被动语态高三复习

1、什么是主动语态与被动语态？什么是主动语态与被动语态？主动主动语态语态 Active voice：主语是动作的：主语是动作的发出者发出者 do被动被动语态语态 Passive voice：主语是动作的：主语是动作的承受者承受者 注意注意: 不及物动词不及物动词(短语短语) 没有被动语态没有被动语态His dream will be come true sooner or later. 一般式一般式进行式进行式be being done完成式完成式 has/have being donebe done结构结构:主动主动语态语态谓语结构谓语结构被动语态被动语态谓语结构谓语结构一般现在时一般现在时 d

2、o / does一般过去时一般过去时 did现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are doing过去进行时过去进行时was/were doing一般将来时一般将来时 will do过去将来时过去将来时would do现在完成时现在完成时has/have done过去完成时过去完成时had doneam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being donewill be donewould be donehas/have been donehad been done1.Bruce writes a letter every

3、week. A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 3. He has written two novels so far. Two novels have been written by him so far. 4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. Ten trees will be planted by them to

4、morrow. 5. Lucy is writing a letter now. A letter is being written by Lucy now. 6. You must lock the door when you leave. the door must be locked when you leave 1.The bridge ( build) last year. 2.The Olympic Games (hold) every four years.3.The problem (discuss) at the meeting now. 4.His new book (pu

5、blish) next month. 5.In the last few decades, many parks _ (design) to provide entertainment. 6. The machine (repair) at this time yesterday. 7. She said the report (type) by Li Mei for two weeks. 8. Miss Li said the book (give) to the students the next morning. was built are held is being discussed

6、 will be published have been designed last year every four yearsnow next monthIn the last few decadeswas being repairedat this time yesterdayhad been typedsaidfor two weekswould be givensaidthe next morning1.带情态动词的被动结构。带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：其形式为：情态动词情态动词be过去分词过去分词。 Finally, children should _(send) to some

7、where where life is hard if possible.(执信中学执信中学) be sentYoung trees must _ (water) often. Your mistakes should _ (correct) right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow be wateredbe corrected (1)My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my

8、 birthday. A present was given to me yesterday. (2) My mother made me a new skirt. A new skirt was made for me.2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动另一个不动.He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him. My father

9、 bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father. 什么时候用什么时候用to,什么时候用什么时候用for 呢？呢？give, show, lend, sell, tell, pass, bring, take, teach, offer, pay, promise sth to sbbuy, cook, make, find, keep, order, choose, paint sth for sb 3. 感官动词感官动词或使役动词使用省略或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，的动词不定式，主动语态中不带主动语态中

10、不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 例：例：make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do somethingsomebody +be +seen to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy

11、work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. (1).我妹妹由奶奶照顾。我妹妹由奶奶照顾。My sister will _by Grandma.(2).病人正在做手术病人正在做手术 The patient_.be taken care ofis being operated on4. 短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看短语动词要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：这类动词有： laugh at, operate on, listen t

12、o, look after, think of, talk abouthand in, catch sight of, make use of, pay attention to, set fire to, take care of等。等。We cant laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick

13、man is being taken care of by the nurse. 1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, 特别要注意表示发生的动词特别要注意表示发生的动词happen, take place, break out, come about, occur (1)When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun_ already _ ( rise) .2.China has taken place great changes .Great changes have been taken place in C

14、hinahasrisenFFGreat changes have taken place in China,(3)The building _(look)very beautiful.(4)Her voice _ (sound) quite sweet and we were deeply attracted.lookssounded2.五大感官系动词五大感官系动词(feel，look, seem, taste, sound, smell)没有被动语态没有被动语态(5)The cloth_ (wash) easily.(6)The new product _(sell) well（7）The

15、pen _(write) smoothly.washessells一些动词表示性质的如：一些动词表示性质的如：sell， wash, write, last, cook 一般用作不及物动词其后通常加一般用作不及物动词其后通常加副词副词well, badly, easily, smoothlywrites这布很好洗。这布很好洗。这新产品很畅销。这新产品很畅销。这支笔写字很流畅。这支笔写字很流畅。(8)The book is well worth _(read). (9) The problem is not worth_ (discuss).readingdiscussing4. Sth be

16、worth +doing(10)The flowers need / want _(wash).这个问题需要注意。这个问题需要注意。(11)The problem required_.washing paying attention toneed, want, require +doing1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, take place, break out, belong to, consist of等。等。 2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look, seem, taste, sound, s

17、mell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，3.有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示等副词连用时，表示主语内主语内在品质或性能在品质或性能，是，是不及物动词不及物动词，用，用主动表示被动主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。等。4.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动5.在在need, want, require 表示表示“需要需要”的动词的动词后的后的动

18、名词用主动形式表被动意义。动名词用主动形式表被动意义。We have an old musical instrument. It _(call) a clavichord. It _(make) in Germany in1681. Our clavichord _(keep) in the living room. It _ (belong) to our family for a long time. The instrument _(buy) my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She

19、tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings _ (broke). My father _ (shock). Now we _( not allow) to touch it. It _ (repair) by a friend of my fathers now.is called was made is kept has belongedwas bought were broken was shocked are not allowed is being repaired (1)W

20、hen we got to the top of the mountain, the sun_ already _ ( rise) .(2)After the fire, few houses_ (remain).(3)The building _(look)very beautiful.(4)Her voice _ (sound)quite sweet and we were deeply attracted.(5)The cloth_ (wash) well.(6)The new product _(sell) well. (7)The book is well worth_(read).

21、 (8) The problem is not worth_ (discuss).(9)The flowers need / want _(wash). _(wash).这个问题需要注意。这个问题需要注意。(10)The problem (10)The problem required_. required_. paying attention towahingdiscussingreadingsellswashessoundslooksremained had risen1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain,

22、take place, break out, belong to, consist of等。等。2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look, taste, sound, smell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，4.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动后的动名词要用主动表被动5.在在need, want, require 表示表示“需要需要”的动词的动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义1.不及物动词没有被动语态，如：不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, take place, break out, belong to, consist of等。等。 2.感官系动词感官系动词(feel，look, seem, taste, sound, smell)用主动形式表示被动意义，用主动形式表示被动意义，3.有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和有些动词通常是及物动词，但是当它们和well, badl