测绘学名词中英文对照大全

1、测绘学名词中英文对照大全01.总类序码汉文名英文名注释01.001测绘学surveyingandmapping,SM01.002中华人民共和国测绘法LawofSurveyingandMappingofthePeople/sRepublicofChina01.003测绘标准Standardsofsurveyingandmapping01.004测量规范Specificationsofsurveys01.005地形图图式Topographicmapsymbols01.006大地测量学geodesy01.007地球形状Earthshape,figureoftheearth01.008重力基准网Gra

2、vitystandardnetwork01.009重力场Gravityfield01.010地心坐标系Geocentriccoordinatesystem01.011地球椭球Earthellipsoid01.012大地原点Geodeticorigin01.013水准原点Levelingorigin01.014测量标志Surveymark01.015测量觇标Observationtarget01.016高稈基准Heightdatum01.0171954年北京坐标系Beijinggeodeticcoordinatesystem195401.018高程系统Heightsystem01.019平均海体

3、面Meansealevel01.020黄海平均海水面Huanghaimeansealevel01.021海拔Heightabovesealevel01.022海军导航卫星系统NavyNavigationSatelliteSystem，NNSS01.023NAVSTA全球定位系统NAVSTARlobalpositioningSystem，NAVSTARGpS01.024惯性测量系统inertialsurveyingsystem，ISS01.025摄影测量与遥感学Photogrammetryandremotesensing01.026航空摄影测量aerophotogrammetry,aerialp

4、hotogrammetry01.027航天摄影测量spacephotogrammetry又称“太空摄影测量。01.028非地形摄影测量non-topographicphotogrammetry01.029水下摄影测量Underwaterphotogrammetry01.030航空航天摄影aerospacephotogrammetry01.031航空遥感Aerialremotesensing01.032航天遥感Spaceremotesensing01.033图象image01.034影象image,imagery01.035图形Graphics01.036判读interpretation又称“判

5、释”、“解译”。01.037模拟摄影测量Analogphotogrammetry01.038解析摄影测量Analyticalphotogrammetry，numericalphotogrammetry01.039数字摄影测量Digitalphotogrammetry01.040数字地图模型DigitalderrainmodelQTM又称“数值地型”。01.041遥感图象处理Imageprocessingofremotesenssing01.042遥感模式识别Patternrecognitionofremotesensing01.043地图制图学cartography又称“地图学”。01.044

6、地理坐标网Geographicgraticule01.045经纬网Fictitiousgraticule01.046方里网Kilometergrid01.047邻带方里网gridofneighboringzone01.048坐标格网Coordinategrid01.049地理坐标参考系Geographicalrefereneesystem，GEOREF01.050地图maP01.051地形图topographicmap01.052平面图plan01.053普通地图generalmap01.054专题地图thematicmap101.055地图集atlas01.056地球仪globe01.057

7、地图规范Mapspecifications01.058地图生产Mapproduction01.059地图投影Mapprojecrion01.060地图编制Mapcompilation又称“编图”。01.061地图复制Mapreproduction01.062地图印刷Mapprinting01.063地图利用mapuse01.064地图量算cartometry01.065机助地图制图computeraidedcartography,computerassistedcartography,CAC01.066自动化制图Automaticcartography01.067自动绘图Automaticpl

8、otting01.068图形显示Graphicdisplay01.069遥感制图Remotesensingmapping01.070地名学Toponomastics,toponymy01.071地名Geographicalname,placename01.072工程测量学Engineeringsurveying01.073比例尺scale01.074基本比例尺Basicscale01.075等高线contour01.076等高距Contourinterval01.077测量平差Surveyadjustment，adjustmentofobservations01.078精度估计precisio

9、nestimation01.079精密度precision01.080准确度accuracy01.081偶然误差Accidenterror01.082系统误差Systematiccerror01.083粗差Grosserror01.084、r,、八常差Constanterror01.085多余观测Redundantobservation01.086闭合差Closingerror,closure01.087限差Toleranee01.088相对误差Relativeerror01.089绝对误差Absoluteerror01.090中误差Meansquareerror01.091误差椭圆Error

10、ellipse01.092边长中误差meansquareerrorofsidelength01.093测角中误差meansquareerrorofangleobservation01.094方位角中误差meansquareerrorofazimuth01.095坐标中误差meansquareerrorofcoordinate01.096点位中误差meansquareerrorofapoint01.097咼程中误差meansquareerrorofheight01.098国土基础信息系统landbaseinformationsystem01.099大地控制数据库geodeticdatabase0

11、1.100重力数据库gravimetricdatabase01.101地形数据库topographicdatabase01.102地理信息系统geographicalinformationsystem，GIS01.103地图数据库mapdatabase01.104地图数据库管理系统cartographicdatabasemanagementsystem01.105地名数据库placenamedatabase01.106地籍信息系统cadastralinformationsystem01.107土地信息系统landinformationsystem,LIS01.108制图专家系统cartogra

12、phicexpertsystem01.109海洋测绘hydrographicsurveyingandcharting01.110测绘仪器instrumentofsurveyingandmapping01.111大地测量仪器geodeticinstrument01.112测距仪distaneemeasuringinstrument,rangefinder01.113重力仪gravimeter01.114定位系统positioningsystem01.115摄影测量仪器photogrammetricinstrument01.116立体测图仪stereoplotter01.117数字摄影测量工作站d

13、igitalphotogrammetricstation01.118全数字化自fulldigitalautomaticmapping测图系统system01.119图形输入设备graphicinputunit01.120图形输出设备graphicoutputunit01.121中国测绘学会ChineseSocietyofSurveyingandMapping,CSSM01.122国际测绘联合会InternationalUnionofSurveyingandMapping，IUSM01.123国际测量师联合会FederationInternationaledesGeometres，FIG（法）0

14、1.124国际大地测量学与地球物理学InternationalUnionofGeodesyandGeophysics，IUGG01.125国际大地测量学协会InternationalAssociationofGeodesyIAG01.126国际摄影测量与遥感学会InternationalSocietyforPhotogrammetryandRemoteSensing，ISPRS01.127国际地图学InternationalCartographic协会Association,ICA01.128国际海道测量组织InternationalHydrographyOrganization,IHO02.

15、大地测量学02.001大地测量geodeticsurveying02.002几何大地测量学geometricgeodesy02.003椭球面大地测量学ellipsoidalgeodesy02.004大地天文学geodeticastronomy02.005物理大地测量学（又称大地重力学）physicalgeodesy02.006空间大地测量学spacegeodesy02.007卫星大地测量学satellitegeodesy02.008动力大地测量学dynamicgeodesy02.009海洋大地测量学marinegeodesy02.010月面测量学lunargeodesy，selenodesy0

16、2.011行星测量学planetarygeodesy02.012天文大地网（又称“国家大地网”）astro-geodeticnetwork02.013参考椭球referenceellipsoid02.014贝塞尔椭球Besselellipsoid02.015海福德椭球Hayfordellipsoid02.016克拉索夫斯基椭球Krasovskyellipsoid02.017参考椭球定位orientationofreferenceellipsoid02.018大地基准geodeticdatum02.019大地坐标系geodeticcoordinatesystem02.020弧度测量arcmeas

17、urement02.021拉普拉斯方位角Laplaceazimuth02.022拉普拉斯点Laplacepoint02.023三角测量triangulation02.024三角点triangulationpoint02.025三角锁triangulationchain02.026三角网triangulationnetwork02.027图形权倒数weightreciprocaloffigure02.028菲列罗公式Ferrerosformula02.029施赖伯全组合测角法Schreibermethodinallcombinations02.030方向观测法methodofdirectiono

18、bservation，methodbyseries02.031测回observationset02.032归心元素elementsofcentring02.033归心改正correctionforcentring02.034水平折光差（又称“旁折光差”）horizontalrefractionerror02.035基线测量basemeasurement02.036基线baseline02.037基线网basenetwork02.038精密导线测量precisetraversing02.039三角高程测量trigonometricleveling02.040三角高程网trigonometricl

19、evelingnetwork02.041铅垂线plumbline02.042天顶距zenithdistance02.043高度角elevationangle，altitudeangle02.044垂直折光差verticalrefractionerror02.045垂直折光系数verticalrefractioncoefficient02.046国家水准网nationallevelingnetwork02.047精密水准测量Preciseleveling02.048水准面levelsurface02.049高程height02.050正高orthometricheight02.051正常高nor

20、malheight02.052力高dynamicheight02.053地球位数geopotentialnumber02.054水准点benchmark02.055水准路线levelingline02.056跨河水准测量rivercrossingleveling02.057椭球长半径majorradiusofellipsoid02.058椭球扁率flatteningofellipsoid02.059椭球偏心率eccentricityofellipsoid02.060子午面meridianplane02.061子午圈meridian02.062卯酉圈primevertical02.063平行圈p

21、arallelcircle02.064法截面normalsection02.065子午圈曲率半径radiusofcurvatureinmeridian02.066卯酉圈曲率半径radiusofcurvatureinprimevertical02.067平均曲率半径meanradiusofcurvature02.068大地线geodesic02.069大地线微分方程differentialequationofgeodesic02.070大地坐标geodeticcoordinate02.071大地经度geodeticlongitude02.072大地纬度geodeticlatitude02.073

22、大地高geodeticheight，ellipsoidalheight02.074大地方位角geodeticazimuth02.075天文大地垂线偏差astrogeodeticdeflectionofthevertical02.076垂线偏差改正correctionfordeflectionofthevertical02.077标高差改正correctionforskewnormals02.078截面差改正correctionfromnormalsectiontogeodetic02.079大地主题正解directsolutionofgeodeticproblem02.080大地主题反解inv

23、ersesolutionofgeodeticproblem02.081高斯中纬度公式Gaussmidlatitudeformula02.082贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Besselformulaforsolutionofgeodeticproblem02.083高斯一克吕格投影GaussKrugerprojection又称“高斯投影”02.084归化纬度reducedlatitude02.085等量纬度isometriclatitude02.086中央子午线centralmeridian02.087分带子午线zonedividingmeridian02.088高斯平面子午线收敛角Gaussgrid

24、convergence02.089高斯投影距离改正distancecorrectionInGaussprojection02.090高斯投影方向改正arctochordcorrectionInGaussprojection02.091底点纬度latitudeofpedal02.092高斯平面坐标Gaussplanecoordinate02.093坐标方位角gridbearing02.094天文点astronomicalpoint02.095基本天文点fundamentalastronomicalpoint02.096本初子午线primemeridian02.097经度起算点originoflo

25、ngitude02.098极移polarmotion02.099瞬时极instantaneouspole02.100平极meanpole02.101固定平极fixedmeanpole02.102历元平极meanpoleoftheepoch02.103国际协议原点ConventionalInternationalOrigin，CIO02.104地极坐标coordinatesofthepole02.105地球自转参数earthrotationparameter，ERP02.106恒星时Siderealtime02.107世界时universaltim，UT02.108协调世界时coordinate

26、duniversaltime，UTC02.109天文年历astronomicalephemeris，astronomicalalmanac02.110FK4星表FourthFundamentalCatalogue,FK402.111FK5星表FifthFundamentalCatalogue,FK502.112天文坐标astronomicalcoordinate02.113天文经度astronomicallongitude02.114天文纬度astronomicallatitude02.115天文方位角astronomicalazimuth02.116津格尔星对测时法（又称“东西星等高测时法”

27、）methodoftimedeteminationbyZingerstarpair02.117中天法transitmethod02.118恒星中天测时法methodoftimedeterminationbystartransit02.119塔尔科特测纬度法Talcottmethodoflatitudedetermination02.120多星等高法equalaltitudemethodofmultistar02.121北极星任意时角法methodbyhourangleofPolaris02.122时号timesignal02.123平时式时号meantimesignal02.124协调世界时时

28、号timesignalinUTC02.125收时timereceiving02.126时号改正数correctiontotimesignal02.127电波传播时延改正correctionforradiowavepropagationoftimesignal02.128轴颈误差errorofpivot02.129人仪差personalandinstrumentalequation02.130星径曲率改正correctionforcurvatureofstarimagepath02.131重力位gravitypotential02.132重力gravity02.133引力gravitation0

29、2.134离心力centrifugalforce02.135引力位gravitationalpotential02.136离心力位potentialofcentrifugalforce02.137正常引力位normalgravitationalpotential02.138正常重力位normalgravitypotential02.139地球位geopotential又称“大地位”。02.140扰动位disturbingpotential02.141正常重力normalgravity02.142正常重力线normalgravityline02.143正常重力公式normalgravityfor

30、mula02.144扰动重力disturbinggravity02.145平均地球椭球meanearthellipsoid02.146正常椭球normalellipsoid02.147水准椭球levelellipsoid02.148大地测量参考系geodeticreferencesystem02.149地心引力常数geocentricgravitationalconstant02.150地球长半径majorsemiaxisoftheearth02.151地球扁率flatteningfactorfortheearth，oblatenessoftheearth02.152地球自转角速度rotati

31、onalangularvelocityoftheearth02.153地球重力模型earthgravitymodel02.154地球位系数potentialcoefficientoftheearth02.155带谐系数coefficientofzonalharmonics02.156扇谐系数coefficientofsectorialharmonics02.157田谐系数coefficientoftesseralharmonics02.158克莱罗定理Clairauttheorem02.159大地测量边值问题geodeticboundaryvalueproblem02.160斯托克斯理论Sto

32、kestheory02.161斯托克斯公式Stokesformula02.162莫洛坚斯基理论Molodenskytneory02.163莫洛竖斯基公式Molodenskyformula02.164布耶哈马问题Bjerhammarproblem02.165布隆斯公式Brunsformula02.166费宁梅内斯公式VeningMeineszformula曾用名“维宁曼乃兹公式”02.167大地水准面geoid02.168调整大地水准面cogeoid又称“共大地水准面”。02.169似大地水准面quasigeoid02.170近似地形面telluroid02.17I大地水准面起伏geoldalu

33、ndulation02.172大地水准面高geoldalheight02.173高程异常heightanomaly02.174天文水准astronomicalleveling02.175天文重力水准astrogravimetricleveling02.176垂线偏差deflectionofthevertical02.177绝对垂线偏差absolutedeflectionofthevertical02.178重力垂线偏差gravimetricdeflectionofthevertical02.179重力测量gravitymeasurement，gravimetry02.180微重力测量micro

34、gravimetry02.181绝对重力测量absolutegravitymeasurement02.182相对重力测量relativegravitymeasurement02.183航空重力测量airbornegravitymeasurement02.184重力梯度测量gravitygradientmeasurement，gradiometry02.185重力基线gravimetricbaseline02.186重力点gravimetricpoint02.187基本重力点basicgravimetricpoint02.188世界重力基点worldwidegravimetricbasicpoi

35、nt02.189波茨坦重力系统Potsdamabsolutegravimetricsystem02.190零漂改正correctionofzerodrift02.191重力潮汐改正correctionofgravitymeasurementfortide02.192重力归算gravityreduction02.193空间改正freeaircorrection02.194地形改正topographiccorrection02.195法伊改正Fayecorrection02.196庞加莱改正Poincarcorrection02.197地壳均衡改正isostaticcorrection02.198

36、布格改正Bouguercorrection02.199重力异常gravityanomaly02.200布格异常Bougueranomaly02.201空间异常freeairanomaly02.202混合重力异常mixedgravityanomaly02.203纯重力异常puregravityanomaly02.204重力垂直梯度verticalgradientofgravity02.205重力水平梯度horizontalgradientofgravity02.206重力异常阶方差degreevarianceofgravityanomaly02.207协方差函数covariancefunctio

37、n02.208固体潮solidEarthtide02.209固体潮观测observationofEarthtide02.210地倾斜观测groundtiltmeasurement02.211地壳形变测量crustdeformationmeasurement02.212监测网monitoringnetwork02.213引潮位tidegeneratingpotential02.214引潮力tidegeneratingforce02.215平衡潮equilibriumtide02.216载荷潮loadtide02.217附加位additionalpotential02.218潮汐波tidalwav

38、e02.219潮汐频谱tidalspectrum02.220杜德森常数Doodsonconstant02.221勒夫数Love'snumber02.222志田数Shida'snumber02.223潮汐因子tidalfactor02.224相位滞后phaselag02.225地球液核动力效应dynamiceffectofliquidcoreoftheearth02.226地球动力扁率dynamicellipticityoftheearth02.227地球动力因子dynamicfactoroftheearth02.228地壳均衡说isostasyhypothesis02.229地

39、壳均衡isostasy02.230大陆漂移continentaldrift02.231板块运动platemovement02.232卫星大地测量几何法geometricalmethodofsatellitegeodesy02.233卫星大地测量动力法dynamicalmethodofsatellitegeodesy02.234惯性坐标系inertialcoordinatesystem02.235天球坐标系celestialcoordinatesystem02.236轨道坐标系orbitalcoordinatesystem02.237地固坐标系bodyfixedcoordinateSystem，

40、earthfixedcoordinateSystem02.238站心坐标系topocentricterrestrialcoordinatesystem02.239地心直角坐标geocentricrectangularcoordinate02.240地心经度geocentriclongitude02.241地心纬度geocentriclatitude02.242平移参数translationparameters02.243旋转参数rotationparameters02.244尺度参数scaleparameter02.245大地测量卫星geodeticsatellite02.246卫星轨道sat

41、elliteorbit02.247受摄轨道disturbedorbit02.248卫星轨道升交点ascendingnodeofsatelliteorbit02.249卫星轨道近地点perigeeofsatelliteorbit02.250卫星轨道根数（又称“卫星轨道参数”）orbitelementsofsatellite02.251卫星轨道长半径semimajoraxisofsatelliteorbit02.252卫星轨道偏心率eccentricityofsatelliteorbit02.253卫星轨道倾角inclinationofsatelliteorbit02.254卫星升交点赤经righ

42、tascensionofsatelliteascendingnode02.255卫星轨道近地点幅角argumentofperigeeofsatelliteorbit02.256卫星过近地点时刻timeofsatelliteperigeepassing02.257平均运动meanmotion02.258卫星高度satellitealtitude02.259近地点高度altitudeofperigee02.260卫星星下点subsatellitepoint02.261真近点角trueanomaly02.262偏近点角eccentricanomaly02.263平近点角meananomaly02.2

43、64轨道周期orbitalperiod02.265卫星运动方程equationofsatellitemotion02.266摄动力disturbingforce02.267摄动函数disturbingfunction02.268地球引力摄动terrestrialgravitationalperturbation02.269日月引力摄动lunisolargravitationalperturbation02.270大气阻力摄动atmosphericdragperturbation02.271太阳光压摄动solarradiationpressureperturbation02.272潮汐摄动tid

44、alperturbation02.273运动方程分析解analyticalsolutionofmotionequation02.274运动方程数值解numericalsolutionofmotionequation02.275状态向量statevector02.276一阶摄动firstorderperturbation02.277二阶摄动secondorderperturbation02.278卫星共振分析analysisofsatelliteresonance02.279卫星轨道改进improvementofsatelliteorbit02.280照相观测cameraobservation，

45、photographicsatelliteobservation，SLR02.281卫星激光测距satellitelaserranging02.282卫星多普勒频移测量satelliteDopplershiftmeasurement02.283卫星测高satellitealtimetry02.284卫星射电干涉测量satelliteradiointerferometry02.285卫星跟踪卫星技术satellitetosatellitetracking02.286卫星跟踪站trackingstationofsatellite02.287卫星重力梯度测量satellitegradiometry0

46、2.288卫星三角测量satellitetriangulation02.289同步观测simultaneousobservation02.290同步平面synchronousplane02.291史密森天文台星表SAOStarcatalogue02.292底片常数法methodofplateconstant02.293底片方位元素法methodofplateorientationelements02.294闪烁误差errorofscintillation02.295卫星相位差phaseerrorofsatellite02.296卫星光行差satelliteaberration02.297卫星多

47、普勒定位satelliteDopplerpositioning02.298多普勒单点定位Dopplerpointpositioning02.299多普勒联测定位Dopplertranslocation02.300多普勒短弧法定位Dopplerpositioningbytheshortarcmethod02.301伪距测量pseudorangemeasurement02.302载波差频相位测量carrierbeatphasemeasurement02.303钟差clockoffset，clockcorrection02.304钟速clockrate02.305双频信标doublefrequenc

48、ybeacon02.306粗码CoarseAcquisitionCode，CACode02.307精码PreciseCode，PCode02.308频偏frequencyoffset02.309频漂frequencydrift02.310多普勒计数Dopplercount02.311广播星历broadcastephemeris02.312精密星历preciseephemeris02.313吉尔平面Guierplane02.314电离层折射改正ionosphericrefractioncorrection02.315对流层折射改正troposphericrefractioncorrection0

49、2.316相对论改正relativisticcorrection02.317甚长基线干涉测量verylongbaselineinterferometry，VLBI02.318激光测月lunarlaserranging，LLR02.319整体大地测量integratedgeodesy02.320误差理论theoryoferrors02.321测量误差observationerror02.322真误差trueerror02.323随机误差randomerror02.324平均误差averageerror02.325慨然误差（又称“或然误差”）probableerror02.326极限误差limit

50、error02.327容许误差allowableerror02.328截断误差truncationerror02.329权weight02.330单位权unitweight02.331仅函数weightfunction02.332权系数weightcoefficient02.333单位权方差（又称“方差因子”）varianceofunitweight02.334权矩阵weightmatrix02.335权逆阵Inverseofweightmatrix02.336方差一协方差阵（又称“积差阵”）variancecovarlancematrix02.337方差一协方差传播律variancecovarlancepropagationlaw02.338误差放大因子dilutionofprecision，DOP02.339误差检验errortest02.340抗差估计（又称“稳健估计”）robustestimation02.341最小二乘法leastsquaresmethod02.342参数千差（又称“间接平差”）parameteradjustment02.343附条件参数平差（又称“附条件的间接手差”）parameteradjustmentwithconstraint02.344观测方程（又称“误差方程”）observationequation02.345