M5U1 Getting along with othersRevision

1、Unit 1Getting along with others 与他人相处话题之十三话题之十三失物求助失物求助三年三年1考考 2010重庆重庆假设你是李华，于假设你是李华，于2010年年6月月3日搭乘国外某航日搭乘国外某航空公司航班空公司航班(flight number BA793)回国后，发现遗失了一个行回国后，发现遗失了一个行李箱李箱(suitcase)。现请用英文给该航空公司写一封信，请他们帮。现请用英文给该航空公司写一封信，请他们帮你寻找。信件要点包括：你寻找。信件要点包括：1. 陈述写信原因陈述写信原因2. 简要描述该行李简要描述该行李 3. 说明其重要性说明其重要性4. 期待回复并

2、表示感谢。期待回复并表示感谢。注意：词数注意：词数100左右。左右。Dear Sir/Madam, Im Li Hua. I took the flight BA793 on June 3, 2010. But when I came to my home, I found I lost a suitcase. I am writing to request you to help me find it back. My suitcase is a small blue one with a zip. There is a label on the handle with my name an

3、d address on it. It is really important for me, because I had put all my important documents in it, including my ID card, passport and so on. Besides, it is what my father sent to me on my birthday. Thanks for your kind consideration and I am looking forward to receiving your earliest reply. Yours t

4、ruly, Li Hua 1. 本文为失物求助类的应用文写作。本文为失物求助类的应用文写作。第一段陈述写信原因第一段陈述写信原因请求帮助找回丢失的行李箱。请求帮助找回丢失的行李箱。第二段详细描述行李箱的具体情况以及它的重要性。第二段详细描述行李箱的具体情况以及它的重要性。第三段期待回复并表示感谢。第三段期待回复并表示感谢。2. 全文行文流畅，句式变化多样，用词地道。全文行文流畅，句式变化多样，用词地道。高级词汇：高级词汇：request, document, consideration高级句型：高级句型：it is what. . . (表语从句表语从句)语篇过渡语：语篇过渡语：but, be

5、sides【佳作习得】【佳作习得】完成句子完成句子Oh, you are right. Thats _(我所我所期待的期待的). what I have been expecting. 单词盘点单词盘点根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇1. _ (vt. ) 出卖，背叛出卖，背叛2. _ (vi. & vt. ) 假装；装扮，扮作假装；装扮，扮作3. _ (vi. & vt. ) 集中注意力于集中注意力于；(使使)聚焦聚焦 (n. ) 焦点；重点焦点；重点betraypretendfocus4. _ (n. &vi. ) 评论，谈论评论，谈论5. _

6、(n. & vi. ) 争吵，争执争吵，争执6. _ (vt. ) 责备，指责责备，指责 (n. ) (坏事或错事的坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责责任；责备，指责7. _(n. ) 身份身份remarkquarrelblameidentity8. _ (adj. ) 荒唐的，怪诞的荒唐的，怪诞的9. _ (n. ) 泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情， (与某人与某人)认识认识10. _ (n. ) 态度，看法态度，看法11. _ (adj. ) 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的12. _ (n. ) 宽恕；仁慈宽恕；仁慈13. _ (vt. &am

7、p; vi. )承认；允许进入，接纳承认；允许进入，接纳_ (adj. ) 公认的，被承认了的公认的，被承认了的_ (n. ) 承认；录取；允许进入承认；录取；允许进入absurdacquaintanceattitudecommittedmercyadmitadmittedadmission14. _ (vt. ) 原谅原谅, 宽恕宽恕_ (n. )原谅；宽恕原谅；宽恕15. _ (n. )方式；态度，举止方式；态度，举止_ (n. ) 礼貌礼貌16. _ (adj. ) 内疚的；有罪的内疚的；有罪的_ (n. ) 犯罪；过失；犯罪；过失；内疚内疚17. _ (vi. ) 争吵，争论争吵，争论

8、_ (n. )论证，论据；争论证，论据；争吵吵18._ (vi. ) 道歉道歉_ (n. ) 道歉道歉19. _(adj. ) 易生气的；敏感的；体贴的易生气的；敏感的；体贴的_ (n. ) 敏感；灵敏度敏感；灵敏度forgiveforgivenessmannermannersguiltyguiltargueargument apologizeapologysensitivesensitivity20. _ (n. ) 娱乐，消遣娱乐，消遣_ (vt. )使娱乐，使开心使娱乐，使开心_ (adj. )有趣的，好玩的有趣的，好玩的; 好笑的好笑的_ (adj. )被被逗乐的，愉快的逗乐的，愉快的

9、21._ (adj. )小心的，谨慎的小心的，谨慎的_ (adv. )小心地，小心地，谨慎地谨慎地_ (n. ) 谨慎；小心谨慎；小心22. _ (adj. ) 热切的，急不可待的热切的，急不可待的_ (adv. )热切地热切地_ (n. )渴望渴望23. _ (vi. ) 做出反应，回应做出反应，回应_ (n. ) 响应；反应；响应；反应；回答回答amusementamuseamusingamused cautiouscautiouslycautiousnesseagereagerlyeagernessrespondresponse【品词自测】【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空根据所给词的

10、适当形式填空The students were _ not to make mistakes in spelling. The teacher was pleased with it and praised them for their_ . (cautious)They make a quick _ to my inquiry, which suggests they have a strong sense of_ . (respond)He _ to his girlfriend for his being rude to her, but she turned her back on h

11、is _ . (apologize) cautiouscautiousnessresponseresponsibilityapologizedapology. 短语回放短语回放1. 假装做某事假装做某事 _2. 遵守诺言，守信用遵守诺言，守信用 _3. 暗中监视，窥探暗中监视，窥探 _4. (与与)步调一致，步调一致，(与与)同步同步 _5. 以这种方式以这种方式 _pretend to do sth.keep ones wordspy onkeep pace within this manner6. 评论，发表议论评论，发表议论 _7. 向某人道歉向某人道歉 _ _8. 忍不住做某事忍不住做

12、某事 _9. 不久，很快不久，很快 _10. (用电话用电话)接通；完成接通；完成(任务任务)；通过；到达；通过；到达 _make a remarkapologize to sb. /make an apology to sb.cannot help doing sth.before longget through11. 以以为基础，以为基础，以为根据为根据 _12. 不管，不顾不管，不顾 _13. 最后成为；最终处于最后成为；最终处于 _14. 依靠，依赖依靠，依赖 _15. 幸亏幸亏; 由于由于 _be based onregardless ofend uprely onthanks to

13、. 句式扫描句式扫描1. I _ (一定是听上去一定是听上去) very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. 2. I was _ (如此难过以至于如此难过以至于) I felt like crying. 3. _ (我认为我不能我认为我不能) ever truly forgive her. 4. Football is very important to me, but _(我们的友谊也很重要我们的友谊也很重要). must have so

14、undedso upset thatI dont think I canso is our friendship5. Yesterday, I saw him _(和另一和另一个男孩彼得说话个男孩彼得说话), and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me. 6. _(当被问到这个问题时当被问到这个问题时), they usually hesitate before responding, My best friend? . . . 7. We have to realize:

15、boys share activities, _(然而女孩分享感情然而女孩分享感情). 8. However, _ (如果当初我终止了如果当初我终止了我们的友谊我们的友谊), we would have both learnt nothing. talking to another boy, PeterWhen askedwhile girls sharefeelingsif I had ended our friendship【仿句自测】【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子根据下面句式仿写句子must have done表示对过去发生过的事情作肯定推测表示对过去发生过的事情作肯定推测仿写：萨姆确

16、信他的钱包肯定被一个村民捡到了。仿写：萨姆确信他的钱包肯定被一个村民捡到了。_so. . . that. . . 引导结果状语从句引导结果状语从句仿写：他是如此粗心，总是把上学用的东西落在家里。仿写：他是如此粗心，总是把上学用的东西落在家里。_Sam was sure that his purse must have been found by a villager.He was so careless that he always left his school things at home. when引导的时间状语从句的省略引导的时间状语从句的省略仿写：当她一个人时，她总是心不在焉。仿写：

17、当她一个人时，她总是心不在焉。_She was always absent-minded when alone.核核心心要要点点focus三年三年2考考get through三年三年3考考end up三年三年2考考虚拟语气虚拟语气三年三年19考考1. pretend vi. & vt. 假装；装扮，扮作假装；装扮，扮作pretend to do/ to be doing/ to have done sth. 假装要做假装要做/正在做正在做/做过了某事做过了某事pretend sth. / that. . . 假装假装Jim pretended to be reading when th

18、e teacher came in. 当老师进来时，吉姆假装在读书。当老师进来时，吉姆假装在读书。The naughty boy pretends to have finished his homework in order to go out to play with his playmates. 为了与玩伴出去玩耍，这个顽皮的男孩假装已做完了作业。为了与玩伴出去玩耍，这个顽皮的男孩假装已做完了作业。He pretended an interest in what she said though he didnt like it in fact. (句型转换句型转换)=He pretende

19、d _ _ _ _ in what she said though he didnt like it in fact. to have an interest=He pretended that _ _ _ _ in what she said though he didnt like it in fact. 尽管事实上他不喜欢，但他还是假装对她的话感兴趣。尽管事实上他不喜欢，但他还是假装对她的话感兴趣。he had an interest2. admit vt. &vi. 承认承认; 允许进入，接纳允许进入，接纳; 供认供认(1)admit(doing/ having done) s

20、th. 承认承认(做过做过)某事某事admit (to sb. ) sth. /that-clause (向某人向某人)承认某事承认某事/admit sb. /sth. to be+ n. / adj. 承认某人承认某人/某物某物(to be作宾语补足语作宾语补足语)(2)admit sb. to/into. . . 准许某人进入准许某人进入(某一组织、机某一组织、机 构、学校、团体等构、学校、团体等)admit of 容许容许; 有有的可能，有的可能，有 的余地的余地You must admit the task to be difficult. 你必须承认这项任务是艰巨的。你必须承认这项任

21、务是艰巨的。How many students have been admitted into the school this year? 今年这所学校有多少学生入学今年这所学校有多少学生入学? 你应当有勇气承认错误。你应当有勇气承认错误。(一句多译一句多译)You should have the courage to admit your mistakes. =You should have the courage to admit _ _ _. =You should have the courage to admit that _ _ _. I admit of no delay abo

22、ut the matter. (改错改错)这件事不容耽搁。这件事不容耽搁。答案：答案：The matter admits of no delay. your making mistakesyou made mistakes【点津】【点津】(1)admit作作“承认承认”之意时，后接之意时，后接v. -ing作宾语，不能作宾语，不能接不定式。接不定式。(2)admit of意为意为“容许；有容许；有的余地的余地”，此时句子主语通常，此时句子主语通常是物而不是人。是物而不是人。【真题链接】【真题链接】2009全国卷全国卷，15If you leave the club, you will not

23、be _ back in. A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved【解析】【解析】选选B。考查动词辨析。句意：如果你离开俱乐部，你。考查动词辨析。句意：如果你离开俱乐部，你将不会被允许返回。将不会被允许返回。admit“准许进入准许进入”，符合句意。，符合句意。receive收收到；到；turn转变转变, 翻转；翻转；move移动。移动。3. forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕原谅，宽恕Have you forgiven him his rudeness? 你原谅他的粗鲁了吗？你原谅他的粗鲁了吗？I cant forgive myself for

24、not seeing my mother before she died. 母亲临终前我未去看她，为这事我不能原谅自己。母亲临终前我未去看她，为这事我不能原谅自己。【归纳】【归纳】_ 原谅某人原谅某人/某人某事某人某事_ 原谅某人做某事原谅某人做某事forgive sb. /sb. sth.forgive sb. for doing sth.4. focus vi. & vt. 集中注意力于集中注意力于；(使使)聚焦聚焦 n. 焦点；重点焦点；重点focus on 集中于；重点在集中于；重点在focus ones eyes/ attention / mind on sth. 把视线把视

25、线/注意力集中到注意力集中到上上Today were going to focus on the question of homeless people. 今天，我们主要讨论无家可归者的问题。今天，我们主要讨论无家可归者的问题。The widespread reluctance to help strangers has already been the focus of public debate. 面对陌生人普遍不愿去救助已成公众争论的焦点。面对陌生人普遍不愿去救助已成公众争论的焦点。You should _ _ _ _ your work. 你应该聚精会神地工作。你应该聚精会神地工作。f

26、ocus your attention on【熟词生义】【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思根据语境选择最佳汉语意思The story is still a bit out of focus. I mean, it is not in clear focus. A. 对不准焦距对不准焦距 B. 不清楚的，不明白的不清楚的，不明白的【解析】【解析】选选B。in focus焦点对准的；清楚的，明白的；焦点对准的；清楚的，明白的；out of focus 没有对准焦点的；不清楚的，不明白的。没有对准焦点的；不清楚的，不明白的。【助记】【助记】5. manner n. 方式，方法；态度方式，方法；态度

27、, 举止举止 n. pl. 礼貌礼貌; 规矩；风俗规矩；风俗in a manner 在某种意义上；在某种程度上在某种意义上；在某种程度上in this manner 以这种方式以这种方式The statement, in a manner, strengthened his position. 这项这项声明在一定程度上加强了他的地位。声明在一定程度上加强了他的地位。You should educate your children to mind their manner. (改改错错)你应该教育你的孩子们注意行为举止。你应该教育你的孩子们注意行为举止。答案：答案：manner改为改为manne

28、rs。manner作作“礼貌，礼仪；习俗礼貌，礼仪；习俗”时需用复数形式。时需用复数形式。6. remark n. & vi. 评论，谈论评论，谈论 vt. 评论；注意到；觉察到评论；注意到；觉察到After the boss made short remarks on the plan, the meeting was over. 老板对这一计划做了简短的评论后，会议就结束了。老板对这一计划做了简短的评论后，会议就结束了。It would be rude to remark upon her appearance. 对她评头论足是不礼貌的。对她评头论足是不礼貌的。The editor

29、 remarked that the article was written well. 编辑说那篇文章写得很好。编辑说那篇文章写得很好。【归纳】【归纳】 make remarks on _remark on/ upon _就就发表评论发表评论谈论，评论谈论，评论7. argue vi. 争吵，争论争吵，争论They argued with each other about the best place for a holiday. 他们为最佳的度假地点而争论不休。他们为最佳的度假地点而争论不休。He thought he was arguing for the right. 他认为他在为正义

30、而辩论。他认为他在为正义而辩论。【归纳】【归纳】argue with sb. about/ over sth. _argue for/ against _ 就某事与某人争论就某事与某人争论为赞成为赞成/反对反对而辩论而辩论8. apologize vi. 道歉道歉(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事而向某人道歉因某事而向某人道歉(2)apology n. 道歉，谢罪道歉，谢罪make sb. an apology/ offer an apology to sb. 因因(做做)某事而向某人道歉某事而向某人道歉accept/ refuse ones ap

31、ology 接受接受/拒绝某人的道歉拒绝某人的道歉owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉应向某人道歉You must apologize to him for having kept him waiting so long. =You must make an apology to him for having kept him waiting so long. 让他等了这么久，你应该为此向他表示歉意。让他等了这么久，你应该为此向他表示歉意。服务员为自己的无礼向顾客道歉。服务员为自己的无礼向顾客道歉。(判断正误判断正误)The waiter apologized to the cu

32、stomer in being so rude. ( )The waiter apologized to the customer for being so rude. ( )9. blame vt. 责备，指责；把责备，指责；把归咎于归咎于 n. (坏事或错事的坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责责任；责备，指责(1)blame sb. for sth. /doing sth. 为某事责备某人为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事责备某人做了某事blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应应(为为)承担责任；该承担责任；该(为为)受责受责 备

33、备(不用被动语态不用被动语态)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任对某事负责任put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人将某事归咎于某人Dont keep blaming your little sister for your bad behaviour. 不要总是把你的不良行为怪在你的小妹妹身上。不要总是把你的不良行为怪在你的小妹妹身上。We cant blame the accident on the weather. (句型转换句型转换)=We cant _ the blame for the

34、 accident on the weather. 我们不能把这起事故归咎于天气。我们不能把这起事故归咎于天气。Who _ _ _ for setting the house on fire? 纵火烧房一事应由谁来负责任？纵火烧房一事应由谁来负责任？ put/layis to blame10. acquaintance n. 泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，(与某人与某人)认识，认识，熟悉熟悉acquaintance with 对对的认识，了解的认识，了解on first acquaintance/ on closer acquaintance 初次相见初次相见/经过进一步

35、了解经过进一步了解nodding acquaintance 点头之交；肤浅的知识点头之交；肤浅的知识make sb. s acquaintance /make the acquaintance of sb. 和某人相识，认识某人和某人相识，认识某人I have some acquaintance with him. 我和他有些交情。我和他有些交情。Sadly, my acquaintance with Spanish literature is limited. 可可悲的是，我对西班牙文学的了解是有限的。悲的是，我对西班牙文学的了解是有限的。I have been looking forwar

36、d to making her acquaintance for a long time. (句型转换句型转换)=I have been looking forward to _ _ _ _ _ for a long time. 我很久以来一直盼望着与她结识。我很久以来一直盼望着与她结识。making the acquaintanceherof【助记】【助记】 He is not a friend, only an acquaintance. 他不是朋友，只是泛泛之交。他不是朋友，只是泛泛之交。11. eager adj. 热切的，急不可待的热切的，急不可待的She is new here s

37、o naturally she is eager for friendship. 她是新来的，当然渴望交朋友。她是新来的，当然渴望交朋友。He was desperately eager to be back after more than a weeks absence from school. 他离校一个多星期以后，回校之心甚切。他离校一个多星期以后，回校之心甚切。【归纳】【归纳】 be eager for sth. _be eager to do sth. _渴望得到某物渴望得到某物渴望做某事渴望做某事【辨析】【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空理解下列区别并选词填空eageranxious着

38、重强调对美好事物的向往，可译作着重强调对美好事物的向往，可译作“渴渴望望”，表示急于看到某事的发生。，表示急于看到某事的发生。更多强调更多强调“焦急，忧虑焦急，忧虑”，表示，表示“担心担心”某某事发生。事发生。I was _ when my child was thrown off the horse. He was _ to learn knowledge. anxiouseager12. respond vi. 做出反应，回应做出反应，回应(1)respond to 答复答复; 对对做出反应做出反应(2)response n. 反应，响应；回复反应，响应；回复in response to

39、对对做出反应做出反应How did the editor respond to our suggestion? 编辑对我们的建议反应如何编辑对我们的建议反应如何? He responded to our suggestion with a smile. 他对我们的建议一笑置之。他对我们的建议一笑置之。We wrote a thank-you note _ _ _ their hospitality. 为回报他们的热情，我们写了一封感谢信。为回报他们的热情，我们写了一封感谢信。in response to13. keep pace(with) (与与)步调一致，步调一致，(与与)同步同步He w

40、alked so fast that the child could hardly keep pace. 他走得那么快，孩子几乎跟不上了。他走得那么快，孩子几乎跟不上了。We must keep pace with the new development of modern scientific research. 我们必须跟上现代科学研究的新发展。我们必须跟上现代科学研究的新发展。【拓展】【拓展】补全下列常见的补全下列常见的keep短语短语keep (sb. ) _(from sth. ) (使使)(某人某人)离开离开(某物某物) keep sb. / sth. _ (of sth. ) 不

41、让不让入内入内 keep _ 忍住忍住(眼泪眼泪)，扣下，隐瞒，扣下，隐瞒 keep _ 远离，避开，让开远离，避开，让开 keep _ 保持保持(不低落不低落)，继续，继续 keep _ 跟上，不落在后面跟上，不落在后面 awayoutbackoffupup with14. get through (用电话用电话)接通接通; 通过通过(考试、议案等考试、议案等)；到达；做；到达；做完；用完，花光完；用完，花光阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的含义阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的含义The woman was so fat that she couldnt get through the doorway

42、. ( )This morning I tried to telephone you but I couldnt get through. ( )Ill go with you as soon as I get through this work. ( )If more supplies do not get through, thousands of refugees will die. ( )通过通过接通电话接通电话完成完成到达到达【拓展】【拓展】get across 把把说清楚；使被理解说清楚；使被理解get over 解决，克服；从解决，克服；从(疾病、震惊中疾病、震惊中) 恢复常态恢

43、复常态get about 走动；走动；(消息等消息等)传开传开get away with 逃离逃离/逃脱惩罚逃脱惩罚get down to 开始认真开始认真(做某事做某事)【真题链接】【真题链接】2010浙江，浙江，12After that, he knew he could _ any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. A. get away with B. get on withC. get through D. get across【解析】【解析】选选C。考查动词短语。句意：自那以后，他懂得了只。考查

44、动词短语。句意：自那以后，他懂得了只要尽最大努力他就能够顺利通过任何紧急情况。要尽最大努力他就能够顺利通过任何紧急情况。get through “顺利通过顺利通过”；get away with “侥幸逃脱侥幸逃脱”；get on with“相处，相处，进展进展”；get across“通过，使被理解通过，使被理解”。2009四川，四川，5Have you _ ? No. I had the wrong number. A. got in B. got awayC. got off D. got through【解析】【解析】选选D。考查动词短语。句意：。考查动词短语。句意：你打通电话了你打通电

45、话了吗？吗？没有，电话号码不对。没有，电话号码不对。get in进入，到达，收获；进入，到达，收获；get away离开，逃脱；离开，逃脱；get off 下车；下车；get through接通接通(电话电话)。15. end up 最后成为；最终处于最后成为；最终处于end up +adj. /v. ing 最后，最终最后，最终end up as sb. /sth. 最终成为或变成最终成为或变成end up with 以以结束结束(后接表具体事物的名词后接表具体事物的名词)end up in 以以结束结束(后接表抽象概念的名词后接表抽象概念的名词)Despite his efforts, h

46、e ended up unsuccessful after all. 尽管他奋发努力，他最后还是没成功。尽管他奋发努力，他最后还是没成功。If you dont watch the road more carefully, youll end up having an accident. 如果你不更加留神过马路，你最后会出事故的。如果你不更加留神过马路，你最后会出事故的。选词填空选词填空(with/in)He ended up his letter _ good wishes to the family. If you go on doing that kind of thing, youll

47、 end up _ prison. 【解析】【解析】with；in【真题链接】【真题链接】2010江西，江西，26Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just _ sweet dreams. A. keep up with B. put up withC. end up with D. catch up with【解析】【解析】选选C。句意：睡觉之前闻一闻花，你可能会做甜美的。句意：睡觉之前闻一闻花，你可能会做甜美的梦。梦。keep up with 跟上；跟上；put up with 忍受，忍受， 容忍；容忍；end up

48、 with 以以结束；结束；catch up with 赶上。根据句意选赶上。根据句意选C。16. rely on 依靠，依赖；信任依靠，依赖；信任rely on sb. / sth. 依靠某人依靠某人/某物某物rely on ones doing sth. / rely on sb. to do sth. 指望指望/信任某人做某事信任某人做某事rely on it that. . . 相信相信Dont rely on others; you should rely on your own efforts. 不不要依靠别人；你应该依靠自己的努力。要依靠别人；你应该依靠自己的努力。You may

49、 rely on it that he will come to meet you. 你放心好了，他会来见你的。你放心好了，他会来见你的。我们相信他今天能完成这份工作。我们相信他今天能完成这份工作。(一句多译一句多译)We rely on his finishing the work today. =We rely on _ _ _ the work today. him to finish【想一想】【想一想】在在rely on it that结构中，结构中，it作形式宾语，代替作形式宾语，代替that引导的真正的引导的真正的宾语从句。在英语中还有哪些动词和动词短语习惯上不直接加宾语从句。在英

50、语中还有哪些动词和动词短语习惯上不直接加宾语从句而用宾语从句而用it作形式宾语？作形式宾语？【拓展延伸】【拓展延伸】it代替从句作形式宾语时的几种特殊结构代替从句作形式宾语时的几种特殊结构(1)动词动词itwhen / if 从句。常见于从句。常见于appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer等少数动词之后。等少数动词之后。We would appreciate it if you could do us this favour. 要是你们要是你们能帮我们这个忙，我们将非常感激。能帮我们这个忙，我们将非常感激。Id prefer it

51、 if I didnt have to finish the work. 要是我不必完成那项工作，那就太好了。要是我不必完成那项工作，那就太好了。(2)动词动词+ it + that从句。常见于从句。常见于like, take, have, put等少数动等少数动词之后。词之后。I take it that they will succeed sooner or later. 我认为他们迟早会成功的。我认为他们迟早会成功的。Let me come and stay. You can put it that it was arranged before. 就让我来呆在这儿吧，你就说原先就是这样安

52、排的。就让我来呆在这儿吧，你就说原先就是这样安排的。(3)动词动词 + it + 介词短语介词短语 + that从句。常见于从句。常见于bring it to ones attention；owe it to sb. ；take it for granted 等结构中。等结构中。I owe it to you that I finished my work in time. 多亏有你我才及时完成了工作。多亏有你我才及时完成了工作。Dont take it for granted that they will support you. 不要想当然地认为他们会支持你。不要想当然地认为他们会支持你。

53、(4)动词动词 + 介词介词(短语短语) + it + that从句。常见于从句。常见于answer for, depend on, rely on, count on, insist on, see to, stick to 等结构等结构中。中。Ill see to it that everything is ready on time. 我将负责按时做好一切准备。我将负责按时做好一切准备。You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English. 你放心，汤姆会帮助你学英语的。你放心，汤姆会帮助你学英语的。Im counti

54、ng on it that you will come. 我指望着你会来。我指望着你会来。17. However, if I had ended our friendship, we would have both learnt nothing. 但是，如果当初我终止了我们的友谊，那我们俩都会一无所得。但是，如果当初我终止了我们的友谊，那我们俩都会一无所得。本句是虚拟语气，本句是虚拟语气，if从句中谓语动词用从句中谓语动词用had done，主句的谓语动，主句的谓语动词用词用would have done，表示对过去的情况的假设。，表示对过去的情况的假设。If it had not been

55、for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus. 如果昨天没有你的帮助，我不会赶上公交车的。如果昨天没有你的帮助，我不会赶上公交车的。【点津】【点津】(1)在该结构中在该结构中if有时可以省略，但其后面的部分要改有时可以省略，但其后面的部分要改为倒装语序。为倒装语序。(2)如果条件状语从句中含有如果条件状语从句中含有were或或should，也可以省略，也可以省略if，把，把if后面的部分改为倒装语序。后面的部分改为倒装语序。Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同

56、意我们的。如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。If I had not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it. (句型转换句型转换)=_ _ _ _ _ with my own eyes, I would not have believed it. 这件事要不是我亲眼所见，我是不会相信的。这件事要不是我亲眼所见，我是不会相信的。Had I not seen it【拓展】【拓展】(1)很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，句子没有很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件，而需要通过上下文或其他方式来判直

57、接给出假设情况的条件，而需要通过上下文或其他方式来判断，这被称为断，这被称为“含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句”。(2)有时在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词可能指不同的有时在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词可能指不同的时间，这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式，称时间，这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式，称之为之为“错综时间条件句错综时间条件句”。【真题链接】【真题链接】2011福建，福建，34Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. I _ it, but I was busy preparing for a jo

58、b interview. A. attended B. had attendedC. would attend D. would have attended【解析】【解析】选选D。考查虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句。句意：。考查虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句。句意：很很遗憾你错过了那场关于核污染的演讲。遗憾你错过了那场关于核污染的演讲。如果我不是忙于准如果我不是忙于准备一次工作面试我就去了。答语相当于备一次工作面试我就去了。答语相当于I would have attended it, if I hadnt been busy preparing for a job interview. ，本题是借，本题是借助

59、于助于but，且根据句意表达虚拟语气，不是借助于，且根据句意表达虚拟语气，不是借助于if，此时称作，此时称作是含蓄虚拟条件句。是含蓄虚拟条件句。(1)情态动词表推测情态动词表推测(2)cant help doing 和和cant help (to) do的区别的区别(3)while表对比转折的用法表对比转折的用法(4)cautious，sensitive, attitude的介词搭配的介词搭配1. English is understood all over the world _ Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey it

60、self. A. while B. when C. as D. since【解析】【解析】选选A。考查连词。句意：英语世界通行，而土耳其语。考查连词。句意：英语世界通行，而土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。离开本国就很少有人说了。while然而，表对比转折。然而，表对比转折。2. 2012兰州模拟兰州模拟This cake is very sweetYou _ a lot of sugar in it. A. should put B. could have putC. might put D. must have put【解析】【解析】选选D。考查情态动词表推测。句意：蛋糕这么甜，你。考查情态动词表推测。句意：蛋糕这么甜，你一定是往里面放了很多糖。根据句意