新概念英语3 lesson8

1、2021/3/91Lesson 8 Lesson 8 A famous monasteryA famous monastery2021/3/92Warm-up Activity 1.Do you like to go a natural place or a historic place ? Why ? -relax/scenery/fresh air/quiet/peaceful/exercise /experience/adventure/climbing/camp -historic/interesting/attractive/ancient/be located in /reflec

2、t/design/sacred/holy/worship/pray for/god/ 2. What can we learn from the historic place ? -the past /the lesson/remember/avoid repeating the mistakes/educate/experience/love the country/ culture/ancient ideas/development of civilization/ influence on people2021/3/93Background Information Famous mona

3、stery Great pass2021/3/94A famous monasteryA famous monastery monastery: a sacred building where monks live convent: a sacred building where nuns live 2021/3/95 A hospice (宗教团体开办的招待所） for travellers was founded in 1049 by Saint Bernard of Menthon and came to be named after him in the 16th century to

4、 keep the pass safe for travellers. The hospice occupies two buildings made of grey stone (built in 1899), which provide hotel services. The Great Bernard Monastery2021/3/96 The pass runs northeast-southwest through the Alps .The road runs through the pass and joins Switzerland to Italy. From the no

5、rth (Switzerland), the route to the pass follows the Dranse River valley , then into the wild and desolate (荒凉的) valley . The Great St. Bernard Pass2021/3/97Chinas famous monastery Shaolin Temple（ monastery） is at Song Shan, in Dengfeng, Henan Province ,China. Everyday many people including foreigne

6、rs visit Shaolin Temple.The Shaolin temple (monastery) has a very long history (founded during the Northern Wei dynasty )and remains one of Chinas oldest Buddhist temples. It is famed for Kung Fu.2021/3/98Chinas famous passWhile traveling through Gansu Province, we came across the Jiayu Pass the lar

7、gest section of the western Great Wall of China. The pass runs through central Gansu acting as a corridor(走廊） for people traveling between Dunhuang and Lanzhou.2021/3/99 monastery n.寺院，修道院 St. Bernard 圣伯纳德 Pass n.关隘 Watchdog n.看门狗 Rashly adv.莽撞地，冒失地 Enclosure n.围场，圈地 Monk n.和尚 Privacy n.清静，隐居 Skier

8、n.滑雪者 Easter n. 复活节 New words and expressions2021/3/910Vocabulary Learningmonastery n.寺院，修道院 Convent n.女修道会, 女修道院 Monk n. 和尚，僧侣 Nun n.修女 Abbot n.男修道院院长 abbess n.女修道院院长 abbey n. a large church together with a group of buildings in which monks or nuns live or lived in the past 隐修院；修道院,(曾为修道院的大教堂) 大教堂

9、e.g. Westminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特教堂(西敏寺) 2021/3/911 St. Bernard =Saint Bernard St=strait Taiwan Strait St=street Wall Street St=saint 1. A saint is a holy person, refers to any Christian believer (all Christians in heaven are considered to be saints ) 2. a very good , kind patient person St. John Saint V

10、alentines Day Shes a saint to go on living with that man. 2021/3/9123.rash: n. An area of red spots on a persons skin , caused by illness .皮疹一种接触传染性皮疹 A contact skin rash. heat rash 痱子e.g. Dont be rash in making your decision. Think twice before doing anything rash. rashly: adv.莽撞地，冒失地 rash：adj. doi

11、ng sth without first thinking轻率的，鲁莽的e.g. She rashly promised to lend him the money.rashness n. u2021/3/913 1)围场，圈地 2) （信中的）附件enclose v. 围绕 山上云雾缭绕 -The mountains were enclosed by mist. en- 使,成为 encourage endanger enslave enclosure: n.2021/3/914 n.清静，隐居 - I dont want my privacy to be disturbed. n隐私 in

12、dividual privacy right of privacy privacy: n.2021/3/915 skiing sleigh 雪橇雪橇 snowboarding 滑雪板滑雪板 skateboard 滑板滑板 slide 滑梯，幻灯片滑梯，幻灯片 skier: n. 滑雪者滑雪者2021/3/916Detailed Study of the text2021/3/917 The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass

13、in Europe. The famous monastery of St. Bernard, which was founded in eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even

14、in Roman times. 2021/3/918 named after Bernard ,used in mountain rescue work Bernard Meaning:St. Bernard of Menthon :St. Bernard dog: bearStrong or Brave as a bear a saint of mountaineers St. Bernard dog with barrel The St. Bernards were bred(养） large enough to traverse(穿越) deep snow and to scent(嗅出

15、的气 )out lost persons. 2021/3/919 Pass n. 1. a place through mountains which is very difficult to cross关口；关隘；山路 2. a successful result in an exam 及格，通过 3. an official document or ticket the shows you have the right to enter 通行证 -The Jiayu pass is one of the most dangerous . -She got a pass in French.

16、她法语考试及格了。 -No one is allowed to enter without a pass.2021/3/920 Pass v.1: to go by 2 :give sth to sb by putting it into their hands 3 : to go beyond ;surpass, exceed 4 : to go through (as a test) successfully 5 : to give approval to 6: to let (as time or a period of time) go by 7: to emit or dischar

17、ge from a bodily part-They pass the library every morning on their way to school. -He passed the ball to Owen.-She passed two other runners just before the finish line. -She hasnt passed the driving test yet .-The committee passed the law .-The hours passed quickly.-The drug passes quickly into the

18、bloodstream. 2021/3/921Connect1. to join or fasten together usually by something 2. to place or establish in relationship. -A hallway connects the two rooms. -Its the major highway connecting the two towns. -The two bones connect at the elbow. -I never connect you with that group of people. 2021/3/9

19、22 1. connectto 把.与连接在一起 翻译：翻译：北京和上海之间有一条铁路相连。北京和上海之间有一条铁路相连。 There is a railway connecting Beijing to Shanghai. 2. connect.with 把.与某事联系在一起 我不能把这张照片和我不能把这张照片和Mary联系起来。联系起来。 I cant connect this picture with Mary. 这两门学科紧密相连。 The two subjects are closely connected. connect2021/3/923 connect v.连接(万能) co

20、ntact n./v. (与人联系) relate v.联系（抽象） keep in contact / lose contact with sb. eye contact lenses -犯罪率的上升和失业率上升紧密相连。 -The rise in crimes relates closely to the increase in unemployment.2021/3/924 Lie（lay,lain) 1. to be or to stay in a position； to be situated in a particular place -He was lying on his b

21、ack. -The town lies in a valley. -His real interest lies in music.lie v. (lies, lying, lied, lied) (to sb) (about sth) to say or write sth that you know is not true说谎，撒谎lay v. (laid, laid) to put sb./ sth in a particular position, especially when it is down gently or carefully(尤指轻轻地或小心地) 放置，安放2021/3

22、/925watchdog n.a fierce dog kept to guard property看门狗，看家狗a person or organization that tries to guard against stealing, wasteful use of public money, undesirable practices, etc.监视者；监视机构e.g. 监督电视广告是否符合标准的政府机构 a government watchdog on television advertising standards 2021/3/926watchdog-watchdog-n. 看家狗

23、看家狗-watch-hour - n.值班时间值班时间-watchhouse- n. 哨所哨所, 岗亭岗亭-watchman- n.看守人看守人, 警卫员警卫员-watchroom-n. 值班室值班室 -watchtower-n.岗楼岗楼, 了望塔了望塔-keep watch 值班值班, 看守看守, 照料照料-keep close watch on密切注视密切注视-on watch值班值班, 监视监视2021/3/927 Lead a dogs life Die a dogs death Keep /walk a dog Work like a dog Treat sb like a dog

24、Barking dogs do not bite. Love me , love my dog. Beat the dog before the lion. Every dog has his day. 过穷困潦倒的生活过穷困潦倒的生活 惨死惨死 养、溜狗养、溜狗 拼命工作拼命工作 不把某人当人看不把某人当人看 吠狗不咬人吠狗不咬人 爱屋及乌爱屋及乌 杀鸡儆猴杀鸡儆猴 大家都有走运大家都有走运A luck dog幸运儿幸运儿2021/3/928 Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less da

25、ngerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.2021/3/929now that conj.because the thing mentioned is happening or has just happened 既然；由于e.g. 1

26、) Now that the kids have left home we have got a lot of extra space. 孩子们都离开家了，我们住着就更宽绰了。 2) 既然约翰来了，我们就可以开始了。 Now (that) Johns arrived, we can begin. 3) 既然你长大了, 就不应该依靠你的父母。 Now that you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.2021/3/930 -Now that youve grown up , I can tell you about that.

27、-The monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. -As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. -The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. 【辨】because, since, as, f

28、or, now that 2021/3/931 because，since，as均表“因为，由于” 1)其中because语气最强，since次之，as最弱； 回答why的问题只能用because。e.g. -So why worry？ -Because its my responsibility.2021/3/932 2)Since常表已知事实“既然”，引导从句多置于主句前,作“自从”后面还可以跟完成时。 Since you know its just number，you will not add this QQ number. 3) As 较口语化，原因更明显，引导从句置于主句前。 (L

29、 12)As there were so many people about，the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.2021/3/9334）for 常用于书面语，于句尾，语气弱。（L11）During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. 5）now that 既然，由于（引导原因状语从句） -Now（that）Im here , Id bett

30、er stay. (句首，在口语中that可省)2021/3/9341.(07陕西18) when has the country been open to international trade? 1978，I suppose. A. Since B. In C. From D. After 2.(08北京23) Did you return Freds call? I didnt need to- Ill see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when D. becauseAD2021/3/935 despite =in spite of pre

31、p. 不管，不论，尽管e.g. Despite /In spite of the bad weather , they went out as planned . She went to the party despite the fact that the doctor had told her to rest . He had a big lunch despite having just had breakfast . though 连词 (接句子) Though it was raining, they went out as planned .2021/3/936whenever =

32、 no matter when 无论什么时候wherever, however, whoever, whichever, whatevere.g. 1) You can call me whenever you like. 你可以随时打电话给我。 2) 无论谁来都会受到欢迎。 Whoever comes, he will be welcomed. 3) 不管发生什么事，都不要改变你的计划。 Whatever happens, dont change your plan. 4) 每当我不高兴时，他都会给我鼓劲。 Whenever I am unhappy, he will cheer me up

33、. 5) 无论我走到哪里，她都跟着我。 Wherever I go, she will follow me.2021/3/937in difficulty 处境困难处境困难,有困难有困难 ；陷入困境；陷入困境 e.g. We should help those who are in difficulty. 我们应该帮助那些有困难的人。be in +n. 表示“处于状态”e.g. be in luxury/ misery 生活奢华/悲惨处在麻烦中欠债绝望地沮丧地哭着身体好状况好爱上某人in trouble in debt in despair in dismayin tears in good

34、health in good conditionin love with sb.2021/3/938in difficulty 处境困难处境困难,有困难有困难 ；陷入困境；陷入困境 e.g. We should help those who are in difficulty. 我们应该帮助那些有困难的人。词组：have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困难。 without difficulty 毫不费劲地翻译： 1) I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood. 我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。 2) 我们轻而

35、易举就找到了这所房子。 We found the house without difficulty.2021/3/939attemptattempt to do v. 努力；尝试= try to doe.g. (1) 我将努力回答你的全部问题。 I will attempt to answer all your questions. (2) 不要试图自己修理这块手表。 Do not attempt to repair this watch yourself.attempt + n.(3) 囚犯企图逃跑，但失败了。 The prisoners attempted an escape, but f

36、ailed.n. make an to do sth. e.g. 他们企图逃跑。 They made an attempt to escape.2021/3/940 During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter,

37、 however, life at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to - 30 o and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. 2021/3/941 As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. about adv. 在近处，附近；近旁在近处，附近；近旁 look aboutgo aboutrun aboutwander about到处看到处

38、看 到处走到处走 到处跑到处跑 到处闲逛到处闲逛= around2021/3/942 The temperature drops to -30 and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. drop v.下降 表数量减少： decrease /decline /descend /fall 表数量增加： increase/rise /jump/rocket2021/3/943e.g. The temperature of summer in Chongqing jumps to 40 centigrade and very few people a

39、ttempt to go out.2021/3/944 The monks prefer winter to summer of they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These

40、young people, who love the peace of mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernards monastery.2021/3/945 The monks prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy. prefer A to B prefer doing A to doing B Prefer to do/ doing Prefer to do sth. rather than do/doing2021/3/946-Forrest prefers

41、 to running rather than walk. 宁死不屈prefer to die rather than surrender2021/3/947 Privacy: 1. the state of being alone or not disturbed by other people . -An individuals right to privacy should be protected . -I need some privacy to finish my paper. in the privacy 私下地2021/3/948 Wander:1. to move about

42、 anywhere without a purpose -I was just wandering around the house. -They wandered down the street. -Students were wandering the halls. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. 2021/3/949 Compare: wander, roam & rambleCompare: wander, roam &

43、 ramble 1) wander-vi.漫步闲逛（无目的或固定路线的闲荡，可以指人或物）-wander about over the world漫游世界-wander through the woods徘徊于林中 2) roam-v.漫游, 闲逛, 徜徉（长时间无目的）-“Herds of horses and cattle roamed at will over the plain”“大群牛马无拘无束地在草原上漫步” 3) ramble-v.漫游（无目的漫步；讲话离题）-They would go off together, rambling along the river” “他们将一同

44、出发，沿着河流漫步” 2021/3/950 The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. A party of 一群 A community of monks A flood of refugees A galaxy of beauties2021/3/951Regular 1. orderly ; done or happening often 均匀的呼吸均匀的呼吸正常的心跳正常的心跳定期会议定期会议常事常事惯犯惯

45、犯常客常客稳定的工作稳定的工作regular breathingregular heartbeatregular meetingregular occurrence regular offendersregular customers固定的收入固定的收入a regular joba regular income2021/3/952 Party:1: a social occasion , at which people eat, drink, talk , dance and enjoy themselves .2.a political organization whose members

46、have the same aims and ideas .3. a group of people who are doing sth together such as travelling or visiting somewhere.4.one of people or groups of people involved in a legal agreement . -A birthday party / the Labour Party /A party of tourists /the two parties in the marriage contract - We are having a high school dance party. -The parties in the lawsuit reached a settlement.2021/3/953 Easter: the Sunday in March or A