Unit DRINKING WATER 教学参考

1、Audio-Visual-Oral English for Contemporary MedicineHealth Promotion 当代医学英语视听说教程Unit 2Drinking Water and HealthSection A Pre-audio-visual TasksTask 1 Glossary PreviewGet familiar with the words and expressions listed below, and then complete each of the following sentences with a proper word from the

2、 list.hormone n.antibody n.surface n.perspiration n.alcohol n.heat wave Mayo Clinic hyponatremia n.sodium n.restless erfere with obey v.liter n.guideline n.requirement n.content n.fruit juice soda n.caffeine n.expel v.Institute of Medicine bottled water headline n.regulation n.disclose v.cont

3、aminant n.acknowledge v.reflect v. market v. consistently adv. spring n. purified water treatment n.sanitary adj.consumer n.alarm n. decodingunderground aquifer contamination n. reverse osmosis distillation n. Associate Press trace n.prescription drugs pharmaceutical n.metropolitan area stock n.anti

4、seizure n.antidepressant n.Prozac filter out water shed eliminate v.filtration n.EPA ( Environmental Protection Agency )flush v.implication n.medicalization n.concentration n.dissolve v.feminization n.aquatic organism n.荷尔蒙，激素抗体表面，地面出汗，汗水含酒精的饮料，乙醇热浪（美国）梅奥医学中心低钠血症钠焦躁不安的，不停运动的妨碍，阻挠遵循，服从公升指导纲要，指导原则要求，必

5、要条件含量，容积果汁苏打水，汽水咖啡因排除，驱逐（美国）医学研究所瓶装水新闻标题管理，规章，规则公开，揭露污染物 承认 反映 营销，推销一贯地，坚持地泉水净化水处理卫生的，清洁的消费者，顾客惊恐，警报解码地下蓄水层污染 反渗透蒸馏 （新闻机构）美联社微量，痕迹处方药药物大城市区家畜抗惊厥抗抑郁剂百忧解(抗抑郁药物)过滤，滤除水区域消除，排除过滤，滤除美国环境保护署冲洗，冲掉含义，含意医药化浓度，集中使溶解，融化雌性化水生生物1. Contamination is the presence of a minor and unwanted constituent (contaminant) in

6、a material, in a physical body, in the natural environment, at a workplace, etc.2. Restrooms and sanitary facilities shall be kept in a clean condition, in good repair, well lighted and adequately ventilated.3. High levels of contaminants have been found in the groundwater, causing concerns about po

7、ssible health risks to nearby neighborhoods.4. No one needs to know about your alcoholism or mental illnesses or true weaknesses, and you should never disclose them.5. If someone is restless they are unable to stay still or be happy because they are worried or bored.6. Exercise causes perspiration a

8、nd a speeded-up heartbeat7. The occasional mistake doesnt matter, but if you get it consistently wrong you are in trouble.8. A local doctor was the first to raise the alarm about this latest virus.9. The condition is thought to be caused by a defect in the kidney's ability to reabsorb sodium.10.

9、 She acknowledged that she had been at fault.11. A good degree is a minimum requirement for many jobs.12. Falling objects obey the law of gravity. 13. Antibodies found in breast milk protect babies against infection.14. When you breathe out, you expel air from your lungs.15. The correct procedure is

10、 laid down in the rules and regulations.16. If the food is not in liquid form, crush it or dissolve it in a small amount of water before adding it to the indicator solution.17. The body naturally eliminates waste products.18. The organization issued a guideline for prevention and management of obesi

11、ty. 19. High concentrations of toxic elements were found in the polluted areas of the sea.20. Many people are unaware of the public health implications of medicalizationTask 2 Pair-work Discussion Write down three questions you find interesting to explore on the topic “Drinking Water and Health”. Th

12、e first two questions are given as a prompt. Discuss briefly each of them with your deskmates.1. How much water do you drink every day?2. Why is clean drinking water vital to health?3. _4. _5. _Section B. Audio-visual TasksTask 3 Spot Dictation Listen to a passage three times and while listening, yo

13、u are to put the missing word in each numbered blank according to what you hear. Experts say water is important for many reasons. Between fifty-five and seventy-five percent of the body is water. Water in blood carries (1) hormones and antibodies through the body. Water in urine carries away waste m

14、aterials. Water is needed for (2) cooling the body on hot days, and when we are working or exercising. Water carries body heat to the surface of the skin. There, the heat is lost through (3) perspiration.Health experts say adults should drink about two liters of water a day to (4) replace all the wa

15、ter lost in liquid wastes and perspiration. They say people should drink more than that in hot weather.Experts say it is important to drink before, during and after (5) exercise. They say we should drink water even before we start to feel like we need something to drink. During hot weather, cool liq

16、uids are best. Also, (6) avoid sweet drinks and alcohol.We need to add that doctors also say it is possible to drink too much water. Some people, for example, do this if they exercise hard during a (7) heat wave. Experts with the Mayo Clinic say drinking too much water can cause hyponatremia. In thi

17、s condition, the level of (8) sodium in the blood falls too low.The result is that the amount of water in the body increases. This causes cells to become larger. Mayo Clinic experts say the (9) enlarged cells can cause a person to become sick or (10) restless. They also can interfere with mental abi

18、lity, make (11) muscles weak and cause pain in the head. In a mild case, simply reducing fluids may be all that the person needs. But medical help is necessary if the condition is more (12) severe.Task 4 Short Answer Questions Listen to a passage “How Much Water Is Needed” twice. While listening, yo

19、u are to give an answer as short as possible to each of the questions below.1. How much water do many people believe they are supposed to drink daily? Eight glasses.2. How much water should people drink, according to experts?As much water as they feel like.3. What can the daily water requirement inc

20、lude?The water content in foods.4. What liquids else do people drink aside from water? Fruit juices, sodas, milk, coffee and tea.5. What other factors may affect peoples need to drink more water? Hot weather and physical activity.Task 5 Sentence Dictation Listen to each sentence, repeat it aloud, li

21、sten to it again, and then write down the whole sentence on the space provided. You will listen to each sentence for a third time to have a check.1. In fact, the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines.2. People do not get water only by forcing t

22、hemselves to drink a set number of glasses per day.3. The Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active.4. Depending on heat and activity, people could need two times as much water as others do.5. No one seems sure why people have the idea that good healt

23、h requires eight glasses of water daily.Task 6Recognizing Details Watch a video clip “Bottled Water under the Microscope” twice and decide whether each of the statements below is TRUE (T) or FALSE (F)._F_T_T_F_F_F_T_1. Americans spend $120 million a year on bottled water.2. According to the Environm

24、ental Working Group, there are no good regulations for bottled water.3. The tap water systems are required to disclose contaminants in tap water.4. Of the 38 substances the group found in bottled water, all were beyond the federal limits.5. Many consumers know that up to 45 percent of the bottled wa

25、ter comes from municipal water supplies. 6. Thomas Burke is one of the members of the Environmental Working Group.7. If the label says spring water, it means it actually comes from underground aquifer. Task 7Overall Comprehension Watch a video clip “Water Worries” twice and choose the best answer to

26、 each of the questions below.1. What does the Associate Press investigation reveal?A) 41 million of Americans are drinking unsafe water.B) Drinking water tested positive for pharmaceuticals.C) Many Americans worry about prescription drugs.D) Water suppliers worry about unsafe water sources.2. Virtua

27、lly no water supplier entirely filters out pharmaceuticals because of _.A) the treatment systemsB) the treatment facilitiesC) too large amounts of drugsD) too complex a filtration design3. Philadelphia is an example to show that _.A) water suppliers can entirely filter out pharmaceuticalsB) differen

28、t pharmaceuticals are present in the water shedC) no system requires water suppliers to test pharmaceuticalsD) the untreated water shed is unsuitable for drinking water source 4. According to biologist Sandra Steingraber, its important for people to recognize _.A) the public health implications of m

29、edicalizationB) the side-effects of non-prescription drugsC) the high concentration of drugs in drinking waterD) the importance of filtering out pharmaceuticals5. The risks of drinking water contaminated with mixtures of compounds are _. A) enormous B) scaring C) removable D) unknown Key to Task 71.

30、 B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. DSection C. Follow-up Oral TasksTask 8 Listening & Interpretation Listen to the five sentences twice and interpret each into Chinese.1. Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life. 2.Experts say people should obey their bodies; they should drink as much water as they feel like dri