为“正如”、“就像；whic怕I导的非限制性定语从句常与主句有因果关系。(3) .Asa与一些词连用形成的定语从句，已形成了固定的说法，如：As

25、isknowntoall;ashasbeensaidbefore;asisoftenthecase;asoftenhappens,asIpointedo催。1. CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctoIpersonallyIdoubtverymuch.8999国)DA.itB.thatC.whenD.which2. Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,cameasasupCse.(1991A.itB.thatC.whichD.he3. Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpricepeopleexpec)te

26、Bl(2000A.likeB.asC.thatD.which4.hasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnexttm葡B.(2003A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What六、Asisknown(tous,aft),itisknown(tousall)thawhatisknown(tousall)isthatAsisknown(tousall特的为非限制性定语从句;itisknown(tousal|)tha#的是主语从句；whatisknown(tousall),is为宙语从句+表语从句。Asisknowntousall,theearthisround

27、.=Itisknowntousallthattheearthisround.=Whatisknowntousallisthattheearthisround.1. _isknowntoeverybbdynoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth)B(2001A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What2. isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingpro（04北京）BA.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What3. isreportednthenewspapeithattalksbetw

28、eeithetwocountriearemakingprogress.AA.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What4. _isknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthoCCeeverymonthA.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What七、Where引导的定语从句和wher制导的状语从句的区别。Hefoundthebookswherehehadput.Hefoundthebooksintheplacewherehehadputthem.第一个句子为where引导的句子为状语从句，where意为“在地方”，从句前无表示地点的先行词。第二个句子

29、为定语从句，where引导从句修饰theplace,主句为hefoundthebooksintheplace,定语从句可还原为hehadputthemintheplace冼行词place在定语从句中作状语，故关联词用where/介词+which。1. ThevillagehasdevelopedalotwelearnedfarmingtwoyeOgio.2007A.whenB.whichC.that2. PlantsgrowbestitiswarmCndwet.A.whichB.inwhichC.whereD.that3. Afterthewaanewschoolbuildingwasputu

30、ptherehadoncebeenatheatre.A.thatB.whenCwhichDwhere4. NowheworksinafactoryhisfatherusAdtowork.A.whereB.whenC.thatD./5. Y）ushouldletyourchildrenplayyoucaAseethem.A.whereBwhenC.inwhichD.that/I、名词facthopeideanewsproblemsuggestion后面跟同位语从句与定语从句的区别。定语从句是形容词从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的；同位语从句是名词从句，其作用相当于一个名

31、词，是对前面的名词作进n军释的。定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、状语等；而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分。同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间是一种同位关系，二者之间存在逻辑上的系表关系，可用生+系+表”结构来表示。例如：1. WeheardthenewsthathehadtoMiWBUWt她说的消息。2. WeheardthenewsthathehadwonthegMiW肖息他赢得了比赛。九、oneof琪数名词+关系代词+复数动词和theonlyoneof短数名词+关系代词+单数动词Heisoneofthestudentswhopasstheexa

32、m.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopassestheexam.第一句先行词为students故定语从句的谓语动词用复数；第二句先行词为theonlyone故定语从句的谓语动词用单数。1.BeihaiParkisoneofthemostbeautifulparksbuilt300yearsagD.A.whichwasB.whichwereC.thatwasD.thatwere十、定语从句与强调句型：强调句型去掉itis/wasthat结构，句子结构仍然完整；定语从句去掉itis/was-that,句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。强调句型中被强调的部分可以是副词、介词短

33、语或从句；定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词和名词短语。Wasittheplacewherethepartywasheld?Wasitintheplacethatthepartywasheld?Itwasinthelabthatwassetuplastyearthattheyfinishedtheexperiment.-Wheredidyougettoknowher?-Itwasonthefarmweworked.2007东卷DA.thatB.thereC.whichD.whereH-一、其他1. Thefinancialcrisisandthesufferinghascausedhaveagr

34、eatinfluenceonthewholeworld.C)A.theyB.whichC.itD.what2. IsthisfactoryyouvisitedlastyearAA.theoneB.thatC.whichD.where3. Isthisthefactoryyouvisitedlastyear?A.theoneB.thatC.whoD.where4. ChinaisnolongerthecountryitusedtobB.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./5. Thedriverandhiscarfellintotheriverhavenotyetbeendiscover

35、.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.bothofwhich6. ThisisthesamepenIlostyesterdayA.thatB.whichC.asD.BothAandC“where”是只士热点之一，命题中主要考查其在定语从句、名词从句和状语从句这三大从句中的使用。例如：(1)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.句中where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中做状语；(2)Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequ

36、al,andthisiswhereIdisagree.句中where是连接副词，引导名词从句做表语，而本身在从句中做状语；(3)Ifyouaretravelingwherethecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.句中where是从属连词，引导状语从句。在回答有关where的题目时，往往会遇到这样两个难点：一、定语从句中，感觉不到的where一提到where,我们往往都借其词义，想到“哪里”，无论是在工厂，在学校，在街道等等，都看得见，摸得着，例如：TheywillflytoWashington,theyplantost

37、ayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when答案A,这似乎是显而易见。“他们要飞往华盛顿，他们打算在那(华盛顿)待上两三天。”“在华盛顿”，使用where,有具体的地点。不过再看一看下面的三个题目：(1)Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders_consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which(2)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where(3)Mycurrentjobsearch