【2019年高考英语二轮复习】完型填空解题技巧和方法(二)教案

1、适用学科高中英语适用年级局二适用区域全国通用课时时长（分钟）1课时1 .完型填空解题方法和技巧（二） 知识点I2 .不同文体的完型填空解题方法1 .培养学生根据上下文信息进行综合分析逻辑判断的能力2 .培养学生在具体语境中的词汇辨析能力教学目标3 .培养学生在语境中语法运用能力4 .加强学生对英美文化背景和生活常识的积累意识1 .培养学生阅读能力和一定的语篇分析能力教学重点2 .培养学生语法的运用能力，通过对完型填空解题技巧的概括，达到解题能力的提升教学难点 培养学生语篇理解能力和完型填空的解题方法和技巧 i ±A教学过程）Steve Jobs is really a success

2、 in computer field.Steve Jobs 1955-2011通过图片人物 乔布斯的展示 引出话题个残缺的苹果，这个残缺的苹果就像我们的完形填空，尽管不完整，但却很有吸引力。（这个类比很有趣， 也很贴切，增强趣味性）Step 1. Fill in the blanks with the strategiesSteve Jobs did what he loved to do in his lifeHe started Apple with Woz when he was 20. In ten years Apple had grown into a $2 billion com

3、pany with over 4,000 employees. 1, when he had just turned 30, he was rejected andgot 2 by Apple, which was destructive to him. But he didn' t want to abandon what heto do. He decided to 4 again. He set up a company named NeXT and it developed so well 5 in 1997 he returned to Apple with new tech

4、nology, which played a 6 role inthe boom of Apple.When asked what 7 him going, Jobs said his being fired by Apple was the 8thing that could have ever happened to him. He never lost . 9 and just continued what he loved.Step 2. Conclusion1、However 2、fired 3、loved 4、start5、so 6、major7、kept8、best9、faith

5、知识点1解题方法和技巧：一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择首句一般不设空。因此我们应重视首句，并利用首句预测短文的问题和全文内容。1. I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I wasand when I was 14 he said,“You' re never going to be anything but a failure.”A. brightB. uselessC. simpleD. hopeful2. Dorothy Brown was very happy as she sat in the theatre

6、listening to the mjsic. Today her little daughter Lauren was giving her first concert. She had been waiting for this moment for years and years. " Now it is h,eaelast, " she thought. " How b auti ul heis.”The song made her go back to the days when she was Lauren age. As a young girl,

7、Dorothywanted to be a concert singer. She studied 2 in France, Italy and in the United States.“You can become a fine 3 in the future,“ her teachers told her.“But you must be preparedD. lifeD.danceD. dancerto study hard and work for many years.1. A. voiceB.faceC.dress2. A. FrenchB.musicC.piano3. A. a

8、ctressB.studentC.singer【答案】A B C、根据逻辑推理解题and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange_ quite pleasant taste.A. besidesB. butC. andD. orStudents generally appreciate these special 50a opportunities. They are almost always fun and interesting, and profess

9、ors 51 them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.50. A. workingB. livingC. teachingD. learning51. A. holdB. likeC. dislikeD. discover【答案】D B三、根据找复现同现解题复现复现是一种词汇衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考 生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确答案。

10、(1)原词复现。为了表达的需要，在具体的上下文中同一个单词重复出现。如：All of a sudden I started to feel rather. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of . I felt even more helpless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job Without experience.A. encouragedB. dissatisfiedC. helplessD. pleasedA. placeB. jobC. advi

11、ceD. help【答案】C B(2)同义词、近义词复现。同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相同或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来。如：That is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the of it. The value in dollars is not important; we do it for the pleasure it gives us.A. benefitB. goodC. funD. interest【答案】C

12、(3)反义词复现。语意的连贯有时是通过对比结构而采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释，考生可以从反义的角度判断正确的选项。如：Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because it |doesn your money; it onlytightens itA. loosenB. weakenC. decrease D. reduce【答案】A(4)同源词复现。对于上下文语义复现的表达，还可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词。如：Many teachers believe that the responsibilities fo

13、r learning lie with the students. If a long reading assignment is given, the instructors expect students to be familiar with the information in the reading. When research is, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.A. collected B. assigned C. di

14、stributed D. finished(5)上义词复现。上义词具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有时为了表达的需要，作者会先概述，再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具体的下义词，两者为总分关系。如：Other times, he would join student groups to discuss a variety of : agriculture, diving and mathematics.A. questions B. subjectsC. mattersD. contents【答案】B同现同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一句话或同一语篇中，以确保语篇的和谐性、得体性。由

15、于单词意义的差别、所使用的语境不同，因此所使用的上下文也各有差异。(1)场所同现。如：On days, she woreheavy clothes and a pair of Woolen gloves. _A. sunnyB. rainyC. cloudyD. snowy【答案】D(2)修饰同现。如：Although these wide modern roadsare generally and well maintained, with little sharpcurves and many straight, a direct route is not always the most

16、enjoyable one.A. stableB. smoothC. splendidD. complicatedA. selectionsB. separationsC. seriesD. sections【答案】B D因果同现。如：Hooray! ” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest I had ever heard at a meeting. The first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finishing line.A. cheer B. shout C

17、. cry D. noise【答案】A(4)结构同现。如:Sometimes he would invite a student to a game of chess. , he would join student groups to discuss a variety of subjects: agriculture, diving, mathematics.A. As a matter of factB. Later on C. Other times D. In general【答案】C(5)同义同现。如：If a student has problem with classroom

18、work, the student should either a professorduring office hours or make an appointment.A. greetB. attachC. approachD. annoy【答案】C知识点2不同文体的完形填空解题方法1 .记叙文完形填空(1)读好短文首句，琢磨文章内容。这是做完形填空最重要的一步。完形填空一般无标题，而且首句一般不设空，是完整的一句话，信息就从这里开始，他暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确的利用首句信息对于把握答案的方向是极其重要和有效的。(2)读懂作者的态度。分析全文弄清作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情

19、，正确把握反映作者情感的关键词。(3)通读全文，掌握大意，理清各个角色，记述文一般有两个或多个角色，作者对不同角色的态度是不一样的，即便是他们做同样的事。(4)理顺事件的发生、经过和结局。记述文多数是按事情的发展顺序进行叙述的，理清文章的发展顺序才能把握文章的主脉。因此，先要理清人物间的关系及各自所作的事情，这样做题时可以再一次从时间上把握故事的进程。2 .议论文完形填空议论文完形填空不像记叙文形式那么有情景。因此，我们对整个文章的把握相对来说也难得多。解答这类题要遵循下列原则:(1)对于夹叙夹议形式的完形填空， 要把叙和议有机的结合起来。 有的学生不注意这一点，把叙述和议论分割开， 只顾选个

20、部分的答案， 没有注意事件和论点的联系，对全文的整体合一没有把握好，答案的正确率也必将大打折扣。(2)对于纯议论形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情况下，抓好每段的首句。抓住了每段的主旨句也就是把握了文章的脉络，理解文意就容易了。(3)理清文章的论点、论据有着相辅相成的关系，整个文章前后是一致的，故能说明论据的答案可以在论点里得到印证，论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机的结合起来。若所选答案前后矛盾，论据与论点相矛盾，最后结论与论点也就像矛盾，这就说明对文章的把握缺乏 条理性和系统性，需要重新理顺文章各个部分， 直到条理清楚为止， 再根据对全文的把握及 各部分的逻辑关系选出正确答案。3.说明文完

21、形填空作说明文完形填空时，先要弄清说明对象，是具体的实物还是理论性的概念。近几年的高考题，作者在文章的首句就直接提出要说明的对象。只有明确了说明的对象， 才能更好地掌握说明的具体内容。在掌握文章要说明的内容后，关键的是要把握文章的说明顺序，这是文章的主线。解这类题就如同画画，先是画轮廓，再画具体内容，最后润色。说明文的顺序主要 有：时间、空间、逻辑、认识顺序等。理清这些顺序以后，我们就很容易选出答案。最后一 步，我们要回过头来，依照文章的内容，将选择的答案代入各空，检查答案是否符合。要注意，有时所选答案针对某句某空是对的，但很可能在上下文中不合逻辑。这就需要进行调整，直到文章上下通达，顺序、条

22、理清晰为止。【2016年全国卷II】Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device（ 装置）on yourdesk. And they've never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you _22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you24 from the sound of you

23、r voice. That' s how powe5ultisePowerful, yes, but not always 26. For years I dealt with my travel agent only byphone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I ' never met27, got me rock-bottom prices onairfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28me. I sometimes wished to29another agent.On

24、e morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran intoRani ' office 31. The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympatheticallyjumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the34 immediately. " What a wonderful la

25、dy! ” I thought.Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, “ Bythe way, what ' your name" " I ' mRani, " she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold Rani was, well, so 38

26、.Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani ' s 39 -herwarm smile, her nods, her' I ' m here=40 you -were all silent signals that didn' t travelthrough wires. 21. A. acceptedB. noticedC. heardD. met【答案】D【解析】 根据第段中的 "Hundreds of people have form

27、ed impressions of you through that littledevice（装置）on your desk." 以及第二段中的 “ Rani, my faceless agent whom I ' d never met知，此处表示“事实上他们从来没有见过你”。故选D项。accept接受；notice注意到；hear听到；meet遇见。22. A. cameB. movedC. ranD. developed【答案】A【解析】此处表示“他们对你的一切了解都是通过这个装置（传达的）"，故选A项。come来； move移动；run跑；develop发

28、展。23. A. Thus【答案】BB. YetC. ThenD. Indeed【解析】 根据上文 " sometimes from hundreds of miles away” 以及下文的 "they feel they canknow you That ' s how powfel the 25 is.”可知，上下文为转折关系，故选 B项。24. A. ratherB. alsoC. justD. already【答案】C【解析】rather在一定程度上，相当地； also也；just仅仅；already已经。根据语境可知,此处表示他们认为仅仅通过你的声音他们

29、就可以了解你，故选 C项。25. A. telephoneB. voiceC. connectionD. impression【答案】A【解析】根据第一段中的"little device(装置)on your desk”及第二段中的"For years I dealt withmy travel agent only by phone.“可知，此处指的是电话 (telephone)。文章最后一段中的 wires也是提示，故选Ao26. A. directB. usefulC. easyD. accurate【答案】D【解析】根据第二段的内容可知，作者通过电话听到他的旅游代理

30、商的声音是冰冷的，让他感到不悦。而根据第三段中的" What a wonderful lady!"可知，作者亲自见到了Rani后，发现她本人与电话中的声音给人的感觉不一样。故选D项。accurate准确的。表示电话虽然是强大的，但传达的信息却并不总是准确的。27. A. in personB. by myselfC. in publicD. on purpose【答案】Ad never me皆从没亲自见过她,【解析】根据上文的" my fa celess agent whom I 故选 A 项。in person 亲自；by myself 单独； 独自；in pu

31、blic 公开的；当众； on purpose故意的。28. A. annoyedB. interestedC. discouraged D. confused【答案】 A【解析】根据上文的“ her cold voice really ”和下文内容可知，此处指的是“让我不悦” ，故选 A 项。 annoy 使不悦；使恼怒； interest 使感兴趣； discourage 使泄气； confuse 使困惑。29. A. promoteB. trainC. findD. know【答案】 C【解析】 因为 Rani 的声音让作者感到不悦， 所以作者有时希望能找到另一个代理商。 promote

32、促进；train 训练； find 找到； know 知道。30. A. arrangeB. postponeC. confirmD. book【答案】 D【解析】根据第三段中的 “ an immediate flight home for a family emergency ”以及最后一段中的“ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport ”可知，作者不得不立刻预定机票回家，故选 D 项。arrange 安排； postpone 推迟； confirm 证实； book 预定。31. A. for the first time B.

33、at any timeC. from time to time D. in good time【答案】 A【解析】第二段提到作者从未与Rani 见过面，而此处作者因家中有急事而不得不订票，所以推知此处表示作者第一次去Rani 的办公室。 for the first time 第一次； at any time 在任何时候； from time to time 有时； in good time 及时的。故选 A 项。32. A. expectingB. seeingC. testingD. avoiding【答案】 B【解析】因为作者已经进入 Rani 的办公室，所以此处表示“坐在桌旁的女士看到了

34、我的疯狂”，故选B项。expect期待；see看见；test测验；avoid避免。33. A. shyB. comfortingC. familiarD. forced【解析】根据上文的"sympathetically jumped up”以及空后的"smile”以及最后一段的 “herwarm smile”可知，此处表示“她给予我令人欣慰（ comforting ）微笑”，故选B项。34. A. billB. formC. ticketD. list【答案】C【解析】 根据上文的 " One morning, I had to 30 an immediate f

35、light home for a familyemergency.”可知，此处指的是“立刻打印出了票”，故选C项。35. A. hopefullyB. disappointedlyC. gratefullyD. regretfully【答案】C【解析】因为 Rani帮助作者很快地打出了票，所以作者应是很感激的（ gratefully ）跑了出去。故选 C项。hopefully充满希望地；disappointedly失望地；regretfully遗憾地。36. A. carefulB. seriousC. nervousD. pleasant【解析】 根据下文的" with a big

36、 smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip ” 可知，此处表示的是“一位友善（pleasant）女士”。37. A. amused【答案】DB. worriedC. helplessD. speechless【解析】根据下文的Why had I thought she was cold Rani was, well ”可知，作者亲自见到Rani之后，发现她本人与电话中的声音传达给自己的信息是很不同的，故作者应是（因吃惊）说不出话来。amused高兴的；worried担心的；helpless无助的；speechless （尤指气得或惊讶得）说

37、不出话来。38. A. calmB. niceC. proudD. clever【答案】B【解析】根据上文的内容，尤其是" What a wonderful lady!”可知B项正确。39. A. forgivenessB. eagernessC. friendlinessD. skillfulness【答案】C【解析】根据上文的内容（如 Rani帮助作者预定机票以及祝愿作者旅途愉快）可知， Rani 是友好的。 forgiveness 宽恕；eagerness渴望；friendliness 友好；skillfulness 有技巧； 灵巧。40. A. explanationB. a

38、ttitudeC. conceptD. behavior【答案】B【解析】根据语境可知，此处的“her, I'm here for you”应是属于工作态度，故选 B项。explanation 解释；attitude 态度；concept 观念；behavior 行为。It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes, The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are hel

39、d back in their intellectual （智力的）growth by 2 situation that has designed for the _ 3 children.There can be little doubt that 4 1_ classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these _5out of the regular classes maycreate serious probl

40、ems.I observed a number of _ 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying 8 on their teachers ' directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to refle

41、ct 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.Many are concerned that gifted children become _10 _ and lose interest in learning. However this11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and someof these _12 simply conclude that special classes should be set u

42、p for those who are 13. Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they _ 14 so goes far beyond thework they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child.1. A. principleB. theoryC. arguments D. classification【答案】B【解析】theory

43、意为 学说；理论；看法”其后的谓语动词为单数，不能选 C, principle原则;准则；原理；classification分类；类别。2. A. designingB. grouping C. learningD. living【答案】C【解析】learning situation学习环境。3. A. smartB. curiousC. matureD. average【答案】D【解析】average children普通的孩子与前句的gifted children相对应。4. A. regularB. specialC. smallD. creative【答案】B【解析】毫无疑问，特长班能

44、够帮助有天赋的学生早点毕业，尽快就职。5. A. childrenB. programs C. graduates D. designs【答案】A【解析】把这些有天赋的孩子们从普通班里选走可能会造成严重的问题。6. A. intelligentB. competent C. ordinary D. independent【答案】A【解析】intelligent聪明的；competent能胜任的；ordinary普通的；independent自主的。7. A. separateB. regularC. newD. boring【答案】B【解析】regular class普通班。8. A. spe

45、ciallyB. slightlyC. wronglyD. Heavily【答案】C【解析】heavily意为严重的”，句意为:在特长班由于严重依赖老师的指导，他们几乎不能表现出自己的判断能力。9. A, directlyB. cleverlyC. voluntarilyD. quickly直接思考许多问题与前面的rely on相对应。【解析】 reflect directly on many problems10. A. doubtedB. boredC. worriedD. tired【解析】从后面的lose interest 可知。11. A. concernB. conclusionC

46、. reflectionD. interest【解析】前句的Many are concerned that 已提示。12. A. studentsB. adultsC. scholarsD. teachers【解析】adults指前面的 parents and teachers13. A. talentedB. worriedC. learnedD. interested【解析】talented与gifted同义。14. A. believeB. thinkC. sayD. feel【解析】 由前句 Some top students do feel bored in class 可知。15.

47、 A. outstandingB. intelligentC. anxiousD. ordinary【解析】 由前句 Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious 可知。Farley worked for the Canadian government. One day, he was 1 to learn more about wolves. Do wolves kill lots of caribou （北美驯鹿）？ Do they kill people?They gave him lots of food and clothe

48、s and guns. Then they put him on a plane and took him to 2 . The plane put him down and went away. There were no houses or people in this place. But there were lots of animals and lots of wolves.People tell terrible stories about wolves. They say wolves like to kill and eat people. Farley remembered

49、 these stories, and he was 3 . He had his gun with him 4.Then one day, he saw a group of wolves. There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves. A father wolf and another young wolf lived with them.Farley watched these wolves every day. The mother was a very 5 mother. She gave milk to her babies. She

50、 gave them lessons about life. They learned how to 6 food. The father wolf got food for the mother. The young wolf _ 7 the children. They were a nice, happy family wolf family! Farley did not need his 8 any more. In a short time, he got on well with the family. Farley watched them for five months. H

51、e learned that many stories about the wolves were 9 . Wolves do not eat people, and they do not eat many large animals. And he also learned bad things about men. It was men who killed many caribou and wolves.Later, Farley wrote a book about wolves. He wanted people to _ 10 them and not to kill them.

52、1 .A. seenB. toldC. heardD. found【答案】B【解析】Farley是政府工作人员。从上下文得知，他是被派去进行调查和研究狼的习性的，故选told。2 . A. a small town B. a big city C. a far place D. a lonely village根据下文飞机把Farley 送到了一个没有房屋和人的地方, 说明了这个地方不可能是城市 ,小镇和村庄故a far place 为正确答案。3. A. afraidB. happyC. angryD. tired【解析】狼吃人的恐怖故事给孤身一人的Farley 带来的应是afraid 。4

53、. A. at timesB. all the timeC. once a week D. every afternoon【答案】 BFarley 害怕 , 所以枪应始终不能离身。 all the time 意为 “一直、始终 ” 。5. A. badB. goodC. hungryD. thirsty【解析】根据下文的描述，狼妈妈给孩子们喂奶，对孩子们进行训练，可见是一位好妈妈，故选good。6. A. cookB. makeC. getD. pick【答案】 C【解析】狼只能猎取食物 , 而不能烧食物, 生产食物。 get 合乎文意，为正确答案。7. A. shouted atB. loo

54、ked into C. laughed at D. played with【答案】 D【解析】shout at意为 朝大声叫喊”;look into意为 调查、观察”；laugh at意为 嘲笑”。这三个词组都不符文意。play with意为和一起玩耍”，合文意为正确答案。8. A. foodB. clothesC. gunD. plane【答案】 C【解析】 the nice happy wolf family 让 Farley 不再害怕， 因此也就不再需要枪了， 故选择 gun。9. A. not goodB. not trueC. not easy D. not clear【解析】因为他

55、的亲身体验与他所听到的相违背，说明以前关于狼的说法是不对的 ，故选not true。10. A. growB. haveC. teachD. understand【答案】D【解析】understand意为了解”合乎文意，为正确答案。We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be 1 toother people. It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are 2 wrong, too.For inst

56、ance, we should not hurt or bully（欺负）others, nor should we litter. Rules often tell uswhat is right or wrong.Rules can help the public make the right 3, and remain safe. Car drivers have to obeytraffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent 4.If people follow rules withouttaking other matters into co