Unit 16 In History历史

1、Unit 16 In HistoryUnit 16 In HistoryWord bank siege 包围包围execute 处死处死extermination 灭绝灭绝overland route 陆路陆路civilian 平民平民rip 撕；扯撕；扯dispossess 使使无家可归无家可归impede 阻挡；妨碍阻挡；妨碍din 嘈杂声嘈杂声cannonading 炮轰炮轰butchery 屠杀；残杀屠杀；残杀ruins 废墟废墟coolie 苦力苦力loot 不义之财不义之财jab 刺；戳；捅刺；戳；捅1.bayonet 刺刀刺刀Mass Killing in Nanking NAN

2、KING (from the U.S. gunboat OAHU), December 15 (1937) “Four days in hell” would be the most fitting way to describethe siege and capture of Nanking I have just got on the gun-boat Oahu with the first group of foreigners to leave the capital since the attack began. The last thing we saw as we left th

3、e city was a band of three hundred Chinese being methodically executed before the wall near the waterfront, where already dead bodies were piled knee-deep. It was a characteristic picture of the mad Nanking scene of the last few days. The story of Nankings fall is a story of unspeakable fear and con

4、fusion among the entrapped Chinese defenders, followed by big terror by the Japanese army which cost thousands of lives, many of them innocent ones. The Japanese could have completed the occupation of the remainders of the city almost without firing a shot, for most of the trapped Chinese soldiers h

5、ad thrown away their arms and would surrender. However, they chose the way of systematic extermination. It was like killing sheep. How many troops were trapped and killed it is difficult to estimate, but it may be anywhere between 5,000 and 20,000. With the overland routes cut off, the Chinese swarm

6、ed to the river through the Hsiakwan gate, which became quickly choked.Streets throughout the city were littered with the bodies of civilians and abandoned Chinese equipment and uniforms. Many troops who were unable to obtain boats across the river leaped into the river to almost certain death. The

7、Japanese invaded foreign properties, among them the houses of the American ambassador, Nelson T. Johnson. In the American-operated University Hospital they robbed the nurses of watches and money. They stole at least two American-owned cars, ripping off the flags. Theyeven invaded the camps of refuge

8、es,robbing many poor of the few dollarsthey owned. This account is based on the obser-vations of myself and other foreignersremaining in Nanking throughout the capture of Nanking I saw Chinese troops applying the torch to whole blocks of homes and shops around the city walls, dispossessing thousands

9、 in an attempt to impede the Japanese attack. I saw a two-day attack of Nankings defenses, which finally softened and crushed Chinese resistance I heard the din of cannonading and machine-gunning accom- panying the final Japanese attack on the strongly-held south gate, where high torches of flame li

10、t up the battlefield. Later a scene of butchery outside that gate where the dead bodies of at least 1,000 soldiers lie in every imaginable posture of death, among a confusion of fallen telephone and power lines and burnt ruins apparently trapped by the closing of the gates. These things , too, I saw

11、: Japanese soldiers forcing cooliesand donkeys into service to carrytheir loot; Japanese machine gun- ners moving through the streetsin the moonlight, killing anyone whoran and some who did not; Japanesesearching houses one after anotherand arresting many plain-clothessuspects, many of these bound m

12、enbeing shot one by one. I saw the Japanese beating andjabbing helpless civilians, and in thehospitals I saw many civilians suffering from bayonet wounds. I saw the dead scattered along every street, including some old men who could not possibly have harmed anyone; also heaps of the bodies of men wh

13、o had been shot to death. Outside the northern gate I saw rope ladders, strips of clothing and blankets hanging from the city after finding the gate choked, only to fall into a deadlier trap.True/False ExercisesThe last thing that the first group of foreign saw upon leaving Nanjing was a dozen of Ch

14、inese being killed one by one before the wall near the waterfront.The Japanese occupied the remainder of Nanjing without a shot fire.According to the report, the number of Chinese troops trapped and killed was estimated to be between 5,000 and 20,000.Streets throughout Nanjing were littered with the

15、 bodies of Chinese civilians and soldiers.In the US-operated University Hospital the Japanese invaders robbed the doctors and nurses of their watches and money.Japanese machine gunners moved through the streets in the moonlight, killing those who ran and arresting some who did not.FFTFFFTips for Rea

16、ding新闻语句中的新词新义新闻语句中的新词新义新事催生新词新事催生新词政治因素政治因素 McCarthyism 麦卡锡主义麦卡锡主义 Blairism 布莱尔政策布莱尔政策 Commonwealth of Independent States（CIS）独联体）独联体经济因素经济因素Euro 欧元欧元 Euroland 欧元区欧元区 bar code 条形码条形码pedestrian mall 步行街步行街科技因素科技因素Info-window 信息视窗信息视窗 netspeak 网语网语 biopesticide 生物杀虫剂生物杀虫剂 liposuction 吸脂术吸脂术社会因素社会因素Ne

17、w-collar 新领新领 gold-collar 金领金领 pink-collar 粉领粉领open-collar 开领开领 moonscape 月面景色月面景色 space sickness 宇航病宇航病 webzine 网络杂志网络杂志 War in Europe Ended Surrender is Unconditional REIMS, FRANCE, MAY 7, 1945 (AP) Germany surrenderedunconditionally to the Western allies (盟国盟国) and the Soviet Unionat 2:41 A.M. Fr

18、ench time today. (This was at 8:41 P.M. Easternwar time, Sunday, May 6, 1945.) The surrender took place at a little red schoolhouse that is theheadquarters of General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Lieutenant General (中将中将) Walter Dedell Smith, chief of staff(谋长谋长) for General Eisenhower, signed the surrende

19、r for theSupreme Allied Command. It was also signed by General Ivan Susloparov of the SovietUnion and by General Francois Sesez for France. General Eisenhower was not present at the signing, butimmediately afterward the Supreme Commander received GeneralJodl and his fellow General delegate, General Admiral(海军上将海军上将)Hans Georg Freideburg. War in Europe Ended Surrender is Unconditional They were asked seriously if they understood the surrenderconditions forced upon Germany and if they would b