八年级外研版下册英语+模块语法聚焦四

1、模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四语法点击语法点击现在完成时态现在完成时态( (三三) )1 1如果要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现如果要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在，则要用现在完成时态。这时，句子通常要与表示一段时间在，则要用现在完成时态。这时，句子通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由forfor或或sincesince来引导。需要注来引导。需要注意的是，意的是，_后面接一段时间，而后面接一段时间，而 _ _ 后面接时间后面接时间点或过去时态的句子，即点或过去时态的句子，即 _ _ 用来说明动作延续的时间用来说明动作延续的时间

2、长度，长度，_用来说明动作的起始时间。例如：用来说明动作的起始时间。例如：I have lived in Hebei for ten years.I have lived in Hebei for ten years.我在河北已经住了十年。我在河北已经住了十年。forforsincesinceforforsincesinceHe has been in this school since 2000.He has been in this school since 2000.自从自从20002000年起，他就在这所学校了。年起，他就在这所学校了。My sister has learnt Engl

3、ish since she was four.My sister has learnt English since she was four.我姐姐从我姐姐从4 4岁起就开始学英语。岁起就开始学英语。2 2如果要对现在完成时态句子中的时间状语进行提问，如果要对现在完成时态句子中的时间状语进行提问，通常要用通常要用 _ _。例如：。例如：How long have you studied English?How long have you studied English? 你学英语学了多长时间了？你学英语学了多长时间了？For four years. For four years. 四年了。四年

4、了。How long has he taught here?How long has he taught here?他在这儿教书多长时间了？他在这儿教书多长时间了？Since five years ago.Since five years ago.自从五年前。自从五年前。how longhow long模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四3 3在现在完成时态的句子中，短暂性动词一般不能与时在现在完成时态的句子中，短暂性动词一般不能与时间段连用，但在间段连用，但在 _ _ 中，则一般可以和表示一段时间中，则一般可以和表示一段时间的的forfor短语连用。例如：短语连用。例如：I have stayed

5、in the hotel for a week.I have stayed in the hotel for a week.我已经在这家宾馆待了一周了。我已经在这家宾馆待了一周了。My parents havent seen me for two years.My parents havent seen me for two years. 我父母有两年没见我了。我父母有两年没见我了。He hasnt come to school for a week.He hasnt come to school for a week.他一周没来上学了。他一周没来上学了。 注意注意 短暂性动词不能和表示一段时

6、间的时间状语连用，短暂性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，但如果要保留表示一段时间的时间状语，必须将短暂性动词改但如果要保留表示一段时间的时间状语，必须将短暂性动词改为延续性动词。常见的短暂性动词转换为延续性动词如下：为延续性动词。常见的短暂性动词转换为延续性动词如下：否定句否定句模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四(1)fall asleepbe asleep (1)fall asleepbe asleep (2)begin/startbe on(2)begin/startbe on(3)buyhave(3)buyhave(4)diebe dead (4)diebe dead (5)comebe

7、 in(5)comebe in(6)arrivebe here(6)arrivebe here(7)joinbe in/be a member of(7)joinbe in/be a member of(8)finish/endbe over(8)finish/endbe over(9)leavebe away(9)leavebe away(10)borrowkeep(10)borrowkeep(11)begin to studystudy(11)begin to studystudy(12)come backbe back (12)come backbe back 模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦

8、四4 4现在完成时态还经常用于现在完成时态还经常用于“Its the Its the first/secondtime that”first/secondtime that”结构中。例如：结构中。例如：Its the first time that I have visited here.Its the first time that I have visited here.这是我第一次参观这里。这是我第一次参观这里。It will be the third time that you have seen the It will be the third time that you have

9、seen the film with me.film with me.这将是你第三次和我一起看电影。这将是你第三次和我一起看电影。模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四实战演练实战演练.单项填空单项填空( ()1.Look at these stamps. I _ them for )1.Look at these stamps. I _ them for five years.five years.Wow, they are wonderful.Wow, they are wonderful.A Akept Bkept Bhave kept have kept C Chave bought Dhave

10、 bought Dboughtbought 答案答案 B B模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()2.)2.20152015昆明昆明 Long time no see! Long time no see! Oh! It_ five years since we met last time.Oh! It_ five years since we met last time.A Awas Bwas BwerewereC Chas been Dhas been Dhave beenhave been 解析解析 C C考查现在完成时。句意：考查现在完成时。句意：“很长时间没见了！很长时间没见了！”“”“

11、自从上次我们见面五年了。自从上次我们见面五年了。”since”since是现在完成时的标是现在完成时的标志词，前面主语是志词，前面主语是itit，故用，故用has beenhas been，选，选C C。模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()3.Our foreign teacher Mr Green_ us )3.Our foreign teacher Mr Green_ us English since three years ago.English since three years ago.A Ahas taught Bhas taught Bis teaching is teachin

12、g C Ctaught Dtaught Dteachesteaches 答案答案 A A模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()4.Weve lived here _ 1980.)4.Weve lived here _ 1980.So youve lived here _ more than 30 So youve lived here _ more than 30 years.years.A Asince; for Bsince; for Bfor; sincefor; sinceC Cfor; for Dfor; for Din; sincein; since 解析解析 A A19801980

13、是一个时间点，所以用是一个时间点，所以用since; more than since; more than 30 years30 years是一个时间段，要用是一个时间段，要用forfor。故选。故选A A。模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()5.)5.20142014安徽安徽 Rick has learned a lotabout Rick has learned a lotabout Chinese culture _ he came to China.Chinese culture _ he came to China.A Abefore Bbefore BwhenwhenC Cunti

14、l Duntil Dsincesince 解析解析DD考查连词的用法。句意：考查连词的用法。句意：RickRick已经学了许多已经学了许多中国文化中国文化 _他来到中国。他来到中国。beforebefore意为意为“在在之前之前”；whenwhen意为意为“当当的时候的时候”；untiluntil意为意为“直到直到”；sincesince意为意为“自从自从”。sincesince引导过去时态的时间状语从句时，其主引导过去时态的时间状语从句时，其主句用现在完成时。故选句用现在完成时。故选D D。模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()6._ have you learned Chinese?)6._

15、 have you learned Chinese?For 3 years.For 3 years.A AHow often BHow often BHow muchHow muchC CHow long DHow long DHow soonHow soon 解析解析 C C由答语由答语“For 3 years.”For 3 years.”可知，上句是问可知，上句是问“多长时多长时间间”，故选，故选C C。模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()7.Mr Green _ from his home town for 3 )7.Mr Green _ from his home town for 3

16、 years.years.A Ahas been away Bhas been away Bhas gonehas goneC Chas left Dhas left Dhas comehas come 解析解析 A A句中句中“for 3 years”for 3 years”是一个时间段，因此要是一个时间段，因此要与延续性动词连用，故选与延续性动词连用，故选A A。模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()8.2015)8.2015乌鲁木齐乌鲁木齐Mr Brown_his home town Mr Brown_his home town since he_the army.since he_the

17、 army.A Ahas left; joined has left; joined B Bhas been away from; has joinedhas been away from; has joinedC Chas been away from; joined has been away from; joined D Dleft; joinedleft; joined 解析解析 C C考查动词的时态以及延续性动词与非延续性考查动词的时态以及延续性动词与非延续性动词的辨析。动词的辨析。sincesince引导的状语从句的谓语是非延续性动词的引导的状语从句的谓语是非延续性动词的过去时，主

18、句的谓语动词应用延续性动词的现在完成时。过去时，主句的谓语动词应用延续性动词的现在完成时。leaveleave是非延续性动词，不能和一段时间连用。是非延续性动词，不能和一段时间连用。be away frombe away from是延续性动词，可以和一段时间连用。所以选择答案是延续性动词，可以和一段时间连用。所以选择答案C C。模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四( ()9.He _ for ten years.)9.He _ for ten years.A Ahas been married Bhas been married BmarriedmarriedC Cgot married Dgot m

19、arried Dhas marriedhas married( ()10.How long has Robert _)10.How long has Robert _？Since 2004.Since 2004.A Abeen to Beijing Bbeen to Beijing Bbecome a policemanbecome a policemanC Cjoined the art club Djoined the art club Dstudied in this schoolstudied in this school 答案答案 9.A 10.D 9.A 10.D模块语法聚焦四模块

20、语法聚焦四.用用forfor和和sincesince填空填空1 1She has worked here _ 2014. She has worked here _ 2014. 2 2We have known each other _ six years. We have known each other _ six years. 3 3He has learnt about 1He has learnt about 1，000 English words 000 English words _ he went to college. _ he went to college. 4 4I h

21、ave known him _ two years ago. I have known him _ two years ago. 5 5She has been away _ about four years. She has been away _ about four years. sincesinceforforsincesincesincesinceforfor模块语法聚焦四模块语法聚焦四6 6He has been a league member _ two He has been a league member _ two years.years.7 7I have studied English _ 2009.I have studied English _ 2009.8 8Mr Brown has been in Shanghai _ about Mr Brown has been in Shanghai _ about two weeks.two weeks.9 9Its three years _ the old man died.Its three years _ the old man died.1010The film has been on _ about ten The film has been on _ a